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Subject: Re: [PATCH] perf top & record: Fix segfault when default cycles event
 is not supported
To:     Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
CC:     <peterz@infradead.org>, <mingo@redhat.com>, <acme@kernel.org>,
        <mark.rutland@arm.com>, <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>,
        <jolsa@kernel.org>, <namhyung@kernel.org>,
        <adrian.hunter@intel.com>, <kan.liang@linux.intel.com>,
        <linux-perf-users@vger.kernel.org>, <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>
References: <20230614151625.2077-1-yangjihong1@huawei.com>
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 <CAP-5=fX6nWRboZ2dWc1h_y0pe5TAgs0QC0qwCeaLcALfJ+5YEA@mail.gmail.com>
From:   Yang Jihong <yangjihong1@huawei.com>
Message-ID: <cc3a669d-570b-2f0d-ce0f-0f4bee417eb2@huawei.com>
Date:   Thu, 15 Jun 2023 19:46:09 +0800
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Hello,

On 2023/6/15 10:04, Ian Rogers wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 14, 2023 at 6:55 PM Yang Jihong <yangjihong1@huawei.com> wrote:
>>
>> Hello,
>>
>> On 2023/6/15 6:03, Ian Rogers wrote:
>>> On Wed, Jun 14, 2023 at 9:18 AM Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> wrote:
>>>>
>>>> On Wed, Jun 14, 2023 at 8:18 AM Yang Jihong <yangjihong1@huawei.com> wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> The perf-record and perf-top call parse_event() to add a cycles event to
>>>>> an empty evlist. For the system that does not support hardware cycles
>>>>> event, such as QEMU, the evlist is empty due to the following code process:
>>>>>
>>>>>     parse_event(evlist, "cycles:P" or ""cycles:Pu")
>>>>>       parse_events(evlist, "cycles:P")
>>>>>         __parse_events
>>>>>           ...
>>>>>           ret = parse_events__scanner(str, &parse_state);
>>>>>           // ret = 0
>>>>>           ...
>>>>>           ret2 = parse_events__sort_events_and_fix_groups()
>>>>>           if (ret2 < 0)
>>>>>             return ret;
>>>>>           // The cycles event is not supported, here ret2 = -EINVAL,
>>>>>           // Here return 0.
>>>>>           ...
>>>>>           evlist__splice_list_tail(evlist)
>>>>>           // The code here does not execute to, so the evlist is still empty.
>>>>>
>>>>> A null pointer occurs when the content in the evlist is accessed later.
>>>>>
>>>>> Before:
>>>>>
>>>>>     # perf list hw
>>>>>
>>>>>     List of pre-defined events (to be used in -e or -M):
>>>>>
>>>>>     # perf record true
>>>>>     libperf: Miscounted nr_mmaps 0 vs 1
>>>>>     WARNING: No sample_id_all support, falling back to unordered processing
>>>>>     perf: Segmentation fault
>>>>>     Obtained 1 stack frames.
>>>>>     [0xc5beff]
>>>>>     Segmentation fault
>>>>>
>>>>> Solution:
>>>>>     If cycles event is not supported, try to fall back to cpu-clock event.
>>>>>
>>>>> After:
>>>>>     # perf record true
>>>>>     [ perf record: Woken up 1 times to write data ]
>>>>>     [ perf record: Captured and wrote 0.006 MB perf.data ]
>>>>>     #
>>>>>
>>>>> Fixes: 7b100989b4f6 ("perf evlist: Remove __evlist__add_default")
>>>>> Signed-off-by: Yang Jihong <yangjihong1@huawei.com>
>>>>
>>>> Thanks, useful addition. The cpu-clock fall back wasn't present before
>>>> 7b100989b4f6 so is the fixes tag correct?
>>>
>>> Hmm... it should be coming from evsel__fallback:
>>> https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/acme/linux.git/tree/tools/perf/util/evsel.c?h=tmp.perf-tools-next#n2840
>>> so we shouldn't duplicate that logic. The question is why we're not
>>> doing the fallback.
>>>
>>
>> Yes, it's a bit of the same logic as evsel__fallback, or we can call
>> evlist__add_default() as before, simply create an evsel of hardware
>> cycles and add it directly to evlist.
>>
>> Please confirm whether this solution is feasible. If it is feasible, I
>> will send a v2 version.
> 
> The previous evlist__add_default logic didn't handle wildcard PMUs for
> cycles, hence wanting to reuse the parse events logic. The error is
> that the logic now isn't doing the fallback properly. I think an
> evlist__add_cycles which uses evsel__fallback makes sense matching the
> previous logic. I'd be happy if you took a look. I'll write a patch so
> that the perf_pmus list of core PMUs is never empty.
> 

The gdb calltrace for core dump is as follows:

(gdb) bt
#0  0x00000000005ffaa2 in __perf_cpu_map__nr (cpus=0x0) at cpumap.c:283
#1  0x00000000005ffd17 in perf_cpu_map__max (map=0x0) at cpumap.c:371
#2  0x0000000000565644 in cpu_map_data__alloc 
(syn_data=syn_data@entry=0x7ffc843bff30, 
header_size=header_size@entry=8) at util/synthetic-events.c:1273
#3  0x0000000000568712 in cpu_map_event__new (map=<optimized out>) at 
util/synthetic-events.c:1321
#4  perf_event__synthesize_cpu_map (tool=tool@entry=0xc37580 <record>, 
map=<optimized out>, process=process@entry=0x413a80 
<process_synthesized_event>, machine=machine@entry=0x0) at 
util/synthetic-events.c:1341
#5  0x000000000041426e in record__synthesize (tail=tail@entry=false, 
rec=0xc37580 <record>) at builtin-record.c:2050
#6  0x0000000000415a0b in __cmd_record (argc=<optimized out>, 
argv=<optimized out>, rec=0xc37580 <record>) at builtin-record.c:2512
#7  0x0000000000418f22 in cmd_record (argc=<optimized out>, 
argv=<optimized out>) at builtin-record.c:4260
#8  0x00000000004babdd in run_builtin (p=p@entry=0xc3a0e8 
<commands+264>, argc=argc@entry=2, argv=argv@entry=0x7ffc843c5b30) at 
perf.c:323
#9  0x0000000000401632 in handle_internal_command (argv=0x7ffc843c5b30, 
argc=2) at perf.c:377
#10 run_argv (argcp=<synthetic pointer>, argv=<synthetic pointer>) at 
perf.c:421
#11 main (argc=2, argv=0x7ffc843c5b30) at perf.c:537

The direct cause of the problem is that rec->evlist->core.all_cpus is 
empty, resulting in null pointer access.

The code process is as follows:

cmd_record
   parse_event(rec->evlist)
   // Hardware cycle events should not be supported here, so rec->evlist 
is empty
   ...

   evlist__create_maps(rec->evlist)
     perf_evlist__set_maps(&rec->evlist->core)
	  perf_evlist__propagate_maps(&rec->evlist->core)
	    perf_evlist__for_each_evsel(&rec->evlist->core, evsel)
		// because rec->evlist is empty, don't get into that 
__perf_evlist__propagate_maps(), so rec->evlist->core.all_cpus is NULL.
		  __perf_evlist__propagate_maps
		    rec->evlist->core.all_cpus = perf_cpu_map__merge(evlist->all_cpus, 
evsel->cpus);
   ...

   __cmd_record
     record__synthesize
       perf_event__synthesize_cpu_map(rec->evlist->core.all_cpus)
         cpu_map_event__new(rec->evlist->core.all_cpus)
		  cpu_map_data__alloc(rec->evlist->core.all_cpus)
		    perf_cpu_map__max(rec->evlist->core.all_cpus)
			  __perf_cpu_map__nr
			  // Here null pointer access!
	...
	
	record__open
       evsel__fallback
	  // Here fallback is just starting


Thanks,
Yang