From: Robin Getz <rgetz@blackfin.uclinux.org>
Organization: Blackfin uClinux org
To: "David Brownell" <david-b@pacbell.net>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 02/12] Blackfin arch: Add label to call new GPIO API
Date: Sat, 18 Aug 2007 15:07:26 -0400
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Cc: "Bryan Wu" <bryan.wu@analog.com>, torvalds@linux-foundation.org,
       linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, akpm@linux-foundation.org,
       "Michael Hennerich" <michael.hennerich@analog.com>
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On Fri 17 Aug 2007 18:34, David Brownell pondered:
> On Friday 17 August 2007, Robin Getz wrote:
> > On Fri 17 Aug 2007 14:24, David Brownell pondered:
> > > Just for the record, this is an unusual way to use these calls.
> > 
> > That is part of the natural evolution of the kernel isn't it - per
> > James's keynote at OLS - you release something, and see how people 
> > [ab]use it until it either grows, evolves, or it dies.
> 
> Yep ... and it's worth knowing when you're doing
> something different.  Different isn't always worse,
> isn't always better.

No disagreements here.

> > > Other platforms completely decouple these issues from the
> > > IRQ infrastructure ... doing the pinmux and gpio claiming
> > > separately from the request_irq()/free_irq() paths, mostly
> > > as part of board setup.  Doing all of that "early":
> > 
> > is early:
> >  - early in the kernel?
> >  - early before the kernel? (in the bootloader).
> 
> Both of those are "earlier", yes.  Different product developers
> may argue for either placement.

Just like we say things are better/easier for us later.

> > >  - keeps those error returns from causing hard-to-track-down
> > >    runtime bugs;
> > 
> > The current Blackfin implementation causes a run time message:
> > "the pin xxxx driver requested, was already claimed by yyy driver".
> > 
> > I don't think that is too bad?
> 
> Given some product with a Blackfin chip, would you expect a
> customer -- who may not even see the Linux bits!! -- to be
> able to solve such problems?  If it's not possible for such
> problems to crop up in the field, product support (and field
> troubleshooting) gets easier...

Typically customers who are not familiar with the linux bits are not doing 
modprobe either...

I don't see how early/late makes the problem easier/worse to debug. No matter 
when you do it - the driver refuses to install (or at least should).

> > >  - works always, even on platforms where a given IRQ may
> > >    appear on any of several pins/balls;
> > 
> > But requires custom bootloaders or board setup for every hardware
> > platform?
> 
> One or both, yes.  That's typical in embedded setups.
> They're not necessarily all that different, but that
> code does need to handle the hardware differences.

Right - for us - the code handing the hardware differences is easier in the 
drivers, rather than the bootloaders.

For other systems - where you can have a UART on any pin - I completely 
understand your point.

> > Most of our users would not like that, since they do as you say - use
> > the same kernel - with different drivers on multiple platforms.
> 
> I thought I referred to different revisions of one platform... :)

You did - I was just saying that some of our customers don't do it the way you 
were thinking.

> > >  - makes it easier to cross-check against board schematics,
> > >    by keeping most board-specific setup in one source file;
> > 
> > Yes - but we are not talking about muxing a common peripheral (like a
> > single UART) out many different pins (A or B or C). The UART pins are
> > fixed. If you want the UART, you need to use pin A. If you want to use
> > the I2C that also sits on pin A, you will get the message:
> > "pin A, requested by I2C, was already claimed by UART driver".
> 
> Not all platforms work that way though.  There can often be several
> options for where a given signal gets routed.

But this is how it _always_ works on Blackfin. For other systems - like ARM, 
where n+1 silicon manufactures are all implementing things differently - I 
can understand your comments.


> > >  - allows the label to be more descriptive ... describeing
> > >    exactly *which* IRQ, so that using the labels for better
> > >    diagnostics actually gives better diagnostics.
> > 
> > I'm not sure what you mean?
> 
> The $SUBJECT patch uses the string "IRQ" in all cases.
> But "smc_irq" and "codec_irq" would be more informative
> as entries in a list of even just a handful of GPIOs.
> And with a few dozen, I'd find "IRQ" not at all helpful.

I agree - things can always be more descriptive.

> > > Again, not "wrong"; but probably sub-optimal.  You might
> > > want to move towards earlier binding now, while Linux is
> > > still young on Blackfin and you don't have legacy code to
> > > worry about.
> > 
> > Our overall goal is to keep as much code - including bootloader -
> > platform  agnostic, and not require people to write any of
> > code/configuration data to boot up something, and get things
> > working in a semi-standard manner. 
> 
> The issue is just where those limits lie.  IMO it's not at
> all unreasonable to require board-specific code.  External
> chips will need board-specfic glue data in most cases (how
> they're addressed, what IRQs they use, and so on); and you
> may have drivers available that correspond to devices that
> are not wired up on that particular hardware.
> 
> 
> > This still has it's limits - which is why we publish all our hardware
> > designs. If you implement things the similar way (because for the
> > most part it is fixed by the processor designer) - the
> > bootloader/kernel/driver will just work.
> 
> Sure ... you'd need to say "this board uses <these devices>"
> and if integrated in the SOC that's often enough. 

with the kernel .config - that is what happens. If you have 2 serial drivers 
connected - you enable 2 serial drivers in Kconfig.

> External 
> devices need more configuration.  Even for integrated ones,
> that knowledge doesn't belong in the driver ... "which of the
> many UARTS to use as console" isn't standard, and neither
> is "what hardware handshaking pins are in use".

When hardware handshaking pins are fixed - it sure is. When they are not (when 
the hardware doesn't support hardware handshaking, and you need to do it in 
software) - we still allow you do to it via Kconfig.

linux-2.6.x/drivers/serial/Kconfig:

config UART0_CTS_PIN
        int "UART0 CTS pin"
        depends on BFIN_UART0_CTSRTS
        default 23
        help
          The default pin is GPIO_GP7.
          Refer to ./include/asm-blackfin/gpio.h to see the GPIO map.

config UART0_RTS_PIN
        int "UART0 RTS pin"
        depends on BFIN_UART0_CTSRTS
        default 22
        help
          The default pin is GPIO_GP6.
          Refer to ./include/asm-blackfin/gpio.h to see the GPIO map.

Board configs are in one place - under source control - the kernel .config
  
> > I would rather force a little extra complexity on me (as a kernel
> > developer) than have to answer thousands of questions from end 
> > users, who are trying to move the kernel onto their hardware.
> 
> Just remember that "Aunt Tilly" doesn't configure kernels.
> And that even deeply technical people who do configure
> them may not have the details fresh in mind a few months
> later.  ;)

I wish some of our customers where as good as my aunt Tilly when it comes to 
kernel config, or could remember as well as she can.

I guess we thought it was easier for people to select a few things in config, 
rather than have to write C code/include files for board specific 
implementations options - It is like you said - everything is all in one 
place...

-Robin
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