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[23.128.96.18]) by mx.google.com with ESMTP id rm10si7020560pjb.132.2022.01.17.05.24.40; Mon, 17 Jan 2022 05:24:52 -0800 (PST) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of linux-kernel-owner@vger.kernel.org designates 23.128.96.18 as permitted sender) client-ip=23.128.96.18; Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; dkim=pass header.i=@kernel.org header.s=k20201202 header.b=gTqo9PUA; spf=pass (google.com: domain of linux-kernel-owner@vger.kernel.org designates 23.128.96.18 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=linux-kernel-owner@vger.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=NONE sp=NONE dis=NONE) header.from=kernel.org Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S234359AbiAQFgK (ORCPT + 99 others); Mon, 17 Jan 2022 00:36:10 -0500 Received: from lindbergh.monkeyblade.net ([23.128.96.19]:56818 "EHLO lindbergh.monkeyblade.net" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S232902AbiAQFfF (ORCPT ); Mon, 17 Jan 2022 00:35:05 -0500 Received: from ams.source.kernel.org (ams.source.kernel.org [IPv6:2604:1380:4601:e00::1]) by lindbergh.monkeyblade.net (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 041A7C061757; Sun, 16 Jan 2022 21:34:54 -0800 (PST) Received: from smtp.kernel.org (relay.kernel.org [52.25.139.140]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ams.source.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 593B5B80DD4; Mon, 17 Jan 2022 05:34:52 +0000 (UTC) Received: by smtp.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 53532C36AF2; Mon, 17 Jan 2022 05:34:47 +0000 (UTC) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=kernel.org; s=k20201202; t=1642397691; bh=99HJyfUfmPFVlYvkfl5/JaU0HgRdFJb7keGrJptQPug=; h=From:To:Cc:Subject:Date:In-Reply-To:References:From; b=gTqo9PUA3cGXDlhCR0cAIooKK0GKVogNW5E4cPdD9CvL3TNm0qCeHFPqK3waBhixa D35xmMIa4jBhbEaTFzJyE0M62sD/1nvmSVtwYh8PRPZnymAOtV5JgJpLgmrVs0acg9 cPMmsmiYFtKj19wDfYzzfLmtwiPzoWpzZXtkPzAPg/as6f3k7kjsJZopJxc3z3Fmwv pUhA6DSZ4rFE7o3j54jfE10uA7IeP2hgVC1M6gGFujASk/W38EbzVN9GMpURYhXv0t Ifb2bTmg1OI5r+rOJ7I6XNS0fldXNelVH6o7URYsqw8+tS8M/s53uUYn7r5cAMHl4G H1SAfEyKpHJnQ== From: Miguel Ojeda To: Linus Torvalds , Greg Kroah-Hartman Cc: rust-for-linux@vger.kernel.org, linux-kbuild@vger.kernel.org, linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, Miguel Ojeda , Alex Gaynor , Finn Behrens , Adam Bratschi-Kaye , Wedson Almeida Filho , Michael Ellerman , Sven Van Asbroeck , Wu XiangCheng , Gary Guo , Boris-Chengbiao Zhou , Yuki Okushi , Wei Liu , Daniel Xu Subject: [PATCH v3 14/19] docs: add Rust documentation Date: Mon, 17 Jan 2022 06:33:44 +0100 Message-Id: <20220117053349.6804-15-ojeda@kernel.org> In-Reply-To: <20220117053349.6804-1-ojeda@kernel.org> References: <20220117053349.6804-1-ojeda@kernel.org> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Most of the documentation for Rust is written within the source code itself, as it is idiomatic for Rust projects. This applies to both the shared infrastructure at `rust/` as well as any other Rust module (e.g. drivers) written across the kernel. However, these documents contain general information that does not fit particularly well in the source code, like the Quick Start guide. It also contains a few binary assets used for the `rustdoc` target and a few other small changes elsewhere in the documentation folder. Co-developed-by: Alex Gaynor Signed-off-by: Alex Gaynor Co-developed-by: Finn Behrens Signed-off-by: Finn Behrens Co-developed-by: Adam Bratschi-Kaye Signed-off-by: Adam Bratschi-Kaye Co-developed-by: Wedson Almeida Filho Signed-off-by: Wedson Almeida Filho Co-developed-by: Michael Ellerman Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman Co-developed-by: Sven Van Asbroeck Signed-off-by: Sven Van Asbroeck Co-developed-by: Wu XiangCheng Signed-off-by: Wu XiangCheng Co-developed-by: Gary Guo Signed-off-by: Gary Guo Co-developed-by: Boris-Chengbiao Zhou Signed-off-by: Boris-Chengbiao Zhou Co-developed-by: Yuki Okushi Signed-off-by: Yuki Okushi Co-developed-by: Wei Liu Signed-off-by: Wei Liu Co-developed-by: Daniel Xu Signed-off-by: Daniel Xu Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda --- Documentation/doc-guide/kernel-doc.rst | 3 + Documentation/index.rst | 1 + Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.rst | 4 + Documentation/process/changes.rst | 42 ++++ Documentation/rust/arch-support.rst | 35 +++ Documentation/rust/assets/favicon-16x16.png | Bin 0 -> 798 bytes Documentation/rust/assets/favicon-32x32.png | Bin 0 -> 2076 bytes Documentation/rust/assets/rust-logo.png | Bin 0 -> 53976 bytes Documentation/rust/coding-guidelines.rst | 151 +++++++++++++ Documentation/rust/general-information.rst | 80 +++++++ Documentation/rust/index.rst | 21 ++ Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst | 231 ++++++++++++++++++++ 12 files changed, 568 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Documentation/rust/arch-support.rst create mode 100644 Documentation/rust/assets/favicon-16x16.png create mode 100644 Documentation/rust/assets/favicon-32x32.png create mode 100644 Documentation/rust/assets/rust-logo.png create mode 100644 Documentation/rust/coding-guidelines.rst create mode 100644 Documentation/rust/general-information.rst create mode 100644 Documentation/rust/index.rst create mode 100644 Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst diff --git a/Documentation/doc-guide/kernel-doc.rst b/Documentation/doc-guide/kernel-doc.rst index 79aaa55d6bcf..724e2ffddff1 100644 --- a/Documentation/doc-guide/kernel-doc.rst +++ b/Documentation/doc-guide/kernel-doc.rst @@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ when it is embedded in source files. reasons. The kernel source contains tens of thousands of kernel-doc comments. Please stick to the style described here. +.. note:: kernel-doc does not cover Rust code: please see + Documentation/rust/docs.rst instead. + The kernel-doc structure is extracted from the comments, and proper `Sphinx C Domain`_ function and type descriptions with anchors are generated from them. The descriptions are filtered for special kernel-doc diff --git a/Documentation/index.rst b/Documentation/index.rst index 54ce34fd6fbd..1b13c2445e87 100644 --- a/Documentation/index.rst +++ b/Documentation/index.rst @@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ merged much easier. maintainer/index fault-injection/index livepatch/index + rust/index Kernel API documentation diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.rst b/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.rst index 2d1fc03d346e..468a0d216c29 100644 --- a/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.rst +++ b/Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.rst @@ -57,6 +57,10 @@ CFLAGS_MODULE ------------- Additional module specific options to use for $(CC). +KRUSTFLAGS +---------- +Additional options to the Rust compiler (for built-in and modules). + LDFLAGS_MODULE -------------- Additional options used for $(LD) when linking modules. diff --git a/Documentation/process/changes.rst b/Documentation/process/changes.rst index cf908d79666e..0f5d64d3993f 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/changes.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/changes.rst @@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ you probably needn't concern yourself with pcmciautils. ====================== =============== ======================================== GNU C 5.1 gcc --version Clang/LLVM (optional) 10.0.1 clang --version +Rust (optional) 1.58.0 rustc --version +bindgen (optional) 0.56.0 bindgen --version GNU make 3.81 make --version binutils 2.23 ld -v flex 2.5.35 flex --version @@ -78,6 +80,29 @@ kernels. Older releases aren't guaranteed to work, and we may drop workarounds from the kernel that were used to support older versions. Please see additional docs on :ref:`Building Linux with Clang/LLVM `. +Rust (optional) +--------------- + +A particular version of the Rust toolchain is required. Newer versions may or +may not work because the kernel depends on some unstable Rust features, for +the moment. + +Each Rust toolchain comes with several "components", some of which are required +(like ``rustc``) and some that are optional. The ``rust-src`` component (which +is optional) needs to be installed to build the kernel. Other components are +useful for developing. + +Please see :ref:`Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst ` for +instructions on how to satify the build requirements of Rust support. In +particular, the Makefile target 'rustavailable' is useful to check why the Rust +toolchain may not be detected. + +bindgen (optional) +------------------ + +``bindgen`` is used to generate the Rust bindings to the C side of the kernel. +It depends on ``libclang``. + Make ---- @@ -340,6 +365,13 @@ Sphinx Please see :ref:`sphinx_install` in :ref:`Documentation/doc-guide/sphinx.rst ` for details about Sphinx requirements. +rustdoc +------- + +``rustdoc`` is used to generate the documentation for Rust code. Please see +:ref:`Documentation/rust/general-information.rst ` +for more information. + Getting updated software ======================== @@ -356,6 +388,16 @@ Clang/LLVM - :ref:`Getting LLVM `. +Rust +---- + +- :ref:`Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst `. + +bindgen +------- + +- :ref:`Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst `. + Make ---- diff --git a/Documentation/rust/arch-support.rst b/Documentation/rust/arch-support.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..fdcce6452623 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/rust/arch-support.rst @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +.. _rust_arch_support: + +Arch Support +============ + +Currently, the Rust compiler (``rustc``) uses LLVM for code generation, +which limits the supported architectures that can be targeted. In addition, +support for building the kernel with LLVM/Clang varies (see :ref:`kbuild_llvm`). +This support is needed for ``bindgen`` which uses ``libclang``. + +Below is a general summary of architectures that currently work. Level of +support corresponds to ``S`` values in the ``MAINTAINERS`` file. + +.. list-table:: + :widths: 10 10 10 + :header-rows: 1 + + * - Architecture + - Level of support + - Constraints + * - ``arm`` + - Maintained + - ``armv6`` and compatible only, ``RUST_OPT_LEVEL >= 2`` + * - ``arm64`` + - Maintained + - None + * - ``powerpc`` + - Maintained + - ``ppc64le`` only, ``RUST_OPT_LEVEL < 2`` requires ``CONFIG_THREAD_SHIFT=15`` + * - ``riscv`` + - Maintained + - ``riscv64`` only + * - ``x86`` + - Maintained + - ``x86_64`` only diff --git a/Documentation/rust/assets/favicon-16x16.png b/Documentation/rust/assets/favicon-16x16.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d93115e8f47a939635b73ad3b3226837f83f7584 GIT binary patch literal 798 zcmV+(1L6FMP)60Bw|2Q zLBXm~u^5_#D=(`S=^_iY%Mx4&QgPv>=t9NnMoV2tLKM_ms)9Af%fw5(#7W1=T>klg z7yT{L`Yg|R59hq^5&lmV5CyuFQk4LO^dYzb*M0snm08V&e67;5T5iYw;fNPy^F}ZNPfK0%jMB`BiI{q-%F<$tb^i%%!2% 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zelN$+qeqV(D;`&2VJ65gK-^;cf=2-e3p9@UmH<3Jj^n)xFpjym-6_E4i)jECEx0pOqo7{>-k ze#AnN$L&}c_1Xpim)?VML`dFCj~+dGOe8*seVZJw#li;re|I0pv8&q)7jRsM0Ql}c zj^n}w97m5HJ$kG-JRf^MG5$AzUtWZ<{J(t|%iP;nu<$X5`#|KddpnlX7I+*zdi3bA zqOb5cpDZkui#f8b*lE2JVuK=wp;gNEO!A|yGUc{(W6I?6@xcpev{&z03Nx> zWBKcOj%8Q3*Dvze9sx-ToX=SHSTwOmj~+cH0S5uN4tGBxZU^vNOE8ux0N>lgSax;0 z7K@whZFnr?SnO#m3n4D((W6I?Re__h`=q{`v9!r>Pk>ge-;3K*mT-K>VfU)BZv(jh z5{{)uj~+c%1R6+C{i6WB1mKg9nq2oZ&tqTkPnbV>oVyI;TMIchpM)H%k3y7Wi(Mwa zM~@yodh7we1j*;v6M5W$rKug(qeqV(JysE(44}jA$)f}C)MXo8j~+dG^jOh&9Hf`{ zt^(C3EaSL(^jLA|i>~$Pu`?WmNFJ`wzXRZ_=zDti=+UD`j~+dG^ytx}M~@!Mg#Qox WKU7`}H-hE>0000 T { + match self { + Some(val) => val, + + // SAFETY: the safety contract must be upheld by the caller. + None => unsafe { hint::unreachable_unchecked() }, + } + } + +This example showcases a few ``rustdoc`` features and some conventions followed +in the kernel: + + - The first paragraph must be a single sentence briefly describing what + the documented item does. Further explanations must go in extra paragraphs. + + - Unsafe functions must document their safety preconditions under + a ``# Safety`` section. + + - While not shown here, if a function may panic, the conditions under which + that happens must be described under a ``# Panics`` section. + + Please note that panicking should be very rare and used only with a good + reason. In almost all cases, a fallible approach should be used, typically + returning a ``Result``. + + - If providing examples of usage would help readers, they must be written in + a section called ``# Examples``. + + - Rust items (functions, types, constants...) must be linked appropriately + (``rustdoc`` will create a link automatically). + + - Any ``unsafe`` block must be preceded by a ``// SAFETY:`` comment + describing why the code inside is sound. + + While sometimes the reason might look trivial and therefore unneeded, writing + these comments is not just a good way of documenting what has been taken into + account, but most importantly, it provides a way to know that there are + no *extra* implicit constraints. + +To learn more about how to write documentation for Rust and extra features, +please take a look at the ``rustdoc`` `book`_. + +.. _book: https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustdoc/how-to-write-documentation.html + + +Naming +------ + +Rust kernel code follows the usual Rust naming conventions: + + https://rust-lang.github.io/api-guidelines/naming.html + +When existing C concepts (e.g. macros, functions, objects...) are wrapped into +a Rust abstraction, a name as close as reasonably possible to the C side should +be used in order to avoid confusion and to improve readability when switching +back and forth between the C and Rust sides. For instance, macros such as +``pr_info`` from C are named the same in the Rust side. + +Having said that, casing should be adjusted to follow the Rust naming +conventions, and namespacing introduced by modules and types should not be +repeated in the item names. For instance, when wrapping constants like: + +.. code-block:: c + + #define GPIO_LINE_DIRECTION_IN 0 + #define GPIO_LINE_DIRECTION_OUT 1 + +The equivalent in Rust may look like (ignoring documentation): + +.. code-block:: rust + + pub mod gpio { + pub enum LineDirection { + In = bindings::GPIO_LINE_DIRECTION_IN as _, + Out = bindings::GPIO_LINE_DIRECTION_OUT as _, + } + } + +That is, the equivalent of ``GPIO_LINE_DIRECTION_IN`` would be referred to as +``gpio::LineDirection::In``. In particular, it should not be named +``gpio::gpio_line_direction::GPIO_LINE_DIRECTION_IN``. diff --git a/Documentation/rust/general-information.rst b/Documentation/rust/general-information.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..9ee4c6994d08 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/rust/general-information.rst @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ +.. _rust_general_information: + +General Information +=================== + +This document contains useful information to know when working with +the Rust support in the kernel. + + +Code documentation +------------------ + +Rust kernel code is documented using ``rustdoc``, its built-in documentation +generator. + +The generated HTML docs include integrated search, linked items (e.g. types, +functions, constants), source code, etc. They may be read at (TODO: link when +in mainline and generated alongside the rest of the documentation): + + http://kernel.org/ + +The docs can also be easily generated and read locally. This is quite fast +(same order as compiling the code itself) and no special tools or environment +are needed. This has the added advantage that they will be tailored to +the particular kernel configuration used. To generate them, use the ``rustdoc`` +target with the same invocation used for compilation, e.g.:: + + make LLVM=1 rustdoc + +To read the docs locally in your web browser, run e.g.:: + + xdg-open rust/doc/kernel/index.html + +To learn about how to write the documentation, please see the coding guidelines +at :ref:`Documentation/rust/coding-guidelines.rst `. + + +Extra lints +----------- + +While ``rustc`` is a very helpful compiler, some extra lints and analyses are +available via ``clippy``, a Rust linter. To enable it, pass ``CLIPPY=1`` to +the same invocation used for compilation, e.g.:: + + make LLVM=1 CLIPPY=1 + +Please note that Clippy may change code generation, thus it should not be +enabled while building a production kernel. + + +Abstractions vs. bindings +------------------------- + +Abstractions are Rust code wrapping kernel functionality from the C side. + +In order to use functions and types from the C side, bindings are created. +Bindings are the declarations for Rust of those functions and types from +the C side. + +For instance, one may write a ``Mutex`` abstraction in Rust which wraps +a ``struct mutex`` from the C side and calls its functions through the bindings. + +Abstractions are not available for all the kernel internal APIs and concepts, +but it is intended that coverage is expanded as time goes on. "Leaf" modules +(e.g. drivers) should not use the C bindings directly. Instead, subsystems +should provide as-safe-as-possible abstractions as needed. + + +Conditional compilation +----------------------- + +Rust code has access to conditional compilation based on the kernel +configuration: + +.. code-block:: rust + + #[cfg(CONFIG_X)] // Enabled (`y` or `m`) + #[cfg(CONFIG_X="y")] // Enabled as a built-in (`y`) + #[cfg(CONFIG_X="m")] // Enabled as a module (`m`) + #[cfg(not(CONFIG_X))] // Disabled diff --git a/Documentation/rust/index.rst b/Documentation/rust/index.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..6e20af5b723a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/rust/index.rst @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +Rust +==== + +Documentation related to Rust within the kernel. To start using Rust +in the kernel, please read the +:ref:`Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst ` guide. + +.. toctree:: + :maxdepth: 1 + + quick-start + general-information + coding-guidelines + arch-support + +.. only:: subproject and html + + Indices + ======= + + * :ref:`genindex` diff --git a/Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst b/Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..260393c48379 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/rust/quick-start.rst @@ -0,0 +1,231 @@ +.. _rust_quick_start: + +Quick Start +=========== + +This document describes how to get started with kernel development in Rust. + + +Requirements: Building +---------------------- + +This section explains how to fetch the tools needed for building. + +Some of these requirements might be available from Linux distributions +under names like ``rustc``, ``rust-src``, ``rust-bindgen``, etc. However, +at the time of writing, they are likely not to be recent enough unless +the distribution tracks the latest releases. + +To easily check whether the requirements are met, the following target +can be used:: + + make LLVM=1 rustavailable + +This triggers the same logic used by Kconfig to determine whether +``RUST_IS_AVAILABLE`` should be enabled; but it also explains why not +if that is the case. + + +rustc +***** + +A particular version of the Rust compiler is required. Newer versions may or +may not work because, for the moment, the kernel depends on some unstable +Rust features. + +If ``rustup`` is being used, enter the checked out source code directory +and run:: + + rustup override set $(scripts/min-tool-version.sh rustc) + +Otherwise, fetch a standalone installer or install ``rustup`` from: + + https://www.rust-lang.org + + +Rust standard library source +**************************** + +The Rust standard library source is required because the build system will +cross-compile ``core`` and ``alloc``. + +If ``rustup`` is being used, run:: + + rustup component add rust-src + +The components are installed per toolchain, thus upgrading the Rust compiler +version later on requires re-adding the component. + +Otherwise, if a standalone installer is used, the Rust repository may be cloned +into the installation folder of the toolchain:: + + git clone --recurse-submodules \ + --branch $(scripts/min-tool-version.sh rustc) \ + https://github.com/rust-lang/rust \ + $(rustc --print sysroot)/lib/rustlib/src/rust + +In this case, upgrading the Rust compiler version later on requires manually +updating this clone. + + +libclang +******** + +``libclang`` (part of LLVM) is used by ``bindgen`` to understand the C code +in the kernel, which means LLVM needs to be installed; like when the kernel +is compiled with ``CC=clang`` or ``LLVM=1``. + +Linux distributions are likely to have a suitable one available, so it is +best to check that first. + +There are also some binaries for several systems and architectures uploaded at: + + https://releases.llvm.org/download.html + +Otherwise, building LLVM takes quite a while, but it is not a complex process: + + https://llvm.org/docs/GettingStarted.html#getting-the-source-code-and-building-llvm + +See :ref:`Documentation/kbuild/llvm.rst ` for more information and +further ways to fetch pre-built releases and distribution packages. + + +bindgen +******* + +The bindings to the C side of the kernel are generated at build time using +the ``bindgen`` tool. A particular version is required. + +Install it via (note that this will download and build the tool from source):: + + cargo install --locked --version $(scripts/min-tool-version.sh bindgen) bindgen + + +Requirements: Developing +------------------------ + +This section explains how to fetch the tools needed for developing. That is, +they are not needed when just building the kernel. + + +rustfmt +******* + +The ``rustfmt`` tool is used to automatically format all the Rust kernel code, +including the generated C bindings (for details, please see +:ref:`Documentation/rust/coding-guidelines.rst `). + +If ``rustup`` is being used, its ``default`` profile already installs the tool, +thus nothing needs to be done. If another profile is being used, the component +can be installed manually:: + + rustup component add rustfmt + +The standalone installers also come with ``rustfmt``. + + +clippy +****** + +``clippy`` is a Rust linter. Running it provides extra warnings for Rust code. +It can be run by passing ``CLIPPY=1`` to ``make`` (for details, please see +:ref:`Documentation/rust/general-information.rst `). + +If ``rustup`` is being used, its ``default`` profile already installs the tool, +thus nothing needs to be done. If another profile is being used, the component +can be installed manually:: + + rustup component add clippy + +The standalone installers also come with ``clippy``. + + +cargo +***** + +``cargo`` is the Rust native build system. It is currently required to run +the tests since it is used to build a custom standard library that contains +the facilities provided by the custom ``alloc`` in the kernel. The tests can +be run using the ``rusttest`` Make target. + +If ``rustup`` is being used, all the profiles already install the tool, +thus nothing needs to be done. + +The standalone installers also come with ``cargo``. + + +rustdoc +******* + +``rustdoc`` is the documentation tool for Rust. It generates pretty HTML +documentation for Rust code (for details, please see +:ref:`Documentation/rust/general-information.rst `). + +``rustdoc`` is also used to test the examples provided in documented Rust code +(called doctests or documentation tests). The ``rusttest`` Make target uses +this feature. + +If ``rustup`` is being used, all the profiles already install the tool, +thus nothing needs to be done. + +The standalone installers also come with ``rustdoc``. + + +rust-analyzer +************* + +The `rust-analyzer `_ language server can +be used with many editors to enable syntax highlighting, completion, go to +definition, and other features. + +``rust-analyzer`` needs a configuration file, ``rust-project.json``, which +can be generated by the ``rust-analyzer`` Make target. + + +Configuration +------------- + +``Rust support`` (``CONFIG_RUST``) needs to be enabled in the ``General setup`` +menu. The option is only shown if a suitable Rust toolchain is found (see +above). In turn, this will make visible the rest of options that depend on Rust. + +Afterwards, go to:: + + Kernel hacking + -> Sample kernel code + -> Rust samples + +And enable some sample modules either as built-in or as loadable. + + +Building +-------- + +Building a kernel with a complete LLVM toolchain is the best supported setup +at the moment. That is:: + + make LLVM=1 + +For architectures that do not support a full LLVM toolchain, use:: + + make CC=clang + +Using GCC also works for some configurations, but it is very experimental at +the moment. + + +Hacking +------- + +To dive deeper, take a look at the source code of the samples +at ``samples/rust/``, the Rust support code under ``rust/`` and +the ``Rust hacking`` menu under ``Kernel hacking``. + +If GDB/Binutils is used and Rust symbols are not getting demangled, the reason +is the toolchain does not support Rust's new v0 mangling scheme yet. +There are a few ways out: + + - Install a newer release (GDB >= 10.2, Binutils >= 2.36). + + - Some versions of GDB (e.g. vanilla GDB 10.1) are able to use + the pre-demangled names embedded in the debug info (``CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO``). -- 2.34.1