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From:   =?UTF-8?q?Bj=C3=B6rn=20T=C3=B6pel?= <bjorn@kernel.org>
To:     Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>,
        Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>,
        Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>,
        linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org
Cc:     =?UTF-8?q?Bj=C3=B6rn=20T=C3=B6pel?= <bjorn@rivosinc.com>,
        linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-mm@kvack.org,
        linux@rivosinc.com, Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>,
        Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Subject: [PATCH] riscv: mm: Pre-allocate PGD entries vmalloc/modules area
Date:   Mon, 29 May 2023 20:00:23 +0200
Message-Id: <20230529180023.289904-1-bjorn@kernel.org>
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From: Björn Töpel <bjorn@rivosinc.com>

The RISC-V port requires that kernel PGD entries are to be
synchronized between MMs. This is done via the vmalloc_fault()
function, that simply copies the PGD entries from init_mm to the
faulting one.

Historically, faulting in PGD entries have been a source for both bugs
[1], and poor performance.

One way to get rid of vmalloc faults is by pre-allocating the PGD
entries. Pre-allocating the entries potientially wastes 64 * 4K (65 on
SV39). The pre-allocation function is pulled from Jörg Rödel's x86
work, with the addition of 3-level page tables (PMD allocations).

The pmd_alloc() function needs the ptlock cache to be initialized
(when split page locks is enabled), so the pre-allocation is done in a
RISC-V specific pgtable_cache_init() implementation.

Pre-allocate the kernel PGD entries for the vmalloc/modules area, but
only for 64b platforms.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20200508144043.13893-1-joro@8bytes.org/ # [1]
Signed-off-by: Björn Töpel <bjorn@rivosinc.com>
---
 arch/riscv/mm/fault.c | 20 +++------------
 arch/riscv/mm/init.c  | 58 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 62 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/fault.c b/arch/riscv/mm/fault.c
index 8685f85a7474..6b0b5e517e12 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/mm/fault.c
@@ -230,32 +230,20 @@ void handle_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs)
 		return;
 
 	/*
-	 * Fault-in kernel-space virtual memory on-demand.
-	 * The 'reference' page table is init_mm.pgd.
+	 * Fault-in kernel-space virtual memory on-demand, for 32-bit
+	 * architectures.  The 'reference' page table is init_mm.pgd.
 	 *
 	 * NOTE! We MUST NOT take any locks for this case. We may
 	 * be in an interrupt or a critical region, and should
 	 * only copy the information from the master page table,
 	 * nothing more.
 	 */
-	if (unlikely((addr >= VMALLOC_START) && (addr < VMALLOC_END))) {
+	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) &&
+	    unlikely(addr >= VMALLOC_START && addr < VMALLOC_END)) {
 		vmalloc_fault(regs, code, addr);
 		return;
 	}
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
-	/*
-	 * Modules in 64bit kernels lie in their own virtual region which is not
-	 * in the vmalloc region, but dealing with page faults in this region
-	 * or the vmalloc region amounts to doing the same thing: checking that
-	 * the mapping exists in init_mm.pgd and updating user page table, so
-	 * just use vmalloc_fault.
-	 */
-	if (unlikely(addr >= MODULES_VADDR && addr < MODULES_END)) {
-		vmalloc_fault(regs, code, addr);
-		return;
-	}
-#endif
 	/* Enable interrupts if they were enabled in the parent context. */
 	if (!regs_irqs_disabled(regs))
 		local_irq_enable();
diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/init.c b/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
index 747e5b1ef02d..38bd4dd95276 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
@@ -1363,3 +1363,61 @@ int __meminit vmemmap_populate(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int node,
 	return vmemmap_populate_basepages(start, end, node, NULL);
 }
 #endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+/*
+ * Pre-allocates page-table pages for a specific area in the kernel
+ * page-table. Only the level which needs to be synchronized between
+ * all page-tables is allocated because the synchronization can be
+ * expensive.
+ */
+static void __init preallocate_pgd_pages_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
+					       const char *area)
+{
+	unsigned long addr;
+	const char *lvl;
+
+	for (addr = start; addr < end && addr >= start; addr = ALIGN(addr + 1, PGDIR_SIZE)) {
+		pgd_t *pgd = pgd_offset_k(addr);
+		p4d_t *p4d;
+		pud_t *pud;
+		pmd_t *pmd;
+
+		lvl = "p4d";
+		p4d = p4d_alloc(&init_mm, pgd, addr);
+		if (!p4d)
+			goto failed;
+
+		if (pgtable_l5_enabled)
+			continue;
+
+		lvl = "pud";
+		pud = pud_alloc(&init_mm, p4d, addr);
+		if (!pud)
+			goto failed;
+
+		if (pgtable_l4_enabled)
+			continue;
+
+		lvl = "pmd";
+		pmd = pmd_alloc(&init_mm, pud, addr);
+		if (!pmd)
+			goto failed;
+	}
+	return;
+
+failed:
+	/*
+	 * The pages have to be there now or they will be missing in
+	 * process page-tables later.
+	 */
+	panic("Failed to pre-allocate %s pages for %s area\n", lvl, area);
+}
+
+void __init pgtable_cache_init(void)
+{
+	preallocate_pgd_pages_range(VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END, "vmalloc");
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MODULES))
+		preallocate_pgd_pages_range(MODULES_VADDR, MODULES_END, "bpf/modules");
+}
+#endif

base-commit: ac9a78681b921877518763ba0e89202254349d1b
-- 
2.39.2