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From:   Khuong Dinh <kdinh@apm.com>
To:     linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, will.deacon@arm.com,
        catalin.marinas@arm.com
Cc:     msalter@redhat.com, jcm@redhat.com, lorenzo.pieralisi@arm.com,
        ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org, marc.zyngier@arm.com,
        linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, christoffer.dall@linaro.org,
        patches@apm.com, Khuong Dinh <kdinh@apm.com>
Subject: [PATCH] arm64: turn off xgene branch prediction while in kernel space
Date:   Tue, 23 Jan 2018 19:13:27 -0700
Message-Id: <1516760007-14670-1-git-send-email-kdinh@apm.com>
Sender: linux-kernel-owner@vger.kernel.org
Precedence: bulk

Aliasing attacks against CPU branch predictors can allow an attacker to
redirect speculative control flow on some CPUs and potentially divulge
information from one context to another.

This patch only supports for XGene processors.

Signed-off-by: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Khuong Dinh <kdinh@apm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h |    3 ++-
 arch/arm64/include/asm/fixmap.h  |    4 ++++
 arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c   |   18 ++++++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S        |   28 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c          |   34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 86 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h
index bb26382..dc9ada1 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/cpucaps.h
@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@
 #define ARM64_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR		24
 #define ARM64_HARDEN_BP_POST_GUEST_EXIT		25
 #define ARM64_HAS_RAS_EXTN			26
+#define ARM64_XGENE_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR	27
 
-#define ARM64_NCAPS				27
+#define ARM64_NCAPS				28
 
 #endif /* __ASM_CPUCAPS_H */
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/fixmap.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/fixmap.h
index ec1e6d6..d5400ca 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/fixmap.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/fixmap.h
@@ -63,6 +63,10 @@ enum fixed_addresses {
 	FIX_ENTRY_TRAMP_TEXT,
 #define TRAMP_VALIAS		(__fix_to_virt(FIX_ENTRY_TRAMP_TEXT))
 #endif /* CONFIG_UNMAP_KERNEL_AT_EL0 */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR
+	FIX_BOOT_CPU_BP_CTLREG,
+#endif /* CONFIG_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR */
 	__end_of_permanent_fixed_addresses,
 
 	/*
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c
index ed68818..1554014 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c
@@ -53,6 +53,18 @@
 		(arm64_ftr_reg_ctrel0.sys_val & arm64_ftr_reg_ctrel0.strict_mask);
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR
+static bool is_xgene_cpu(const struct arm64_cpu_capabilities *entry, int scope)
+{
+	unsigned int midr = read_cpuid_id();
+	unsigned int variant = MIDR_VARIANT(midr);
+
+	WARN_ON(scope != SCOPE_LOCAL_CPU);
+	return MIDR_IMPLEMENTOR(midr) == ARM_CPU_IMP_APM && (variant <= 3) &&
+					is_hyp_mode_available();
+}
+#endif
+
 static int cpu_enable_trap_ctr_access(void *__unused)
 {
 	/* Clear SCTLR_EL1.UCT */
@@ -369,6 +381,12 @@ static int qcom_enable_link_stack_sanitization(void *data)
 		MIDR_ALL_VERSIONS(MIDR_CAVIUM_THUNDERX2),
 		.enable = enable_psci_bp_hardening,
 	},
+	{
+		.desc = "ARM64 XGENE branch predictors control",
+		.capability = ARM64_XGENE_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR,
+		.def_scope = SCOPE_LOCAL_CPU,
+		.matches = is_xgene_cpu,
+	},
 #endif
 	{
 	}
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S b/arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S
index b34e717..8c7d98e 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S
@@ -62,6 +62,32 @@
 #endif
 	.endm
 
+	.macro bp_disable, tmp1, tmp2
+#ifdef CONFIG_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR
+	alternative_if ARM64_XGENE_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR
+	adr_l	x\tmp1, bp_ctlreg
+	mrs	x\tmp2, tpidr_el1
+	ldr	x\tmp1, [x\tmp1, x\tmp2]
+	ldr	w\tmp2, [x\tmp1]
+	orr	w\tmp2, w\tmp2, #(1 << 25)
+	str	w\tmp2, [x\tmp1]
+	alternative_else_nop_endif
+#endif
+	.endm
+
+	.macro bp_enable, tmp1, tmp2
+#ifdef CONFIG_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR
+	alternative_if ARM64_XGENE_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR
+	adr_l	x\tmp1, bp_ctlreg
+	mrs	x\tmp2, tpidr_el1
+	ldr	x\tmp1, [x\tmp1, x\tmp2]
+	ldr	w\tmp2, [x\tmp1]
+	and	w\tmp2, w\tmp2, #~(1 << 25)
+	str	w\tmp2, [x\tmp1]
+	alternative_else_nop_endif
+#endif
+	.endm
+
 /*
  * Bad Abort numbers
  *-----------------
@@ -158,6 +184,7 @@ alternative_else_nop_endif
 	stp	x28, x29, [sp, #16 * 14]
 
 	.if	\el == 0
+	bp_disable 20, 21
 	mrs	x21, sp_el0
 	ldr_this_cpu	tsk, __entry_task, x20	// Ensure MDSCR_EL1.SS is clear,
 	ldr	x19, [tsk, #TSK_TI_FLAGS]	// since we can unmask debug
@@ -307,6 +334,7 @@ alternative_else_nop_endif
 
 	msr	elr_el1, x21			// set up the return data
 	msr	spsr_el1, x22
+	bp_enable 21, 22
 	ldp	x0, x1, [sp, #16 * 0]
 	ldp	x2, x3, [sp, #16 * 1]
 	ldp	x4, x5, [sp, #16 * 2]
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
index 3b8ad7b..69646be 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
@@ -85,6 +85,38 @@ enum ipi_msg_type {
 	IPI_WAKEUP
 };
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR
+DEFINE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(void __iomem *, bp_ctlreg);
+
+static void map_bp_ctlreg(void)
+{
+	if (cpus_have_const_cap(ARM64_XGENE_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR)) {
+		u64 mpidr = read_cpuid_mpidr();
+		unsigned int idx;
+		void __iomem *p;
+		phys_addr_t pa;
+
+		idx =  (MPIDR_AFFINITY_LEVEL(mpidr, 1) << 1) +
+			MPIDR_AFFINITY_LEVEL(mpidr, 0);
+		pa = 0x7c0c0000ULL | (0x100000ULL * idx);
+		if (smp_processor_id())
+			p = ioremap(pa, PAGE_SIZE);
+		else {
+			/* boot processor uses fixmap */
+			set_fixmap_io(FIX_BOOT_CPU_BP_CTLREG, pa);
+			p = (void __iomem *)__fix_to_virt(
+						FIX_BOOT_CPU_BP_CTLREG);
+		}
+		__this_cpu_write(bp_ctlreg, p);
+
+		pr_debug("%s: cpu%d idx=%d pa=0x%llx %p", __func__,
+			 smp_processor_id(), idx, pa, p);
+	}
+}
+#else
+static inline void map_bp_ctlreg(void) {}
+#endif
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_VHE
 
 /* Whether the boot CPU is running in HYP mode or not*/
@@ -224,6 +256,7 @@ asmlinkage void secondary_start_kernel(void)
 
 	cpu = task_cpu(current);
 	set_my_cpu_offset(per_cpu_offset(cpu));
+	map_bp_ctlreg();
 
 	/*
 	 * All kernel threads share the same mm context; grab a
@@ -454,6 +487,7 @@ void __init smp_prepare_boot_cpu(void)
 	 * cpuinfo_store_boot_cpu() above.
 	 */
 	update_cpu_errata_workarounds();
+	map_bp_ctlreg();
 }
 
 static u64 __init of_get_cpu_mpidr(struct device_node *dn)
-- 
1.7.1