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From:   SeongJae Park <sjpark@amazon.com>
To:     Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
CC:     Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>, Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>,
        Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>,
        Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com>,
        Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>,
        David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>,
        =?UTF-8?q?Michal=20Koutn=C3=BD?= <mkoutny@suse.com>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
        <linux-mm@kvack.org>, <cgroups@vger.kernel.org>,
        <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] memcg: introduce per-memcg reclaim interface
Date:   Thu, 10 Sep 2020 08:36:56 +0200
Message-ID: <20200910063656.25038-1-sjpark@amazon.com>
In-Reply-To: <20200909215752.1725525-1-shakeelb@google.com>
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On 2020-09-09T14:57:52-07:00 Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> wrote:

> Introduce an memcg interface to trigger memory reclaim on a memory cgroup.
> 
> Use cases:
> ----------
> 
> 1) Per-memcg uswapd:
> 
> Usually applications consists of combination of latency sensitive and
> latency tolerant tasks. For example, tasks serving user requests vs
> tasks doing data backup for a database application. At the moment the
> kernel does not differentiate between such tasks when the application
> hits the memcg limits. So, potentially a latency sensitive user facing
> task can get stuck in high reclaim and be throttled by the kernel.
> 
> Similarly there are cases of single process applications having two set
> of thread pools where threads from one pool have high scheduling
> priority and low latency requirement. One concrete example from our
> production is the VMM which have high priority low latency thread pool
> for the VCPUs while separate thread pool for stats reporting, I/O
> emulation, health checks and other managerial operations. The kernel
> memory reclaim does not differentiate between VCPU thread or a
> non-latency sensitive thread and a VCPU thread can get stuck in high
> reclaim.
> 
> One way to resolve this issue is to preemptively trigger the memory
> reclaim from a latency tolerant task (uswapd) when the application is
> near the limits. Finding 'near the limits' situation is an orthogonal
> problem.
> 
> 2) Proactive reclaim:
> 
> This is a similar to the previous use-case, the difference is instead of
> waiting for the application to be near its limit to trigger memory
> reclaim, continuously pressuring the memcg to reclaim a small amount of
> memory. This gives more accurate and uptodate workingset estimation as
> the LRUs are continuously sorted and can potentially provide more
> deterministic memory overcommit behavior. The memory overcommit
> controller can provide more proactive response to the changing behavior
> of the running applications instead of being reactive.
> 
> Benefit of user space solution:
> -------------------------------
> 
> 1) More flexible on who should be charged for the cpu of the memory
> reclaim. For proactive reclaim, it makes more sense to centralized the
> overhead while for uswapd, it makes more sense for the application to
> pay for the cpu of the memory reclaim.
> 
> 2) More flexible on dedicating the resources (like cpu). The memory
> overcommit controller can balance the cost between the cpu usage and
> the memory reclaimed.
> 
> 3) Provides a way to the applications to keep their LRUs sorted, so,
> under memory pressure better reclaim candidates are selected. This also
> gives more accurate and uptodate notion of working set for an
> application.
> 
> Questions:
> ----------
> 
> 1) Why memory.high is not enough?
> 
> memory.high can be used to trigger reclaim in a memcg and can
> potentially be used for proactive reclaim as well as uswapd use cases.
> However there is a big negative in using memory.high. It can potentially
> introduce high reclaim stalls in the target application as the
> allocations from the processes or the threads of the application can hit
> the temporary memory.high limit.
> 
> Another issue with memory.high is that it is not delegatable. To
> actually use this interface for uswapd, the application has to introduce
> another layer of cgroup on whose memory.high it has write access.
> 
> 2) Why uswapd safe from self induced reclaim?
> 
> This is very similar to the scenario of oomd under global memory
> pressure. We can use the similar mechanisms to protect uswapd from self
> induced reclaim i.e. memory.min and mlock.
> 
> Interface options:
> ------------------
> 
> Introducing a very simple memcg interface 'echo 10M > memory.reclaim' to
> trigger reclaim in the target memory cgroup.
> 
> In future we might want to reclaim specific type of memory from a memcg,
> so, this interface can be extended to allow that. e.g.
> 
> $ echo 10M [all|anon|file|kmem] > memory.reclaim
> 
> However that should be when we have concrete use-cases for such
> functionality. Keep things simple for now.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
> ---
>  Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst |  9 ++++++
>  mm/memcontrol.c                         | 37 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  2 files changed, 46 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst
> index 6be43781ec7f..58d70b5989d7 100644
> --- a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst
> +++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst
> @@ -1181,6 +1181,15 @@ PAGE_SIZE multiple when read back.
>  	high limit is used and monitored properly, this limit's
>  	utility is limited to providing the final safety net.
>  
> +  memory.reclaim
> +	A write-only file which exists on non-root cgroups.
> +
> +	This is a simple interface to trigger memory reclaim in the
> +	target cgroup. Write the number of bytes to reclaim to this
> +	file and the kernel will try to reclaim that much memory.
> +	Please note that the kernel can over or under reclaim from
> +	the target cgroup.
> +
>    memory.oom.group
>  	A read-write single value file which exists on non-root
>  	cgroups.  The default value is "0".
> diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
> index 75cd1a1e66c8..2d006c36d7f3 100644
> --- a/mm/memcontrol.c
> +++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
> @@ -6456,6 +6456,38 @@ static ssize_t memory_oom_group_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of,
>  	return nbytes;
>  }
>  
> +static ssize_t memory_reclaim(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf,
> +			      size_t nbytes, loff_t off)
> +{
> +	struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(of_css(of));
> +	unsigned int nr_retries = MAX_RECLAIM_RETRIES;
> +	unsigned long nr_to_reclaim, nr_reclaimed = 0;
> +	int err;
> +
> +	buf = strstrip(buf);
> +	err = page_counter_memparse(buf, "", &nr_to_reclaim);
> +	if (err)
> +		return err;
> +
> +	while (nr_reclaimed < nr_to_reclaim) {
> +		unsigned long reclaimed;
> +
> +		if (signal_pending(current))
> +			break;
> +
> +		reclaimed = try_to_free_mem_cgroup_pages(memcg,
> +						nr_to_reclaim - nr_reclaimed,
> +						GFP_KERNEL, true);
> +
> +		if (!reclaimed && !nr_retries--)
> +			break;

Shouldn't the if condition use '||' instead of '&&'?  I think it could be
easier to read if we put the 'nr_retires' condition in the while condition as
below (just my personal preference, though).

    while (nr_reclaimed < nr_to_reclaim && nr_retires--)


Thanks,
SeongJae Park