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Subject: Re: [RFC v6 PATCH 2/2] mm: mmap: zap pages with read mmap_sem in
 munmap
To:     Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc:     willy@infradead.org, ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com,
        kirill@shutemov.name, akpm@linux-foundation.org,
        linux-mm@kvack.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
References: <1532628614-111702-1-git-send-email-yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
 <1532628614-111702-3-git-send-email-yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
 <20180803090759.GI27245@dhcp22.suse.cz>
 <aff7e86d-2e48-ff58-5d5d-9c67deb68674@linux.alibaba.com>
 <20180806094005.GG19540@dhcp22.suse.cz>
From:   Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Message-ID: <76c0fc2b-fca7-9f22-214a-920ee2537898@linux.alibaba.com>
Date:   Mon, 6 Aug 2018 09:46:30 -0700
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On 8/6/18 2:40 AM, Michal Hocko wrote:
> On Fri 03-08-18 14:01:58, Yang Shi wrote:
>>
>> On 8/3/18 2:07 AM, Michal Hocko wrote:
>>> On Fri 27-07-18 02:10:14, Yang Shi wrote:
>>>> When running some mmap/munmap scalability tests with large memory (i.e.
>>>>> 300GB), the below hung task issue may happen occasionally.
>>>> INFO: task ps:14018 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
>>>>          Tainted: G            E 4.9.79-009.ali3000.alios7.x86_64 #1
>>>>    "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this
>>>> message.
>>>>    ps              D    0 14018      1 0x00000004
>>>>     ffff885582f84000 ffff885e8682f000 ffff880972943000 ffff885ebf499bc0
>>>>     ffff8828ee120000 ffffc900349bfca8 ffffffff817154d0 0000000000000040
>>>>     00ffffff812f872a ffff885ebf499bc0 024000d000948300 ffff880972943000
>>>>    Call Trace:
>>>>     [<ffffffff817154d0>] ? __schedule+0x250/0x730
>>>>     [<ffffffff817159e6>] schedule+0x36/0x80
>>>>     [<ffffffff81718560>] rwsem_down_read_failed+0xf0/0x150
>>>>     [<ffffffff81390a28>] call_rwsem_down_read_failed+0x18/0x30
>>>>     [<ffffffff81717db0>] down_read+0x20/0x40
>>>>     [<ffffffff812b9439>] proc_pid_cmdline_read+0xd9/0x4e0
>>>>     [<ffffffff81253c95>] ? do_filp_open+0xa5/0x100
>>>>     [<ffffffff81241d87>] __vfs_read+0x37/0x150
>>>>     [<ffffffff812f824b>] ? security_file_permission+0x9b/0xc0
>>>>     [<ffffffff81242266>] vfs_read+0x96/0x130
>>>>     [<ffffffff812437b5>] SyS_read+0x55/0xc0
>>>>     [<ffffffff8171a6da>] entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1a/0xc5
>>>>
>>>> It is because munmap holds mmap_sem exclusively from very beginning to
>>>> all the way down to the end, and doesn't release it in the middle. When
>>>> unmapping large mapping, it may take long time (take ~18 seconds to
>>>> unmap 320GB mapping with every single page mapped on an idle machine).
>>>>
>>>> Zapping pages is the most time consuming part, according to the
>>>> suggestion from Michal Hocko [1], zapping pages can be done with holding
>>>> read mmap_sem, like what MADV_DONTNEED does. Then re-acquire write
>>>> mmap_sem to cleanup vmas.
>>>>
>>>> But, some part may need write mmap_sem, for example, vma splitting. So,
>>>> the design is as follows:
>>>>           acquire write mmap_sem
>>>>           lookup vmas (find and split vmas)
>>>> 	detach vmas
>>>>           deal with special mappings
>>>>           downgrade_write
>>>>
>>>>           zap pages
>>>> 	free page tables
>>>>           release mmap_sem
>>>>
>>>> The vm events with read mmap_sem may come in during page zapping, but
>>>> since vmas have been detached before, they, i.e. page fault, gup, etc,
>>>> will not be able to find valid vma, then just return SIGSEGV or -EFAULT
>>>> as expected.
>>>>
>>>> If the vma has VM_LOCKED | VM_HUGETLB | VM_PFNMAP or uprobe, they are
>>>> considered as special mappings. They will be dealt with before zapping
>>>> pages with write mmap_sem held. Basically, just update vm_flags.
>>> Well, I think it would be safer to simply fallback to the current
>>> implementation with these mappings and deal with them on top. This would
>>> make potential issues easier to bisect and partial reverts as well.
>> Do you mean just call do_munmap()? It sounds ok. Although we may waste some
>> cycles to repeat what has done, it sounds not too bad since those special
>> mappings should be not very common.
> VM_HUGETLB is quite spread. Especially for DB workloads.

Wait a minute. In this way, it sounds we go back to my old 
implementation with special handling for those mappings with write 
mmap_sem held, right?

>
>>>> And, since they are also manipulated by unmap_single_vma() which is
>>>> called by unmap_vma() with read mmap_sem held in this case, to
>>>> prevent from updating vm_flags in read critical section, a new
>>>> parameter, called "skip_flags" is added to unmap_region(), unmap_vmas()
>>>> and unmap_single_vma(). If it is true, then just skip unmap those
>>>> special mappings. Currently, the only place which pass true to this
>>>> parameter is us.
>>> skip parameters are usually ugly and lead to more mess later on. Can we
>>> do without them?
>> We need a way to tell unmap_region() that it is called in a kind of special
>> context which updating vm_flags is not allowed. I didn't think of a better
>> way.
>>
>> We could add a new API to do what unmap_region() does without updating
>> vm_flags, but we would have to  duplicate some code.
> I really didn't get to think about a better way myself but I strongly
> suspect we can do without special hacks here. Is updating flags under
> read lock a real problem? Assuming that special mappings are not really
> considered at this stage.

In normal case, I don't think vm_flags can be updated with read 
mmap_sem, but in this patch the vmas have been detached from the rb 
tree, nobody can find them anymore (I'm supposed all vma looking up is 
done by find_vma), so it might be safe to update vm_flags with read 
mmap_sem.

If it is safe, we don't have to have any special handling to those 
special mappings anymore.

>
>>>> With this approach we don't have to re-acquire mmap_sem again to clean
>>>> up vmas to avoid race window which might get the address space changed.
>>> By with this approach you mean detaching right?
>> Yes, the detaching approach.
> Please make it explicit in the changelog.

Sure.

>   
>>>> And, since the lock acquire/release cost is managed to the minimum and
>>>> almost as same as before, the optimization could be extended to any size
>>>> of mapping without incurring significant penalty to small mappings.
>>> I guess you mean to say that lock downgrade approach doesn't lead to
>>> regressions because the overal time mmap_sem is taken is not longer?
>> Yes. And, there is not lock take/retake cost since we don't release it.
> Please also be explicit.

Sure.

>   
>>>> For the time being, just do this in munmap syscall path. Other
>>>> vm_munmap() or do_munmap() call sites (i.e mmap, mremap, etc) remain
>>>> intact for stability reason.
>>> You have used this argument previously and several people have asked.
>>> I think it is just wrong. Either the concept is safe and all callers can
>>> use it or it is not and then those subtle differences should be called
>>> out. Your previous response was that you simply haven't tested other
>>> paths. Well, that is not an argument, I am afraid. The whole thing
>>> should be done at a proper layer. If there are some difficulties to
>>> achieve that for all callers then OK just be explicit about that. I can
>>> imagine some callers really require the exclusive look when munmap
>>> returns for example.
>> Yes, the statement here sounds ambiguous. There are definitely some
>> difficulties to achieve that in mmap and mremap. Since they acquire write
>> mmap_sem at the very beginning, then do their stuff, which may call
>> do_munmap if overlapped address space has to be changed.
> Do call them out. Maybe even add a comment in the code so that people
> who would like those other paths know what they need to look at.

OK

>
>> But, the optimized do_munmap would like to be called without mmap_sem held
>> so that we can do the optimization. So, if we want to do the similar
>> optimization for mmap/mremap path, I'm afraid we would have to redesign
>> them.
>>
>> I assumes munmap itself is the main source of the latency issue. mmap/mremap
>> might hit the latency problem if they are trying to map or remap a huge
>> overlapped address space, but it should be rare. So, I leave them untouched.
> That depends on usecases very much. mremap might be called on very large
> areas as well. But let's go in smaller steps and build on top...

Yes, agree. And, I agree to achieve it step by step.

Thanks,
Yang