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Subject: Re: [PATCH 3/3] memory: introduce an option to force onlining of
 hotplug memory
To:     =?UTF-8?Q?Roger_Pau_Monn=c3=a9?= <roger.pau@citrix.com>
Cc:     David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
        Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>,
        Stefano Stabellini <sstabellini@kernel.org>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
        xen-devel@lists.xenproject.org, linux-mm@kvack.org
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Date:   Thu, 23 Jul 2020 15:49:26 +0200
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On 23.07.20 15:39, Roger Pau Monné wrote:
> On Thu, Jul 23, 2020 at 03:20:55PM +0200, Jürgen Groß wrote:
>> On 23.07.20 15:08, Roger Pau Monné wrote:
>>> On Thu, Jul 23, 2020 at 02:28:13PM +0200, Jürgen Groß wrote:
>>>> On 23.07.20 14:23, Roger Pau Monné wrote:
>>>>> On Thu, Jul 23, 2020 at 01:37:03PM +0200, David Hildenbrand wrote:
>>>>>> On 23.07.20 10:45, Roger Pau Monne wrote:
>>>>>>> Add an extra option to add_memory_resource that overrides the memory
>>>>>>> hotplug online behavior in order to force onlining of memory from
>>>>>>> add_memory_resource unconditionally.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> This is required for the Xen balloon driver, that must run the
>>>>>>> online page callback in order to correctly process the newly added
>>>>>>> memory region, note this is an unpopulated region that is used by Linux
>>>>>>> to either hotplug RAM or to map foreign pages from other domains, and
>>>>>>> hence memory hotplug when running on Xen can be used even without the
>>>>>>> user explicitly requesting it, as part of the normal operations of the
>>>>>>> OS when attempting to map memory from a different domain.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Setting a different default value of memhp_default_online_type when
>>>>>>> attaching the balloon driver is not a robust solution, as the user (or
>>>>>>> distro init scripts) could still change it and thus break the Xen
>>>>>>> balloon driver.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> I think we discussed this a couple of times before (even triggered by my
>>>>>> request), and this is responsibility of user space to configure. Usually
>>>>>> distros have udev rules to online memory automatically. Especially, user
>>>>>> space should eb able to configure *how* to online memory.
>>>>>
>>>>> Note (as per the commit message) that in the specific case I'm
>>>>> referring to the memory hotplugged by the Xen balloon driver will be
>>>>> an unpopulated range to be used internally by certain Xen subsystems,
>>>>> like the xen-blkback or the privcmd drivers. The addition of such
>>>>> blocks of (unpopulated) memory can happen without the user explicitly
>>>>> requesting it, and hence not even aware such hotplug process is taking
>>>>> place. To be clear: no actual RAM will be added to the system.
>>>>>
>>>>> Failure to online such blocks using the Xen specific online handler
>>>>> (which does not handle back the memory to the allocator in any way)
>>>>> will result in the system getting stuck and malfunctioning.
>>>>>
>>>>>> It's the admin/distro responsibility to configure this properly. In case
>>>>>> this doesn't happen (or as you say, users change it), bad luck.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> E.g., virtio-mem takes care to not add more memory in case it is not
>>>>>> getting onlined. I remember hyper-v has similar code to at least wait a
>>>>>> bit for memory to get onlined.
>>>>>
>>>>> I don't think VirtIO or Hyper-V use the hotplug system in the same way
>>>>> as Xen, as said this is done to add unpopulated memory regions that
>>>>> will be used to map foreign memory (from other domains) by Xen drivers
>>>>> on the system.
>>>>>
>>>>> Maybe this should somehow use a different mechanism to hotplug such
>>>>> empty memory blocks? I don't mind doing this differently, but I would
>>>>> need some pointers. Allowing user-space to change a (seemingly
>>>>> unrelated) parameter and as a result produce failures on Xen drivers
>>>>> is not an acceptable solution IMO.
>>>>
>>>> Maybe we can use the same approach as Xen PV-domains: pre-allocate a
>>>> region in the memory map to be used for mapping foreign pages. For the
>>>> kernel it will look like pre-ballooned memory, so it will create struct
>>>> page for the region (which is what we are after), but it won't give the
>>>> memory to the allocator.
>>>
>>> IMO using something similar to memory hotplug would give us more
>>> flexibility, and TBH the logic is already there in the balloon driver.
>>> It seems quite wasteful to allocate such region(s) beforehand for all
>>> domains, even when most of them won't end up using foreign mappings at
>>> all.
>>
>> We can do it for dom0 only per default, and add a boot parameter e.g.
>> for driver domains.
>>
>> And the logic is already there (just pv-only right now).
>>
>>>
>>> Anyway, I'm going to take a look at how to do that, I guess it's going
>>> to involve playing with the memory map and reserving some space.
>>
>> Look at arch/x86/xen/setup.c (xen_add_extra_mem() and its usage).
> 
> Yes, I've taken a look. It's my rough understanding that I would need
> to add a hook for HVM/PVH that modifies the memory map in order to add
> an extra region (or regions) that would be marked as reserved using
> memblock_reserve by xen_add_extra_mem.
> 
> Adding such hook for PVH guests booted using the PVH entry point and
> fetching the memory map using the hypercall interface
> (mem_map_via_hcall) seems feasible, however I'm not sure dealing with
> other guests types is that easy.

I think for dom0 we can just use the existing logic using the host
memory map for selecting which region to use (possibly the size could
be specified as boot parameter in order to overwrite the default).

For domUs we'd need a boot parameter specifying either just the size
(resulting in a possible clash in case of pci passthrough) or
specifying the guest physical region for that additional area.

> 
>>>
>>> I suggest we should remove the Xen balloon hotplug logic, as it's not
>>> working properly and we don't have a plan to fix it.
>>
>> I have used memory hotplug successfully not very long ago.
> 
> Right, but it requires a certain set of enabled options, which IMO is
> not obvious. For example enabling xen_hotplug_unpopulated without also
> setting the default memory hotplug policy to online the added blocks
> will result in processes getting stuck. This is IMO too fragile.

Yes, memory hotplug is an item on my todo-list for some years now.


Juergen