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From:   "Zach O'Keefe" <zokeefe@google.com>
Date:   Mon, 13 Mar 2023 12:38:25 -0700
Message-ID: <CAAa6QmQnYYdVzESYvf6DE-nR9A-raSVpY-zVyTFHFrqpj8yd9A@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [syzbot] [mm?] kernel BUG in hpage_collapse_scan_file
To:     linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc:     akpm@linux-foundation.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
        syzkaller-bugs@googlegroups.com,
        Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
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On Mon, Mar 13, 2023 at 12:16=E2=80=AFPM Zach O'Keefe <zokeefe@google.com> =
wrote:
>
> On Mar 10 17:02, Zach O'Keefe wrote:
> > On Fri, Mar 10, 2023 at 4:52=E2=80=AFPM syzbot
> > <syzbot+9578faa5475acb35fa50@syzkaller.appspotmail.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > Hello,
> > >
> > > syzbot found the following issue on:
> > >
> > > HEAD commit:    857f1268a591 Merge tag 'objtool-core-2023-03-02' of g=
it://..
> > > git tree:       upstream
> > > console+strace: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/x/log.txt?x=3D168e1032c=
80000
> > > kernel config:  https://syzkaller.appspot.com/x/.config?x=3Df763d89e2=
6d3d4c4
> > > dashboard link: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=3D9578faa5475=
acb35fa50
> > > compiler:       Debian clang version 15.0.7, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for=
 Debian) 2.35.2
> > > syz repro:      https://syzkaller.appspot.com/x/repro.syz?x=3D179e4e1=
2c80000
> > > C reproducer:   https://syzkaller.appspot.com/x/repro.c?x=3D119cce98c=
80000
> > >
> > > Downloadable assets:
> > > disk image: https://storage.googleapis.com/syzbot-assets/b3b7a7e333f1=
/disk-857f1268.raw.xz
> > > vmlinux: https://storage.googleapis.com/syzbot-assets/5940be1cf171/vm=
linux-857f1268.xz
> > > kernel image: https://storage.googleapis.com/syzbot-assets/986015398e=
4a/bzImage-857f1268.xz
> > >
> > > IMPORTANT: if you fix the issue, please add the following tag to the =
commit:
> > > Reported-by: syzbot+9578faa5475acb35fa50@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
> > >
> > > ------------[ cut here ]------------
> > > kernel BUG at mm/khugepaged.c:1823!
> > > invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN
> > > CPU: 1 PID: 5097 Comm: syz-executor220 Not tainted 6.2.0-syzkaller-13=
154-g857f1268a591 #0
> > > Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BI=
OS Google 02/16/2023
> > > RIP: 0010:collapse_file mm/khugepaged.c:1823 [inline]
> > > RIP: 0010:hpage_collapse_scan_file+0x67c8/0x7580 mm/khugepaged.c:2233
> > > Code: 00 00 89 de e8 c9 66 a3 ff 31 ff 89 de e8 c0 66 a3 ff 45 84 f6 =
0f 85 28 0d 00 00 e8 22 64 a3 ff e9 dc f7 ff ff e8 18 64 a3 ff <0f> 0b f3 0=
f 1e fa e8 0d 64 a3 ff e9 93 f6 ff ff f3 0f 1e fa 4c 89
> > > RSP: 0018:ffffc90003dff4e0 EFLAGS: 00010093
> > > RAX: ffffffff81e95988 RBX: 00000000000001c1 RCX: ffff8880205b3a80
> > > RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00000000000001c0 RDI: 00000000000001c1
> > > RBP: ffffc90003dff830 R08: ffffffff81e90e67 R09: fffffbfff1a433c3
> > > R10: 0000000000000000 R11: dffffc0000000001 R12: 0000000000000000
> > > R13: ffffc90003dff6c0 R14: 00000000000001c0 R15: 0000000000000000
> > > FS:  00007fdbae5ee700(0000) GS:ffff8880b9900000(0000) knlGS:000000000=
0000000
> > > CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
> > > CR2: 00007fdbae6901e0 CR3: 000000007b2dd000 CR4: 00000000003506e0
> > > DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
> > > DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
> > > Call Trace:
> > >  <TASK>
> > >  madvise_collapse+0x721/0xf50 mm/khugepaged.c:2693
> > >  madvise_vma_behavior mm/madvise.c:1086 [inline]
> > >  madvise_walk_vmas mm/madvise.c:1260 [inline]
> > >  do_madvise+0x9e5/0x4680 mm/madvise.c:1439
> > >  __do_sys_madvise mm/madvise.c:1452 [inline]
> > >  __se_sys_madvise mm/madvise.c:1450 [inline]
> > >  __x64_sys_madvise+0xa5/0xb0 mm/madvise.c:1450
> > >  do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
> > >  do_syscall_64+0x41/0xc0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
> > >  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
> > > RIP: 0033:0x7fdbae65dc39
> > > Code: 28 00 00 00 75 05 48 83 c4 28 c3 e8 11 15 00 00 90 48 89 f8 48 =
89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f=
0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 b8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48
> > > RSP: 002b:00007fdbae5ee2f8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000001=
c
> > > RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fdbae6e64b8 RCX: 00007fdbae65dc39
> > > RDX: 0000000000000019 RSI: 000000000060005f RDI: 0000000020000000
> > > RBP: 00007fdbae6e64b0 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000000000033
> > > R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007fdbae5ee300
> > > R13: 0000000000000001 R14: 00007fdbae5ee400 R15: 0000000000022000
> > >  </TASK>
> > > Modules linked in:
> > > ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
> > > RIP: 0010:collapse_file mm/khugepaged.c:1823 [inline]
> > > RIP: 0010:hpage_collapse_scan_file+0x67c8/0x7580 mm/khugepaged.c:2233
> > > Code: 00 00 89 de e8 c9 66 a3 ff 31 ff 89 de e8 c0 66 a3 ff 45 84 f6 =
0f 85 28 0d 00 00 e8 22 64 a3 ff e9 dc f7 ff ff e8 18 64 a3 ff <0f> 0b f3 0=
f 1e fa e8 0d 64 a3 ff e9 93 f6 ff ff f3 0f 1e fa 4c 89
> > > RSP: 0018:ffffc90003dff4e0 EFLAGS: 00010093
> > > RAX: ffffffff81e95988 RBX: 00000000000001c1 RCX: ffff8880205b3a80
> > > RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00000000000001c0 RDI: 00000000000001c1
> > > RBP: ffffc90003dff830 R08: ffffffff81e90e67 R09: fffffbfff1a433c3
> > > R10: 0000000000000000 R11: dffffc0000000001 R12: 0000000000000000
> > > R13: ffffc90003dff6c0 R14: 00000000000001c0 R15: 0000000000000000
> > > FS:  00007fdbae5ee700(0000) GS:ffff8880b9900000(0000) knlGS:000000000=
0000000
> > > CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
> > > CR2: 00007fdbae6901e0 CR3: 000000007b2dd000 CR4: 00000000003506e0
> > > DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
> > > DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
> > >
> > >
> > > ---
> > > This report is generated by a bot. It may contain errors.
> > > See https://goo.gl/tpsmEJ for more information about syzbot.
> > > syzbot engineers can be reached at syzkaller@googlegroups.com.
> > >
> > > syzbot will keep track of this issue. See:
> > > https://goo.gl/tpsmEJ#status for how to communicate with syzbot.
> > > syzbot can test patches for this issue, for details see:
> > > https://goo.gl/tpsmEJ#testing-patches
> >
> > I had a look at this, and the issue is stemming from failed (due to
> > error injection here) xas_store() in collapse_file() (in this report,
> > specifically was picking on shmem after MADV_REMOVE punch). This puts
> > the xa_state into an error state (-ENOMEM) and the subsequent
> > xas_next() will (a) not increment xas->xa_index (which trips the
> > VM_BUG_ON), and (b) returns NULL (which is confusing, since AFAIU,
> > that's a "valid" entry for a truncated page cache entry, but also
> > being used to indicate error).
> >
> > I think the right thing to do is to check xas_invalid() at the top of
> > the loop, or checking return value of all those xas_store()'s and
> > taking appropriate action. There is also the possibility this never
> > occurs in practice due to the "Ensure we have slots for all the pages
> > in the range" check at the top of the function, and that we are only
> > able to trip this from error injection.
>
> Right, so looking a bit more into this this morning, my last question abo=
ut
> whether the xas_create_range() check at the top of collapse_file() guaran=
teeing
> us the needed slots (and that syzbot was only able to trip this due to er=
ror
> injection) is plainly false: we are actually attempting to allocate memor=
y here,
> so clearly the slots weren't already available - duh.
>
> Now, why isn't that well-intending pre-reservation enough? Well, we are d=
ropping
> the xarray lock ~ every iteration of the for-loop, then relocking it to s=
tore
> the hugpage at the current index. While the lock is dropped, there isn't
> anything protecting us from racing with page_cache_delete() -- here, from
>
>         __filemap_remove_folio()
>         truncate_inode_folio()
>         shmem_undo_range()
>         shmem_truncate_range()
>         vfs_fallocate()
>         madvise_remove()
>
> which can then remove slots out from under us:
>
>         xas_delete_node()
>         update_node()
>         xas_store()
>         page_cache_delete()
>
> So, I think this code needs to be guarded against concurrent slot removal=
.
>
> I think just giving up is the best (i.e. simplest) route (vs taking some
> additional measures to serialize vs concurrent removal). One concern is t=
hat if
> we've encountered ENOMEM situation where xas_store() is failing, then the
> rollback code also won't work correctly. However, rollback xas_store() wi=
ll
> either replace the current hpage entry with the previous entry, or replac=
e it
> will a NULL entry (had it been a hole previously) -- neither of which wil=
l
> involve any additional allocations -- so we're safe.
>
> Patch to fix this should be following in the next day or so.
>
>

Also, to be clear, the concurrent removal isn't actually a problem on
its own, it's only concurrent removal + subsequent inability to
allocate missing xarray slot that is the issue.