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From:   Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
To:     Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc:     linux-mm@kvack.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
        Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>,
        Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>,
        Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Subject: [PATCH v2] mm/list_lru: Fix possible race in memcg_reparent_list_lru_node()
Date:   Wed, 30 Mar 2022 13:26:46 -0400
Message-Id: <20220330172646.2687555-1-longman@redhat.com>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Precedence: bulk

Muchun Song found out there could be a race between list_lru_add()
and memcg_reparent_list_lru_node() causing the later function to miss
reparenting of a lru entry as shown below:

CPU0:                           CPU1:
list_lru_add()
    spin_lock(&nlru->lock)
    l = list_lru_from_kmem(memcg)
                                memcg_reparent_objcgs(memcg)
                                memcg_reparent_list_lrus(memcg)
                                    memcg_reparent_list_lru()
                                        memcg_reparent_list_lru_node()
                                            if (!READ_ONCE(nlru->nr_items))
                                                // Miss reparenting
                                                return
    // Assume 0->1
    l->nr_items++
    // Assume 0->1
    nlru->nr_items++

Though it is not likely that a list_lru_node that has 0 item suddenly
has a newly added lru entry at the end of its life. The race is still
theoretically possible.

With the lock/unlock pair used within the percpu_ref_kill() which is
the last function call of memcg_reparent_objcgs(), any read issued
in memcg_reparent_list_lru_node() will not be reordered before the
reparenting of objcgs.

Adding a !spin_is_locked()/smp_rmb()/!READ_ONCE(nlru->nr_items) check
to ensure that either the reading of nr_items is valid or the racing
list_lru_add() will see the reparented objcg.

Fixes: 405cc51fc104 ("mm/list_lru: optimize memcg_reparent_list_lru_node()")
Reported-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
---
 mm/list_lru.c | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 27 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/list_lru.c b/mm/list_lru.c
index c669d87001a6..08ff54ffabd6 100644
--- a/mm/list_lru.c
+++ b/mm/list_lru.c
@@ -395,10 +395,33 @@ static void memcg_reparent_list_lru_node(struct list_lru *lru, int nid,
 	struct list_lru_one *src, *dst;
 
 	/*
-	 * If there is no lru entry in this nlru, we can skip it immediately.
+	 * With the lock/unlock pair used within the percpu_ref_kill()
+	 * which is the last function call of memcg_reparent_objcgs(), any
+	 * read issued here will not be reordered before the reparenting
+	 * of objcgs.
+	 *
+	 * Assuming a racing list_lru_add():
+	 * list_lru_add()
+	 *				<- memcg_reparent_list_lru_node()
+	 *   spin_lock(&nlru->lock)
+	 *   l = list_lru_from_kmem(memcg)
+	 *   nlru->nr_items++
+	 *   spin_unlock(&nlru->lock)
+	 *				<- memcg_reparent_list_lru_node()
+	 *
+	 * The !spin_is_locked(&nlru->lock) check is true means it is
+	 * either before the spin_lock() or after the spin_unlock(). In the
+	 * former case, list_lru_add() will see the reparented objcg and so
+	 * won't touch the lru to be reparented. In the later case, it will
+	 * see the updated nr_items. So we can use the optimization that if
+	 * there is no lru entry in this nlru, skip it immediately.
 	 */
-	if (!READ_ONCE(nlru->nr_items))
-		return;
+	if (!spin_is_locked(&nlru->lock)) {
+		/* nr_items read must be ordered after nlru->lock */
+		smp_rmb();
+		if (!READ_ONCE(nlru->nr_items))
+			return;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Since list_lru_{add,del} may be called under an IRQ-safe lock,
@@ -407,7 +430,7 @@ static void memcg_reparent_list_lru_node(struct list_lru *lru, int nid,
 	spin_lock_irq(&nlru->lock);
 
 	src = list_lru_from_memcg_idx(lru, nid, src_idx);
-	if (!src)
+	if (!src || !src->nr_items)
 		goto out;
 	dst = list_lru_from_memcg_idx(lru, nid, dst_idx);
 
-- 
2.27.0