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Subject: Re: [PATCH v8 0/6] Support running driver's probe for a device
 powered off
To:     Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Cc:     linux-i2c@vger.kernel.org, Wolfram Sang <wsa@the-dreams.de>,
        "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>,
        linux-acpi@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
        Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>,
        rajmohan.mani@intel.com, Tomasz Figa <tfiga@chromium.org>,
        Bartosz Golaszewski <bgolaszewski@baylibre.com>,
        Bingbu Cao <bingbu.cao@intel.com>,
        Chiranjeevi Rapolu <chiranjeevi.rapolu@intel.com>,
        Hyungwoo Yang <hyungwoo.yang@intel.com>,
        linux-media@vger.kernel.org
References: <20200903081550.6012-1-sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
 <f4b82baa-66b7-464e-fd39-66d2243a05ef@lucaceresoli.net>
 <20200911130104.GF26842@paasikivi.fi.intel.com>
 <6dea1206-cfaa-bfc5-d57e-4dcddadc03c7@lucaceresoli.net>
 <20200914094727.GM26842@paasikivi.fi.intel.com>
 <de017bfd-8908-f5ba-afa7-469a0059a5a7@lucaceresoli.net>
 <20200923110856.GP26842@paasikivi.fi.intel.com>
From:   Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Message-ID: <f08e9ea3-27d6-019c-6571-58f1a3b76045@lucaceresoli.net>
Date:   Wed, 23 Sep 2020 17:37:53 +0200
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Hi Sakari,

On 23/09/20 13:08, Sakari Ailus wrote:
> Hi Luca,
> 
> On Mon, Sep 14, 2020 at 06:49:29PM +0200, Luca Ceresoli wrote:
>> Hi Sakari,
>>
>> On 14/09/20 11:47, Sakari Ailus wrote:
>>> Hi Luca,
>>>
>>> On Mon, Sep 14, 2020 at 09:58:24AM +0200, Luca Ceresoli wrote:
>>>> Hi Sakari,
>>>>
>>>> On 11/09/20 15:01, Sakari Ailus wrote:
>>>>> Hi Luca,
>>>>>
>>>>> On Fri, Sep 11, 2020 at 02:49:26PM +0200, Luca Ceresoli wrote:
>>>>>> Hi Sakari,
>>>>>>
>>>>>> On 03/09/20 10:15, Sakari Ailus wrote:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Hi all,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> These patches enable calling (and finishing) a driver's probe function
>>>>>>> without powering on the respective device on busses where the practice is
>>>>>>> to power on the device for probe. While it generally is a driver's job to
>>>>>>> check the that the device is there, there are cases where it might be
>>>>>>> undesirable. (In this case it stems from a combination of hardware design
>>>>>>> and user expectations; see below.) The downside with this change is that
>>>>>>> if there is something wrong with the device, it will only be found at the
>>>>>>> time the device is used. In this case (the camera sensors + EEPROM in a
>>>>>>> sensor) I don't see any tangible harm from that though.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> An indication both from the driver and the firmware is required to allow
>>>>>>> the device's power state to remain off during probe (see the first patch).
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> The use case is such that there is a privacy LED next to an integrated
>>>>>>> user-facing laptop camera, and this LED is there to signal the user that
>>>>>>> the camera is recording a video or capturing images. That LED also happens
>>>>>>> to be wired to one of the power supplies of the camera, so whenever you
>>>>>>> power on the camera, the LED will be lit, whether images are captured from
>>>>>>> the camera --- or not. There's no way to implement this differently
>>>>>>> without additional software control (allowing of which is itself a
>>>>>>> hardware design decision) on most CSI-2-connected camera sensors as they
>>>>>>> simply have no pin to signal the camera streaming state.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> This is also what happens during driver probe: the camera will be powered
>>>>>>> on by the I²C subsystem calling dev_pm_domain_attach() and the device is
>>>>>>> already powered on when the driver's own probe function is called. To the
>>>>>>> user this visible during the boot process as a blink of the privacy LED,
>>>>>>> suggesting that the camera is recording without the user having used an
>>>>>>> application to do that. From the end user's point of view the behaviour is
>>>>>>> not expected and for someone unfamiliar with internal workings of a
>>>>>>> computer surely seems quite suspicious --- even if images are not being
>>>>>>> actually captured.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I've tested these on linux-next master. They also apply to Wolfram's
>>>>>>> i2c/for-next branch, there's a patch that affects the I²C core changes
>>>>>>> here (see below). The patches apart from that apply to Bartosz's
>>>>>>> at24/for-next as well as Mauro's linux-media master branch.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Apologies for having joined this discussion this late.
>>>>>
>>>>> No worries. But thanks for the comments.
>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> This patchset seems a good base to cover a different use case, where I
>>>>>> also cannot access the physical device at probe time.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> I'm going to try these patches, but in my case there are a few
>>>>>> differences that need a better understanding.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> First, I'm using device tree, not ACPI. In addition to adding OF support
>>>>>> similar to the work you've done for ACPI, I think instead of
>>>>>> acpi_dev_state_low_power() we should have a function that works for both
>>>>>> ACPI and DT.
>>>>>
>>>>> acpi_dev_state_low_power() is really ACPI specific: it does tell the ACPI
>>>>> power state of the device during probe or remove. It is not needed on DT
>>>>> since the power state of the device is controlled directly by the driver.
>>>>> On I²C ACPI devices, it's the framework that powers them on for probe.
>>>>
>>>> I see, thanks for clarifying. I'm not used to ACPI so I didn't get that.
>>>>
>>>>> You could have a helper function on DT to tell a driver what to do in
>>>>> probe, but the functionality in that case is unrelated.
>>>>
>>>> So in case of DT we might think of a function that just tells whether
>>>> the device is marked to allow low-power probe, but it's just an info
>>>> from DT:
>>>>
>>>> int mydriver_probe(struct i2c_client *client)
>>>> {
>>>> 	...
>>>> 	low_power = of_dev_state_low_power(&client->dev);
>>>> 	if (!low_power) {
>>>> 		mydriver_initialize(); /* power+clocks, write regs */
>>>>  	}
>>>> 	...
>>>> }
>>>>
>>>> ...and, if (low_power), call mydriver_initialize() at first usage.
>>>>
>>>> I'm wondering whether this might make sense in mainline.
>>>
>>> Quite possibly, if there are drivers that would need it.
>>>
>>> The function should probably be called differently though as what it does
>>> is quite different after all.
>>>
>>> Unless... we did the following:
>>>
>>> - Redefine the I²C driver flag added by this patchset into what tells the
>>>   I²C framework whether the driver does its own power management
>>>   independently of the I²C framework. It could be called e.g.
>>>   I2C_DRV_FL_FULL_PM, to indicate the driver is responsible for all power
>>>   management of the device, and the I²C framework would not power on the
>>>   device for probe or remove.
>>>
>>> - Add a firmware function to tell whether the device identification should
>>>   take place during probe or not. For this is what we're really doing here
>>>   from driver's point of view: lazy device probing.
>>
>> Indeed my needs have nothing to do with power management. What I need is
>> lazy device probing as the I2C bus may need time before it can be used.
>> From the driver code point of view it looks similar (there's an if()
>> around initializations in probe() and init is done later if needed), but
>> the usage is different.
>>
>> Another approach would be to add a new I2C driver operation [say
>> init_hw()], then move code for lazy init out of probe() into init_hw().
>> probe() would still allocate resources. init_hw() would be called by the
>> framework (or the controller driver?) when it knows eveything is ready.
>> Just wild thoughts while I'm trying to focus the problem...
> 
> What makes the controller driver not ready to operate the controller when
> the client devices are probed?

I'm working with a camera module connected via a serializer/deserializer
chip pair, and the link can go away and get back at any moment for
various reasons: mechanical, electromagnetic, cable not connected etc.
This scenario is not well handled with current kernel structures, so I'm
handling it partially with some local hacks but I'm always curious about
any possible kernel improvement that can improve the situation.

See these links for some info about my troubles:
https://lucaceresoli.net/plumbers-i2c-bof/
https://elinux.org/images/f/fc/Ceresoli-elce2019-video-serdes-linux.pdf
https://youtu.be/7hLv6fYAW-E?list=PLbzoR-pLrL6pamOj4UifcMJf560Ph6mJp

Your patchset looks very similar to something I need: not communicating
with the device during probe. Another piece would be to trigger a device
configuration "in some way" when the link is known to be back.

-- 
Luca