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From:   Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Date:   Thu, 3 Nov 2022 11:10:47 -0700
Message-ID: <CAJD7tkZ6VDnX3ACVS-iKCJfS4CrLdnZWzLD9T1-yqqDDhMrk_Q@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 2/5] zsmalloc: Consolidate zs_pool's migrate_lock and
 size_class's locks
To:     Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc:     Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>,
        Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org>,
        Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>, akpm@linux-foundation.org,
        linux-mm@kvack.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
        ngupta@vflare.org, sjenning@redhat.com, ddstreet@ieee.org,
        vitaly.wool@konsulko.com
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On Thu, Nov 3, 2022 at 11:08 AM Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> wrote:
>
> On Thu, Nov 03, 2022 at 08:53:29AM -0700, Minchan Kim wrote:
> > On Thu, Nov 03, 2022 at 11:18:04AM -0400, Johannes Weiner wrote:
> > > On Wed, Nov 02, 2022 at 02:36:35PM -0700, Minchan Kim wrote:
> > > > On Wed, Nov 02, 2022 at 12:28:56PM +0900, Sergey Senozhatsky wrote:
> > > > > On (22/10/26 13:06), Nhat Pham wrote:
> > > > > >  struct size_class {
> > > > > > -     spinlock_t lock;
> > > > > >       struct list_head fullness_list[NR_ZS_FULLNESS];
> > > > > >       /*
> > > > > >        * Size of objects stored in this class. Must be multiple
> > > > > > @@ -247,8 +245,7 @@ struct zs_pool {
> > > > > >  #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
> > > > > >       struct work_struct free_work;
> > > > > >  #endif
> > > > > > -     /* protect page/zspage migration */
> > > > > > -     rwlock_t migrate_lock;
> > > > > > +     spinlock_t lock;
> > > > > >  };
> > > > >
> > > > > I'm not in love with this, to be honest. One big pool lock instead
> > > > > of 255 per-class locks doesn't look attractive, as one big pool lock
> > > > > is going to be hammered quite a lot when zram is used, e.g. as a regular
> > > > > block device with a file system and is under heavy parallel writes/reads.
> > >
> > > TBH the class always struck me as an odd scope to split the lock. Lock
> > > contention depends on how variable the compression rate is of the
> > > hottest incoming data, which is unpredictable from a user POV.
> > >
> > > My understanding is that the primary usecase for zram is swapping, and
> > > the pool lock is the same granularity as the swap locking.
> >
> > People uses the zram to store caching object files in build server.
>
> Oh, interesting. We can try with a kernel build directory on zram.
>
> > > Do you have a particular one in mind? (I'm thinking journaled ones are
> > > not of much interest, since their IO tends to be fairly serialized.)
> > >
> > > btrfs?
> >
> > I am not sure what FSes others are using but at least for me, just
> > plain ext4.
>
> Okay, we can test with both.
>
> > > > I am also worry about that LRU stuff should be part of allocator
> > > > instead of higher level.
> > >
> > > I'm sorry, but that's not a reasonable objection.
> > >
> > > These patches implement a core feature of being a zswap backend, using
> > > standard LRU and locking techniques established by the other backends.
> > >
> > > I don't disagree that it would nicer if zswap had a strong abstraction
> > > for backend pages and a generalized LRU. But that is major surgery on
> > > a codebase of over 6,500 lines. It's not a reasonable ask to change
> > > all that first before implementing a basic feature that's useful now.
> >
> > With same logic, folks added the LRU logic into their allocators
> > without the effort considering moving the LRU into upper layer.
> >
> > And then trend is still going on since I have seen multiple times
> > people are trying to add more allocators. So if it's not a reasonable
> > ask to consier, we couldn't stop the trend in the end.
>
> So there is actually an ongoing effort to do that. Yosry and I have
> spent quite some time on coming up with an LRU design that's
> independent from compression policy over email and at Plumbers.
>
> My concern is more about the order of doing things:
>
> 1. The missing writeback support is a gaping hole in zsmalloc, which
>    affects production systems. A generalized LRU list is a good idea,
>    but it's a huge task that from a user pov really is not
>    critical. Even from a kernel dev / maintainer POV, there are bigger
>    fish to fry in the zswap code base and the backends than this.
>
> 2. Refactoring existing functionality is much easier than writing
>    generalized code that simultaneously enables new behavior. zsmalloc
>    is the most complex of our backends. To make its LRU writeback work
>    we had to patch zswap's ->map ordering to accomodate it, e.g. Such
>    tricky changes are easier to make and test incrementally.
>
>    The generalized LRU project will hugely benefit from already having
>    a proven writeback implementation in zsmalloc, because then all the
>    requirements in zswap and zsmalloc will be in black and white.
>
> > > I get that your main interest is zram, and so this feature isn't of
> > > interest to you. But zram isn't the only user, nor is it the primary
> >
> > I am interest to the feature but my interest is more of general swap
> > layer to manage the LRU so that it could support any hierarchy among
> > swap devices, not only zswap.
>
> I think we're on the same page about the longer term goals.
>

Yeah. As Johannes said, I was also recently looking into this. This
can also help solve other problems than consolidating implementations.
Currently if zswap rejects a page, it goes into swap, which is
more-or-less a violation of page LRUs since hotter pages that are more
recently reclaimed end up in swap (slow), while colder pages that were
reclaimed before are in zswap. Having a separate layer managing the
LRU of swap pages can also make sure this doesn't happen.

More broadly, making zswap a separate layer from swap enables other
improvements such as using zswap regardless of the presence of a
backend swapfile and not consuming space in swapfiles if a page is in
zswap. Of course, this is a much larger surgery.

I am intending to spend more time looking further into this, but other
things keep popping up :)