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From:   David Stevens <stevensd@chromium.org>
To:     Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Cc:     Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>,
        Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>,
        Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>,
        linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, kvmarm@lists.linux.dev,
        linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org,
        kvm@vger.kernel.org, David Stevens <stevensd@chromium.org>
Subject: [PATCH v7 3/8] KVM: Make __kvm_follow_pfn not imply FOLL_GET
Date:   Tue,  4 Jul 2023 16:50:48 +0900
Message-ID: <20230704075054.3344915-4-stevensd@google.com>
In-Reply-To: <20230704075054.3344915-1-stevensd@google.com>
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From: David Stevens <stevensd@chromium.org>

Make it so that __kvm_follow_pfn does not imply FOLL_GET. This allows
callers to resolve a gfn when the associated pfn has a valid struct page
that isn't being actively refcounted (e.g. tail pages of non-compound
higher order pages). For a caller to safely omit FOLL_GET, all usages of
the returned pfn must be guarded by a mmu notifier.

This also adds a is_refcounted_page out parameter to kvm_follow_pfn that
is set when the returned pfn has an associated struct page with a valid
refcount. Callers that don't pass FOLL_GET should remember this value
and use it to avoid places like kvm_is_ad_tracked_page that assume a
non-zero refcount.

Signed-off-by: David Stevens <stevensd@chromium.org>
---
 include/linux/kvm_host.h | 10 ++++++
 virt/kvm/kvm_main.c      | 67 +++++++++++++++++++++-------------------
 virt/kvm/pfncache.c      |  2 +-
 3 files changed, 47 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/kvm_host.h b/include/linux/kvm_host.h
index ef2763c2b12e..a45308c7d2d9 100644
--- a/include/linux/kvm_host.h
+++ b/include/linux/kvm_host.h
@@ -1157,6 +1157,9 @@ unsigned long gfn_to_hva_memslot_prot(struct kvm_memory_slot *slot, gfn_t gfn,
 void kvm_release_page_clean(struct page *page);
 void kvm_release_page_dirty(struct page *page);
 
+void kvm_set_page_accessed(struct page *page);
+void kvm_set_page_dirty(struct page *page);
+
 struct kvm_follow_pfn {
 	const struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
 	gfn_t gfn;
@@ -1164,10 +1167,17 @@ struct kvm_follow_pfn {
 	bool atomic;
 	/* Allow a read fault to create a writeable mapping. */
 	bool allow_write_mapping;
+	/*
+	 * Usage of the returned pfn will be guared by a mmu notifier. Must
+	 * be true if FOLL_GET is not set.
+	 */
+	bool guarded_by_mmu_notifier;
 
 	/* Outputs of __kvm_follow_pfn */
 	hva_t hva;
 	bool writable;
+	/* True if the returned pfn is for a page with a valid refcount. */
+	bool is_refcounted_page;
 };
 
 kvm_pfn_t __kvm_follow_pfn(struct kvm_follow_pfn *foll);
diff --git a/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c b/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c
index b13f22861d2f..0f7b41f220b6 100644
--- a/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c
+++ b/virt/kvm/kvm_main.c
@@ -2502,6 +2502,9 @@ static bool hva_to_pfn_fast(struct kvm_follow_pfn *foll, kvm_pfn_t *pfn)
 	if (get_user_page_fast_only(foll->hva, FOLL_WRITE, page)) {
 		*pfn = page_to_pfn(page[0]);
 		foll->writable = foll->allow_write_mapping;
+		foll->is_refcounted_page = true;
+		if (!(foll->flags & FOLL_GET))
+			put_page(page[0]);
 		return true;
 	}
 
@@ -2525,6 +2528,7 @@ static int hva_to_pfn_slow(struct kvm_follow_pfn *foll, kvm_pfn_t *pfn)
 		return npages;
 
 	foll->writable = (foll->flags & FOLL_WRITE) && foll->allow_write_mapping;
+	foll->is_refcounted_page = true;
 
 	/* map read fault as writable if possible */
 	if (unlikely(!foll->writable) && foll->allow_write_mapping) {
@@ -2537,6 +2541,8 @@ static int hva_to_pfn_slow(struct kvm_follow_pfn *foll, kvm_pfn_t *pfn)
 		}
 	}
 	*pfn = page_to_pfn(page);
+	if (!(foll->flags & FOLL_GET))
+		put_page(page);
 	return npages;
 }
 
@@ -2551,16 +2557,6 @@ static bool vma_is_valid(struct vm_area_struct *vma, bool write_fault)
 	return true;
 }
 
-static int kvm_try_get_pfn(kvm_pfn_t pfn)
-{
-	struct page *page = kvm_pfn_to_refcounted_page(pfn);
-
-	if (!page)
-		return 1;
-
-	return get_page_unless_zero(page);
-}
-
 static int hva_to_pfn_remapped(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct kvm_follow_pfn *foll,
 			       kvm_pfn_t *p_pfn)
 {
@@ -2568,6 +2564,7 @@ static int hva_to_pfn_remapped(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct kvm_follow_pfn
 	pte_t *ptep;
 	spinlock_t *ptl;
 	bool write_fault = foll->flags & FOLL_WRITE;
+	struct page *page;
 	int r;
 
 	r = follow_pte(vma->vm_mm, foll->hva, &ptep, &ptl);
@@ -2599,24 +2596,27 @@ static int hva_to_pfn_remapped(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct kvm_follow_pfn
 	pfn = pte_pfn(*ptep);
 
 	/*
-	 * Get a reference here because callers of *hva_to_pfn* and
-	 * *gfn_to_pfn* ultimately call kvm_release_pfn_clean on the
-	 * returned pfn.  This is only needed if the VMA has VM_MIXEDMAP
-	 * set, but the kvm_try_get_pfn/kvm_release_pfn_clean pair will
-	 * simply do nothing for reserved pfns.
-	 *
-	 * Whoever called remap_pfn_range is also going to call e.g.
-	 * unmap_mapping_range before the underlying pages are freed,
-	 * causing a call to our MMU notifier.
+	 * Now deal with reference counting. If kvm_pfn_to_refcounted_page
+	 * returns NULL, then there's no refcount to worry about.
 	 *
-	 * Certain IO or PFNMAP mappings can be backed with valid
-	 * struct pages, but be allocated without refcounting e.g.,
-	 * tail pages of non-compound higher order allocations, which
-	 * would then underflow the refcount when the caller does the
-	 * required put_page. Don't allow those pages here.
+	 * Otherwise, certain IO or PFNMAP mappings can be backed with valid
+	 * struct pages but be allocated without refcounting e.g., tail pages of
+	 * non-compound higher order allocations. If FOLL_GET is set and we
+	 * increment such a refcount, then when that pfn is eventually passed to
+	 * kvm_release_pfn_clean, its refcount would hit zero and be incorrectly
+	 * freed. Therefore don't allow those pages here when FOLL_GET is set.
 	 */ 
-	if (!kvm_try_get_pfn(pfn))
+	page = kvm_pfn_to_refcounted_page(pfn);
+	if (!page)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (get_page_unless_zero(page)) {
+		foll->is_refcounted_page = true;
+		if (!(foll->flags & FOLL_GET))
+			put_page(page);
+	} else if (foll->flags & FOLL_GET) {
 		r = -EFAULT;
+	}
 
 out:
 	pte_unmap_unlock(ptep, ptl);
@@ -2693,6 +2693,9 @@ kvm_pfn_t hva_to_pfn(struct kvm_follow_pfn *foll)
 
 kvm_pfn_t __kvm_follow_pfn(struct kvm_follow_pfn *foll)
 {
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!(foll->flags & FOLL_GET) && !foll->guarded_by_mmu_notifier))
+		return KVM_PFN_ERR_FAULT;
+
 	foll->hva = __gfn_to_hva_many(foll->slot, foll->gfn, NULL,
 				      foll->flags & FOLL_WRITE);
 
@@ -2717,7 +2720,7 @@ kvm_pfn_t __gfn_to_pfn_memslot(const struct kvm_memory_slot *slot, gfn_t gfn,
 	struct kvm_follow_pfn foll = {
 		.slot = slot,
 		.gfn = gfn,
-		.flags = 0,
+		.flags = FOLL_GET,
 		.atomic = atomic,
 		.allow_write_mapping = !!writable,
 	};
@@ -2749,7 +2752,7 @@ kvm_pfn_t gfn_to_pfn_prot(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t gfn, bool write_fault,
 	struct kvm_follow_pfn foll = {
 		.slot = gfn_to_memslot(kvm, gfn),
 		.gfn = gfn,
-		.flags = write_fault ? FOLL_WRITE : 0,
+		.flags = FOLL_GET | (write_fault ? FOLL_WRITE : 0),
 		.allow_write_mapping = !!writable,
 	};
 	pfn = __kvm_follow_pfn(&foll);
@@ -2764,7 +2767,7 @@ kvm_pfn_t gfn_to_pfn_memslot(const struct kvm_memory_slot *slot, gfn_t gfn)
 	struct kvm_follow_pfn foll = {
 		.slot = slot,
 		.gfn = gfn,
-		.flags = FOLL_WRITE,
+		.flags = FOLL_GET | FOLL_WRITE,
 	};
 	return __kvm_follow_pfn(&foll);
 }
@@ -2775,7 +2778,7 @@ kvm_pfn_t gfn_to_pfn_memslot_atomic(const struct kvm_memory_slot *slot, gfn_t gf
 	struct kvm_follow_pfn foll = {
 		.slot = slot,
 		.gfn = gfn,
-		.flags = FOLL_WRITE,
+		.flags = FOLL_GET | FOLL_WRITE,
 		.atomic = true,
 	};
 	return __kvm_follow_pfn(&foll);
@@ -2930,17 +2933,19 @@ static bool kvm_is_ad_tracked_page(struct page *page)
 	return !PageReserved(page);
 }
 
-static void kvm_set_page_dirty(struct page *page)
+void kvm_set_page_dirty(struct page *page)
 {
 	if (kvm_is_ad_tracked_page(page))
 		SetPageDirty(page);
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_set_page_dirty);
 
-static void kvm_set_page_accessed(struct page *page)
+void kvm_set_page_accessed(struct page *page)
 {
 	if (kvm_is_ad_tracked_page(page))
 		mark_page_accessed(page);
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_set_page_accessed);
 
 void kvm_release_page_clean(struct page *page)
 {
diff --git a/virt/kvm/pfncache.c b/virt/kvm/pfncache.c
index e3fefa753a51..87caafce3dd0 100644
--- a/virt/kvm/pfncache.c
+++ b/virt/kvm/pfncache.c
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ static kvm_pfn_t hva_to_pfn_retry(struct gfn_to_pfn_cache *gpc)
 	struct kvm_follow_pfn foll = {
 		.slot = gpc->memslot,
 		.gfn = gpa_to_gfn(gpc->gpa),
-		.flags = FOLL_WRITE,
+		.flags = FOLL_WRITE | FOLL_GET,
 		.hva = gpc->uhva,
 	};
 
-- 
2.41.0.255.g8b1d071c50-goog