Date:   Mon, 23 Jan 2023 15:25:54 +0100
From:   Andrew Jones <ajones@ventanamicro.com>
To:     Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
Cc:     Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>,
        Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>,
        Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>, Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>,
        Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org>,
        Frank Rowand <frowand.list@gmail.com>,
        linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
        devicetree@vger.kernel.org, linux-arch@vger.kernel.org,
        Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v4] riscv: Use PUD/P4D/PGD pages for the linear mapping
Message-ID: <20230123142554.f22ajf6upfk2ybxk@orel>
References: <20230123112803.817534-1-alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
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On Mon, Jan 23, 2023 at 12:28:02PM +0100, Alexandre Ghiti wrote:
> During the early page table creation, we used to set the mapping for
> PAGE_OFFSET to the kernel load address: but the kernel load address is
> always offseted by PMD_SIZE which makes it impossible to use PUD/P4D/PGD
> pages as this physical address is not aligned on PUD/P4D/PGD size (whereas
> PAGE_OFFSET is).
> 
> But actually we don't have to establish this mapping (ie set va_pa_offset)
> that early in the boot process because:
> 
> - first, setup_vm installs a temporary kernel mapping and among other
>   things, discovers the system memory,
> - then, setup_vm_final creates the final kernel mapping and takes
>   advantage of the discovered system memory to create the linear
>   mapping.
> 
> During the first phase, we don't know the start of the system memory and
> then until the second phase is finished, we can't use the linear mapping at
> all and phys_to_virt/virt_to_phys translations must not be used because it
> would result in a different translation from the 'real' one once the final
> mapping is installed.
> 
> So here we simply delay the initialization of va_pa_offset to after the
> system memory discovery. But to make sure noone uses the linear mapping
> before, we add some guard in the DEBUG_VIRTUAL config.
> 
> Finally we can use PUD/P4D/PGD hugepages when possible, which will result
> in a better TLB utilization.
> 
> Note that we rely on the firmware to protect itself using PMP.
> 
> Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org> # DT bits
> Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
> ---
> 
> v4:
> - Rebase on top of v6.2-rc3, as noted by Conor
> - Add Acked-by Rob
> 
> v3:
> - Change the comment about initrd_start VA conversion so that it fits
>   ARM64 and RISCV64 (and others in the future if needed), as suggested
>   by Rob
> 
> v2:
> - Add a comment on why RISCV64 does not need to set initrd_start/end that
>   early in the boot process, as asked by Rob
> 
>  arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h | 16 ++++++++++++++++
>  arch/riscv/mm/init.c          | 25 +++++++++++++++++++------
>  arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c      | 16 ++++++++++++++++
>  drivers/of/fdt.c              | 11 ++++++-----
>  4 files changed, 57 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h
> index 9f432c1b5289..7fe84c89e572 100644
> --- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h
> +++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h
> @@ -90,6 +90,14 @@ typedef struct page *pgtable_t;
>  #define PTE_FMT "%08lx"
>  #endif
>  
> +#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
> +/*
> + * We override this value as its generic definition uses __pa too early in
> + * the boot process (before kernel_map.va_pa_offset is set).
> + */
> +#define MIN_MEMBLOCK_ADDR      0
> +#endif
> +
>  #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
>  extern unsigned long riscv_pfn_base;
>  #define ARCH_PFN_OFFSET		(riscv_pfn_base)
> @@ -122,7 +130,11 @@ extern phys_addr_t phys_ram_base;
>  #define is_linear_mapping(x)	\
>  	((x) >= PAGE_OFFSET && (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) || (x) < PAGE_OFFSET + KERN_VIRT_SIZE))
>  
> +#ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL
>  #define linear_mapping_pa_to_va(x)	((void *)((unsigned long)(x) + kernel_map.va_pa_offset))
> +#else
> +void *linear_mapping_pa_to_va(unsigned long x);
> +#endif
>  #define kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(y)	({					\
>  	unsigned long _y = (unsigned long)(y);					\
>  	(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL) && _y < phys_ram_base) ?			\
> @@ -131,7 +143,11 @@ extern phys_addr_t phys_ram_base;
>  	})
>  #define __pa_to_va_nodebug(x)		linear_mapping_pa_to_va(x)
>  
> +#ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL
>  #define linear_mapping_va_to_pa(x)	((unsigned long)(x) - kernel_map.va_pa_offset)
> +#else
> +phys_addr_t linear_mapping_va_to_pa(unsigned long x);
> +#endif
>  #define kernel_mapping_va_to_pa(y) ({						\
>  	unsigned long _y = (unsigned long)(y);					\
>  	(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL) && _y < kernel_map.virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET) ? \
> diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/init.c b/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
> index 478d6763a01a..cc892ba9f787 100644
> --- a/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
> +++ b/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
> @@ -213,6 +213,14 @@ static void __init setup_bootmem(void)
>  	phys_ram_end = memblock_end_of_DRAM();
>  	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL))
>  		phys_ram_base = memblock_start_of_DRAM();
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Any use of __va/__pa before this point is wrong as we did not know the
> +	 * start of DRAM before.
> +	 */
> +	kernel_map.va_pa_offset = PAGE_OFFSET - phys_ram_base;
> +	riscv_pfn_base = PFN_DOWN(phys_ram_base);
> +
>  	/*
>  	 * memblock allocator is not aware of the fact that last 4K bytes of
>  	 * the addressable memory can not be mapped because of IS_ERR_VALUE
> @@ -671,9 +679,16 @@ void __init create_pgd_mapping(pgd_t *pgdp,
>  
>  static uintptr_t __init best_map_size(phys_addr_t base, phys_addr_t size)
>  {
> -	/* Upgrade to PMD_SIZE mappings whenever possible */
> -	base &= PMD_SIZE - 1;
> -	if (!base && size >= PMD_SIZE)
> +	if (!(base & (PGDIR_SIZE - 1)) && size >= PGDIR_SIZE)
> +		return PGDIR_SIZE;
> +
> +	if (!(base & (P4D_SIZE - 1)) && size >= P4D_SIZE)
> +		return P4D_SIZE;
> +
> +	if (!(base & (PUD_SIZE - 1)) && size >= PUD_SIZE)
> +		return PUD_SIZE;
> +
> +	if (!(base & (PMD_SIZE - 1)) && size >= PMD_SIZE)
>  		return PMD_SIZE;
>  
>  	return PAGE_SIZE;
> @@ -982,11 +997,9 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
>  	set_satp_mode();
>  #endif
>  
> -	kernel_map.va_pa_offset = PAGE_OFFSET - kernel_map.phys_addr;
> +	kernel_map.va_pa_offset = 0UL;
>  	kernel_map.va_kernel_pa_offset = kernel_map.virt_addr - kernel_map.phys_addr;
>  
> -	riscv_pfn_base = PFN_DOWN(kernel_map.phys_addr);
> -
>  	/*
>  	 * The default maximal physical memory size is KERN_VIRT_SIZE for 32-bit
>  	 * kernel, whereas for 64-bit kernel, the end of the virtual address
> diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c b/arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c
> index 9b18bda74154..18706f457da7 100644
> --- a/arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c
> +++ b/arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c
> @@ -33,3 +33,19 @@ phys_addr_t __phys_addr_symbol(unsigned long x)
>  	return __va_to_pa_nodebug(x);
>  }
>  EXPORT_SYMBOL(__phys_addr_symbol);
> +
> +phys_addr_t linear_mapping_va_to_pa(unsigned long x)
> +{
> +	BUG_ON(!kernel_map.va_pa_offset);
> +
> +	return ((unsigned long)(x) - kernel_map.va_pa_offset);
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(linear_mapping_va_to_pa);
> +
> +void *linear_mapping_pa_to_va(unsigned long x)
> +{
> +	BUG_ON(!kernel_map.va_pa_offset);
> +
> +	return ((void *)((unsigned long)(x) + kernel_map.va_pa_offset));
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(linear_mapping_pa_to_va);
> diff --git a/drivers/of/fdt.c b/drivers/of/fdt.c
> index f08b25195ae7..58107bd56f8f 100644
> --- a/drivers/of/fdt.c
> +++ b/drivers/of/fdt.c
> @@ -891,12 +891,13 @@ const void * __init of_flat_dt_match_machine(const void *default_match,
>  static void __early_init_dt_declare_initrd(unsigned long start,
>  					   unsigned long end)
>  {
> -	/* ARM64 would cause a BUG to occur here when CONFIG_DEBUG_VM is
> -	 * enabled since __va() is called too early. ARM64 does make use
> -	 * of phys_initrd_start/phys_initrd_size so we can skip this
> -	 * conversion.
> +	/*
> +	 * __va() is not yet available this early on some platforms. In that
> +	 * case, the platform uses phys_initrd_start/phys_initrd_size instead
> +	 * and does the VA conversion itself.
>  	 */
> -	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM64)) {
> +	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM64) &&
> +	    !(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RISCV) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT))) {

There are now two architectures, so maybe it's time for a new config
symbol which would be selected by arm64 and riscv64 and then used here,
e.g.

  if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NO_EARLY_LINEAR_MAP)) {

>  		initrd_start = (unsigned long)__va(start);
>  		initrd_end = (unsigned long)__va(end);
>  		initrd_below_start_ok = 1;
> -- 
> 2.37.2
>

Otherwise,

Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <ajones@ventanamicro.com>

Thanks,
drew