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In-Reply-To: <20220511144915.02efda98.pasic@linux.ibm.com>
From:   Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Date:   Thu, 12 May 2022 11:27:31 +0800
Message-ID: <CACGkMEuiA1Q9Z4aXKj51y8Ad+caLkrG_NvLcQvwMfnpWQ7kjzA@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH V4 8/9] virtio: harden vring IRQ
To:     Halil Pasic <pasic@linux.ibm.com>
Cc:     Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>,
        "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>,
        virtualization <virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org>,
        linux-kernel <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>,
        Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>,
        "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@kernel.org>,
        Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>, eperezma <eperezma@redhat.com>,
        Cindy Lu <lulu@redhat.com>,
        Stefano Garzarella <sgarzare@redhat.com>,
        Xuan Zhuo <xuanzhuo@linux.alibaba.com>
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On Wed, May 11, 2022 at 8:49 PM Halil Pasic <pasic@linux.ibm.com> wrote:
>
> On Wed, 11 May 2022 17:27:44 +0800
> Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> wrote:
>
> > On Wed, May 11, 2022 at 4:44 PM Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > On Wed, May 11 2022, Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > > On Tue, May 10, 2022 at 7:32 PM Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> wrote:
> > > >>
> > > >> On Sat, May 07, 2022 at 03:19:53PM +0800, Jason Wang wrote:
> > > >> > diff --git a/include/linux/virtio_config.h b/include/linux/virtio_config.h
> > > >> > index d8a2340f928e..23f1694cdbd5 100644
> > > >> > --- a/include/linux/virtio_config.h
> > > >> > +++ b/include/linux/virtio_config.h
> > > >> > @@ -256,6 +256,18 @@ void virtio_device_ready(struct virtio_device *dev)
> > > >> >       unsigned status = dev->config->get_status(dev);
> > > >> >
> > > >> >       BUG_ON(status & VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK);
> > > >> > +
> > > >> > +     /*
> > > >> > +      * The virtio_synchronize_cbs() makes sure vring_interrupt()
> > > >> > +      * will see the driver specific setup if it sees vq->broken
> > > >> > +      * as false.
> > > >> > +      */
> > > >> > +     virtio_synchronize_cbs(dev);
> > > >>
> > > >> since you mention vq->broken above, maybe add
> > > >>         "set vq->broken to false"
> > > >
> > > > Ok.
> > > >
> > > >>
> > > >> > +     __virtio_unbreak_device(dev);
> > > >> > +     /*
> > > >> > +      * The transport is expected ensure the visibility of
> > > >>
> > > >> to ensure
> > > >
> > > > Will fix.
> > > >
> > > >>
> > > >> > +      * vq->broken
> > > >>
> > > >> let's add: "visibility by vq callbacks"
> > > >
> > > > Sure.
> > > >
> > > >>
> > > >> > before setting VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK.
> > > >> > +      */
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >> Can I see some analysis of existing transports showing
> > > >> this is actually the case for them?
> > > >
> > > > Yes.
> > > >
> > > >> And maybe add a comment near set_status to document the
> > > >> requirement.
> > > >
> > > > For PCI and MMIO, we can quote the memory-barriers.txt or explain that
> > > > wmb() is not needed before the MMIO writel().
> > > > For CCW, it looks not obvious, it looks to me the IO was submitted via
> > > > __ssch() which has an inline assembly.  Cornelia and Hali, could you
> > > > help me to understand if and how did virtio_ccw_set_status() can
> > > > ensure the visibility of the previous driver setup and vq->broken
> > > > here?
> > >
> > > I'm not sure I completely understand the question here, but let me try:
> >
> > It's something like the following case:
> >
> > CPU 0: vq->broken = false
> > CPU 0: set_status(DRIVER_OK)
> > CPU 1: vring_interrupt() { if (vq->broken) return IRQ_NONE; }
> >
> > We need to make sure the CPU 1 sees the vq->broken if the interrupt is
> > raised after DRVER_OK.
> >
> > For PCI, we use MMIO of writel() for set_status(), a wmb() is not
> > needed in this case according to memory-barriers.txt.
> >
> > "
> > Note that, when using writel(), a prior
> > wmb() is not needed to guarantee that the cache coherent memory writes
> > have completed before writing to the MMIO region.
> > "
>
>
> IMHO the key facts here are the following:
> * ssch and all other I/O instructions are serializing instructions
> * all interruptions are serializing operations
>
> For reference see
> https://www.ibm.com/resources/publications/OutputPubsDetails?PubID=SA22783213
> page 5-138.

I see thanks for the pointer.

>
>
> Maybe we should add that to the linux documentation somewhere if
> not already mentioned.

Maybe somewhere in memory-barriers.txt.

>
> So IMHO we don't need CPU0 to do a wmb() because of the ssch.
>

Right.

> >
> > So CPU 1 will see the broken as false.
>
> But barriers need to be paired.

Yes, actually the pairing is done by the device where it need something like:

if (get_status(DRIVER_OK)) {
    rmb();
    start_device_logic();
    raise_interrupt();
}

> And in my understanding the ssch
> doesn't really ensure that CPU1 is about to see the change, unless
> there is a suitable barrier that pairs with the barrier implied
> the ssch instruction.
>
> Assumed vring_interrupt() is always done in hard-irq context, AFAIU,
> we should be fine. Is that assumption correct?
>
> Why are we fine:
> * Either the ssch was performed before the interrupt for
>   vring_interrupt() got delivered on CPU1, and then we are guaranteed to
>   see the updated value for vq->broken,

Yes, for a well behaved device, the device will raise the interrupt
after it sees DRIVER_OK and the ssch guarantees that when the device
sees DRIVER_OK vq->broken is false.

> * or the interrupt that triggered vring_interrupt() was delivered before
>   the ssch instruction got executed. But in this case it is fine to
>   ignore the notification, because this is actually the bad case
>   we want to guard against: we got a notification when
>   notifications are not allowed.

Exactly.

>
> We may end up with !vq->broken and !DEVICE_OK as well, but that should
> be fine because, although that notification would be a should not happen
> one, I understand it would not catch us with our pants down.

Right.

>
> Regards,
> Halil
>
>
> >
> > >
> > > virtio_ccw_set_status() uses a channel command to set the status, with
> > > the interesting stuff done inside ccw_io_helper(). That function
> > > - takes the subchannel lock, disabling interrupts
> >
> > Then it is, for x86 the operation to disable interrupt is a full
> > barrier. I guess this should apply to other architecture like s390. I
> > see a stnsm is used in this case but a quick google doesn't tell me if
> > it's a barrier.

Looks like it's not a serialization instruction and this
memory-barriers.rst told me irq-disabling is only a compiler barrier:

"""
Functions that disable interrupts (ACQUIRE equivalent) and enable interrupts
(RELEASE equivalent) will act as compiler barriers only.  So if memory or I/O
barriers are required in such a situation, they must be provided from some
other means.
"""

Thanks

> > If this is true. The vring_interrupt will see broken as false.
> >
> > > - does the ssch; this instruction will fail if there's already another
> > >   I/O in progress, or an interrupt is pending for the subchannel; on
> > >   success, it is guaranteed that we'll get an interrupt eventually
> >
> > I guess ssch might imply a barrier as well, otherwise we may need a
> > lot of barriers before this.
> >
> > Thanks
> >
> > > - unlock the subchannel, and wait for the interupt handler to eventually
> > >   process the interrupt, so I guess it should see the vq->broken value?
> > >
> > > If the I/O fails, virtio_ccw_set_status() will revert its internal
> > > status to the old value.
> > >
> > >
> > > >
> > > > Thanks
> > > >
> > > >>
> > > >> >       dev->config->set_status(dev, status | VIRTIO_CONFIG_S_DRIVER_OK);
> > > >> >  }
> > >
> >
>