Return-Path: Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S261712AbUKABg2 (ORCPT ); Sun, 31 Oct 2004 20:36:28 -0500 Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org id S261500AbUKABg1 (ORCPT ); Sun, 31 Oct 2004 20:36:27 -0500 Received: from alog0114.analogic.com ([208.224.220.129]:10112 "EHLO chaos.analogic.com") by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S261715AbUKABf1 (ORCPT ); Sun, 31 Oct 2004 20:35:27 -0500 Date: Sun, 31 Oct 2004 20:31:40 -0500 (EST) From: linux-os Reply-To: linux-os@analogic.com To: Linus Torvalds cc: Andreas Steinmetz , Kernel Mailing List , Richard Henderson , Andi Kleen , Andrew Morton , Jan Hubicka Subject: Re: Semaphore assembly-code bug In-Reply-To: Message-ID: References: <417550FB.8020404@drdos.com> <1098218286.8675.82.camel@mentorng.gurulabs.com> <41757478.4090402@drdos.com> <20041020034524.GD10638@michonline.com> <1098245904.23628.84.camel@krustophenia.net> <1098247307.23628.91.camel@krustophenia.net> <41826A7E.6020801@domdv.de> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: MULTIPART/MIXED; BOUNDARY="1678434306-666545155-1099272700=:19538" Sender: linux-kernel-owner@vger.kernel.org X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Content-Length: 12329 Lines: 252 This message is in MIME format. The first part should be readable text, while the remaining parts are likely unreadable without MIME-aware tools. --1678434306-666545155-1099272700=:19538 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII; format=flowed On Fri, 29 Oct 2004, Linus Torvalds wrote: > > > On Fri, 29 Oct 2004, linux-os wrote: >> >> Linus, there is no way in hell that you are going to move >> a value from memory into a register (pop ecx) faster than >> you are going to do anything to the stack-pointer or >> any other register. > > Sorry, but you're wrong. I am not wrong. I don't understand anything about your theoretical CPU with the magic stack engine. Anything I can get my hands on functions exactly as I described and exactly as would be expected. We work with real hardware here and I have to test it as part of my job. And, FYI, I spend all my working time trying to get the last iota of performance out of ix86 CPUS. Since I can only read publicly available documentation, I have to test code in actual operation. The attached file shows that the Intel Pentium 4 runs exactly as I described. Further, there is no difference in the CPU clocks used when adding a constant to the stack- pointer or using LEA. It also shows that poping stack-data into the same register twice, as you suggested, takes the same time as using a different register. Timer overhead = 88 CPU clocks push 3, pop 3 = 12 CPU clocks push 3, pop 2 = 12 CPU clocks push 3, pop 1 = 12 CPU clocks push 3, pop none using ADD = 8 CPU clocks push 3, pop none using LEA = 8 CPU clocks push 3, pop into same register = 12 CPU clocks The code uses a separate assembly-language file so that the 'C' compiler can't optimize-away what I am measuring. It also saves and uses the shortest number of CPU cycles so the code doesn't have to execute with the interrupts OFF to get a stable reading. > > Learn about modern CPU's some day, and realize that cached accesses are > fast, and pipeline stalls are relatively much more expensive. > That's what I do, and that's what I teach. > Now, if it was uncached, you'd have a point. > > Also think about why > > call xxx > jmp yy > > is often much faster than > > push $yy > jmp xxx > > and other small interesting facts about how CPU's actually work these > days. > > Linus > Cheers, Dick Johnson Penguin : Linux version 2.6.9 on an i686 machine (5537.79 BogoMips). 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