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Date:   Fri, 18 May 2018 13:01:46 -0400
From:   Richard Guy Briggs <rgb@redhat.com>
To:     Stefan Berger <stefanb@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc:     Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>,
        containers@lists.linux-foundation.org,
        Linux-Audit Mailing List <linux-audit@redhat.com>,
        linux-integrity <linux-integrity@vger.kernel.org>,
        LKML <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>, paul@paul-moore.com,
        sgrubb@redhat.com
Subject: Re: [PATCH] audit: add containerid support for IMA-audit
Message-ID: <20180518170146.56u7krqfj7hxu55r@madcap2.tricolour.ca>
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On 2018-05-18 12:49, Stefan Berger wrote:
> On 05/18/2018 11:45 AM, Richard Guy Briggs wrote:
> > On 2018-05-18 07:49, Stefan Berger wrote:
> > > On 05/17/2018 05:30 PM, Richard Guy Briggs wrote:
> > > > On 2018-05-17 10:18, Stefan Berger wrote:
> > > > > On 03/08/2018 06:21 AM, Richard Guy Briggs wrote:
> > > > > > On 2018-03-05 09:24, Mimi Zohar wrote:
> > > > > > > On Mon, 2018-03-05 at 08:50 -0500, Richard Guy Briggs wrote:
> > > > > > > > On 2018-03-05 08:43, Mimi Zohar wrote:
> > > > > > > > > Hi Richard,
> > > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > > This patch has been compiled, but not runtime tested.
> > > > > > > > Ok, great, thank you.  I assume you are offering this patch to be
> > > > > > > > included in this patchset?
> > > > > > > Yes, thank you.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > I'll have a look to see where it fits in the
> > > > > > > > IMA record.  It might be better if it were an AUDIT_CONTAINER_INFO
> > > > > > > > auxiliary record, but I'll have a look at the circumstances of the
> > > > > > > > event.
> > > > > > I had a look at the context of this record to see if adding the contid
> > > > > > field to it made sense.  I think the only records for which the contid
> > > > > > field makes sense are the two newly proposed records, AUDIT_CONTAINER
> > > > > > which introduces the container ID and the and AUDIT_CONTAINER_INFO which
> > > > > > documents the presence of the container ID in a process event (or
> > > > > > process-less network event).  All others should use the auxiliary record
> > > > > > AUDIT_CONTAINER_INFO rather than include the contid field directly
> > > > > > itself.  There are several reasons for this including record length, the
> > > > > > ability to filter unwanted records, the difficulty of changing the order
> > > > > > of or removing fields in the future.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Syscalls get this information automatically if the container ID is set
> > > > > > for a task via the AUDIT_CONTAINER_INFO auxiliary record.  Generally a
> > > > > > syscall event is one that uses the task's audit_context while a
> > > > > > standalone event uses NULL or builds a local audit_context that is
> > > > > > discarded immediately after the local use.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Looking at the two cases of AUDIT_INTEGRITY_RULE record generation, it
> > > > > > appears that they should be split into two distinct audit record types.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > The record created in ima_audit_measurement() is a syscall record that
> > > > > > could possibly stand on its own since the subject attributes are
> > > > > > present.  If it remains a syscall auxiliary record it will automatically
> > > > > > have the AUDIT_CONTAINER_INFO record accompany it anyways.  If it is
> > > > > > decided to detach it (which would save cpu/netlink/disk bandwidth but is
> > > > > > not recommended due to not wanting to throw away any other syscall
> > > > > > information or other involved records (PATH, CWD, etc...) then a local
> > > > > > audit_context would be created for the AUDIT_INTEGRITY_RULE and
> > > > > > AUDIT_CONTAINERID_INFO records only and immediately discarded.
> > > > > What does 'detach it' mean? Does it mean we're not using
> > > > > current->audit_context?
> > > > Exactly.
> > > > 
> > > > > > The record created in ima_parse_rule() is not currently a syscall record
> > > > > > since it is passed an audit_context of NULL and it has a very different
> > > > > > format that does not include any subject attributes (except subj_*=).
> > > > > > At first glance it appears this one should be a syscall accompanied
> > > > > > auxiliary record.  Either way it should have an AUDIT_CONTAINER_INFO
> > > > > Do you have an example (pointer) to the format for a 'syscall accompanied
> > > > > auxiliary record'?
> > > > Any that uses current->audit_context (or recently proposed
> > > > audit_context() function) will be a syscall auxiliary record.  Well
> > > > formed record formats are <fieldname>=<value> and named as listed:
> > > > 
> > > > 	https://github.com/linux-audit/audit-documentation/wiki/SPEC-Writing-Good-Events
> > > > 	https://github.com/linux-audit/audit-documentation/blob/master/specs/fields/field-dictionary.csv
> > > > 	
> > > > > > auxiliary record either by being converted to a syscall auxiliary record
> > > > > > by using current->audit_context rather than NULL when calling
> > > > > > audit_log_start(), or creating a local audit_context and calling
> > > > > ima_parse_rule() is invoked when setting a policy by writing it into
> > > > > /sys/kernel/security/ima/policy. We unfortunately don't have the
> > > > > current->audit_context in this case.
> > > > Sure you do.  What process writes to that file?  That's the one we care
> > > > about, unless it is somehow handed off to a queue and processed later in
> > > > a different context.
> > > I just printk'd it again. current->audit_context is NULL in this case.
> > Oops, that sounds like some of the netfilter empty table
> > initializations, whereas usually rules have a user actor.
> 
> So it's a bug elsewhere not a 'feature?'

Er, it is a challenge we're aware of and have already solved a number of
them.

What happens if you boot with "audit=1" on the kernel command line?

> > > > > > audit_log_container_info() then releasing the local context.  This
> > > > > > version of the record has additional concerns covered here:
> > > > > > https://github.com/linux-audit/audit-kernel/issues/52
> > > > > Following the discussion there and the concern with breaking user space, how
> > > > > can we split up the AUDIT_INTEGRITY_RULE that is used in
> > > > > ima_audit_measurement() and ima_parse_rule(), without 'breaking user space'?
> > > > Arguably userspace is already broken by this wildly diverging pair of
> > > > formats for the same record.
> > > > 
> > > > > A message produced by ima_parse_rule() looks like this here:
> > > > > 
> > > > > type=INTEGRITY_RULE msg=audit(1526566213.870:305): action="dont_measure"
> > > > > fsmagic="0x9fa0" res=1
> > > > > 
> > > > > in contrast to that an INTEGRITY_PCR record type:
> > > > > 
> > > > > type=INTEGRITY_PCR msg=audit(1526566235.193:334): pid=1615 uid=0 auid=0
> > > > > ses=2 subj=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023
> > > > > op="invalid_pcr" cause="open_writers" comm="scp"
> > > > > name="/var/log/audit/audit.log" dev="dm-0" ino=1962625 res=1
> > > > > 
> > > > > Should some of the fields from INTEGRITY_PCR also appear in INTEGRITY_RULE?
> > > > Not necessarily.  There are a number of records in the PCR record that
> > > > would be redundant when connected to a syscall record, but removing them
> > > > is discouraged to avoid breaking parsers that expect them.
> > > > 
> > > > I don't see any need to touch the PCR record.
> > > I wasn't going to touch the PCR record.
> > > 
> > > 
> > > > > If so, which ones? We could probably refactor the current
> > > > > integrity_audit_message() and have ima_parse_rule() call into it to get
> > > > > those fields as well. I suppose adding new fields to it wouldn't be
> > > > > considered breaking user space?
> > > > Changing the order of existing fields or inserting fields could break
> > > > stuff and is strongly discouraged without a good reason, but appending
> > > > fields is usually the right way to add information.
> > > > 
> > > > There are exceptions, and in this case, I'd pick the "more standard" of
> > > > the formats for AUDIT_INTEGRITY_RULE (ima_audit_measurement?) and stick
> > > > with that, abandoning the other format, renaming the less standard
> > > > version of the record (ima_parse_rule?) and perhpas adopting that
> > > > abandonned format for the new record type while using
> > > > current->audit_context.
> > > Since current->audit_context is NULL I built on your patch, but I am not
> > > sure whether it is justifyable to use that before your container id series
> > > is applied.
> > > 
> > > This is what ima_parse_rule() produces now after having it call
> > > audit_log_task_info() as well and by introducing 1806 for ima_parse_rule()
> > > only ( https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/5/11/386 ):
> > > 
> > > type=UNKNOWN[1806] msg=audit(1526643702.328:304): action="dont_measure"
> > > fsmagic="0x9fa0" res=1 ppid=1563 pid=1595 auid=0 uid=0 gid=0 euid=0 suid=0
> > > fsuid=0 egid=0 sgid=0 fsgid=0 tty=tty2 ses=2 comm="cat" exe="/usr/bin/cat"
> > > subj=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023
> > > 
> > > [before: type=INTEGRITY_RULE msg=audit(1526566213.870:305):
> > > action="dont_measure" fsmagic="0x9fa0" res=1]
> > Since this appears to be a a user action, use current->audit_context
> > to make it a syscall auxiliary record rather than adding all these
> > redundant fields.
> 
> Sure, once we have a non-NULL pointer in current->audit_context I'd do that.
> 
> > 
> > > For comparison the INTEGRITY_RULE:
> > > 
> > > type=INTEGRITY_RULE msg=audit(1526642504.074:331): file="/usr/bin/ssh" hash="sha256:4abc2558424b9ca61c34af43169d9b9e174d7825bf60c9c76be377549081db5b"
> > > ppid=1623 pid=1624 auid=0 uid=0 gid=0 euid=0 suid=0 fsuid=0 egid=0 sgid=0
> > > fsgid=0 tty=tty2 ses=2 comm="scp" exe="/usr/bin/scp"
> > > subj=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023
> > > 
> > > 
> > > 1806 would be in sync with INTEGRITY_RULE now for process related info. If
> > > this looks good, I'll remove the dependency on your local context creation
> > > and post the series.
> > What would be the macro name for 1806?
> 
> I currently work with AUDIT_INTEGRITY_POLICY_RULE.
> 
> 
> > 
> > > The justification for the change is that the INTEGRITY_RULE, as produced by
> > > ima_parse_rule(), is broken.
> > > 
> > >  ??? Stefan
> > > 
> > > 
> > > > Does this help?
> > > > 
> > > > >   ??? Stefan
> > > > > 
> > > > > > Can you briefly describe the circumstances under which these two
> > > > > > different identically-numbered records are produced as a first step
> > > > > > towards splitting them into two distict records?
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > The four AUDIT_INTEGRITY _METADATA, _PCR, _DATA and _STATUS records
> > > > > > appear to be already properly covered for AUDIT_CONTAINER_INFO records
> > > > > > by being syscall auxiliary records.  The AUDIT_INTEGRITY_HASH record
> > > > > > appears to be unused.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > Can you suggest a procedure to test it?
> > > > > > > Like IMA-measurement and IMA-appraisal, IMA-audit is enabled based on
> > > > > > > policy. The example IMA policy, below, includes IMA-audit messages for
> > > > > > > files executed. 'cat' the policy to /sys/kernel/security/ima/policy.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > /etc/ima/ima-policy:
> > > > > > > audit func=BPRM_CHECK
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > There's a FireEye blog titled "Extending Linux Executable Logging With
> > > > > > > The Integrity Measurement Architecture"* that explains how to augment
> > > > > > > their existing system security analytics with file hashes.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > *?https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2016/11/extending_linux
> > > > > > > _exec.html
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Mimi
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > > If the containerid is defined, include it in the IMA-audit record.
> > > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > > Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
> > > > > > > > > ---
> > > > > > > > >     security/integrity/ima/ima_api.c | 3 +++
> > > > > > > > >     1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)
> > > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > > diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/ima_api.c b/security/integrity/ima/ima_api.c
> > > > > > > > > index 33b4458cdbef..41d29a06f28f 100644
> > > > > > > > > --- a/security/integrity/ima/ima_api.c
> > > > > > > > > +++ b/security/integrity/ima/ima_api.c
> > > > > > > > > @@ -335,6 +335,9 @@ void ima_audit_measurement(struct integrity_iint_cache *iint,
> > > > > > > > >     	audit_log_untrustedstring(ab, algo_hash);
> > > > > > > > >     	audit_log_task_info(ab, current);
> > > > > > > > > +	if (audit_containerid_set(current))
> > > > > > > > > +		audit_log_format(ab, " contid=%llu",
> > > > > > > > > +				 audit_get_containerid(current));
> > > > > > > > >     	audit_log_end(ab);
> > > > > > > > >     	iint->flags |= IMA_AUDITED;
> > > > > > > > > -- 
> > > > > > > > > 2.7.5
> > > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > - RGB
> > > > > > - RGB
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > --
> > > > > > Richard Guy Briggs <rgb@redhat.com>
> > > > > > Sr. S/W Engineer, Kernel Security, Base Operating Systems
> > > > > > Remote, Ottawa, Red Hat Canada
> > > > > > IRC: rgb, SunRaycer
> > > > > > Voice: +1.647.777.2635, Internal: (81) 32635
> > > > > > 
> > > > - RGB
> > > > 
> > > > --
> > > > Richard Guy Briggs <rgb@redhat.com>
> > > > Sr. S/W Engineer, Kernel Security, Base Operating Systems
> > > > Remote, Ottawa, Red Hat Canada
> > > > IRC: rgb, SunRaycer
> > > > Voice: +1.647.777.2635, Internal: (81) 32635
> > > > 
> > - RGB
> > 
> > --
> > Richard Guy Briggs <rgb@redhat.com>
> > Sr. S/W Engineer, Kernel Security, Base Operating Systems
> > Remote, Ottawa, Red Hat Canada
> > IRC: rgb, SunRaycer
> > Voice: +1.647.777.2635, Internal: (81) 32635
> > 
> 

- RGB

--
Richard Guy Briggs <rgb@redhat.com>
Sr. S/W Engineer, Kernel Security, Base Operating Systems
Remote, Ottawa, Red Hat Canada
IRC: rgb, SunRaycer
Voice: +1.647.777.2635, Internal: (81) 32635