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Date:   Tue, 12 Sep 2023 09:49:08 -0700
From:   "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@kernel.org>
To:     "Liam R. Howlett" <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>,
        Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
        maple-tree@lists.infradead.org, linux-mm@kvack.org,
        linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, stable@vger.kernel.org,
        linux-renesas-soc@vger.kernel.org,
        Shanker Donthineni <sdonthineni@nvidia.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 1/2] maple_tree: Disable mas_wr_append() when other
 readers are possible
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On Tue, Sep 12, 2023 at 11:44:23AM -0400, Liam R. Howlett wrote:
> * Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> [230912 11:07]:
> > On Tue, Sep 12, 2023 at 09:56:17AM -0400, Liam R. Howlett wrote:
> > > * Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> [230912 06:00]:
> > > > On Tue, Sep 12, 2023 at 10:34:44AM +0200, Geert Uytterhoeven wrote:
> > > > > Hi Paul,
> > > > > 
> > > > > On Tue, Sep 12, 2023 at 10:30 AM Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> wrote:
> > > > > > On Tue, Sep 12, 2023 at 10:23:37AM +0200, Geert Uytterhoeven wrote:
> > > > > > > On Tue, Sep 12, 2023 at 10:14 AM Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> wrote:
> > > > > > > > On Mon, Sep 11, 2023 at 07:54:52PM -0400, Liam R. Howlett wrote:
> > > > > > > > > * Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> [230906 14:03]:
> > > > > > > > > > On Wed, Sep 06, 2023 at 01:29:54PM -0400, Liam R. Howlett wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > > * Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> [230906 13:24]:
> > > > > > > > > > > > On Wed, Sep 06, 2023 at 11:23:25AM -0400, Liam R. Howlett wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > > > > (Adding Paul & Shanker to Cc list.. please see below for why)
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > Apologies on the late response, I was away and have been struggling to
> > > > > > > > > > > > > get a working PPC32 test environment.
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > * Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> [230829 12:42]:
> > > > > > > > > > > > > >     Hi Liam,
> > > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Fri, 18 Aug 2023, Liam R. Howlett wrote:
> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > The current implementation of append may cause duplicate data and/or
> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > incorrect ranges to be returned to a reader during an update.  Although
> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > this has not been reported or seen, disable the append write operation
> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > while the tree is in rcu mode out of an abundance of caution.
> > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > ...
> > > > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > ...
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > > RCU-related configs:
> > > > > > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > > > > >     $ grep RCU .config
> > > > > > > > > > > > > >     # RCU Subsystem
> > > > > > > > > > > > > >     CONFIG_TINY_RCU=y
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > I must have been asleep last time I looked at this.  I was looking at
> > > > > > > > Tree RCU.  Please accept my apologies for my lapse.  :-/
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > However, Tiny RCU's call_rcu() also avoids enabling IRQs, so I would
> > > > > > > > have said the same thing, albeit after looking at a lot less RCU code.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > TL;DR:
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > 1.      Try making the __setup_irq() function's call to mutex_lock()
> > > > > > > >         instead be as follows:
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >         if (!mutex_trylock(&desc->request_mutex))
> > > > > > > >                 mutex_lock(&desc->request_mutex);
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >         This might fail if __setup_irq() has other dependencies on a
> > > > > > > >         fully operational scheduler.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > 2.      Move that ppc32 call to __setup_irq() much later, most definitely
> > > > > > > >         after interrupts have been enabled and the scheduler is fully
> > > > > > > >         operational.  Invoking mutex_lock() before that time is not a
> > > > > > > >         good idea.  ;-)
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > There is no call to __setup_irq() from arch/powerpc/?
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Glad it is not just me, given that I didn't see a direct call, either.  So
> > > > > > later in this email, I asked Liam to put a WARN_ON_ONCE(irqs_disabled())
> > > > > > just before that mutex_lock() in __setup_irq().
> > > 
> > > I had already found that this is the mutex lock that is enabling them.
> > > I surrounded the mutex lock to ensure it was not enabled before, but was
> > > after.  Here is the findings:
> > > 
> > > kernel/irq/manage.c:1587 __setup_irq:
> > > [    0.000000] [c0e65ec0] [c00e9b00] __setup_irq+0x6c4/0x840 (unreliable)
> > > [    0.000000] [c0e65ef0] [c00e9d74] request_threaded_irq+0xf8/0x1f4
> > > [    0.000000] [c0e65f20] [c0c27168] pmac_pic_init+0x204/0x5f8
> > > [    0.000000] [c0e65f80] [c0c1f544] init_IRQ+0xac/0x12c
> > > [    0.000000] [c0e65fa0] [c0c1cad0] start_kernel+0x544/0x6d4
> > > 
> > > Note your line number will be slightly different due to my debug.  This
> > > is the WARN _after_ the mutex lock.
> > > 
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Either way, invoking mutex_lock() early in boot before interrupts have
> > > > > > been enabled is a bad idea.  ;-)
> > > > > 
> > > > > I'll add that WARN_ON_ONCE() too, and will report back later today...
> > > > 
> > > > Thank you, looking forward to hearing the outcome!
> > > > 
> > > > > > > Note that there are (possibly different) issues seen on ppc32 and on arm32
> > > > > > > (Renesas RZ/A in particular, but not on other Renesas ARM systems).
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > I saw an issue on arm32 with cfeb6ae8bcb96ccf, but not with cfeb6ae8bcb96ccf^.
> > > > > > > Other people saw an issue on ppc32 with both cfeb6ae8bcb96ccf and
> > > > > > > cfeb6ae8bcb96ccf^.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > I look forward to hearing what is the issue in both cases.
> > > > > 
> > > > > For RZ/A, my problem report is
> > > > > https://lore.kernel.org/all/3f86d58e-7f36-c6b4-c43a-2a7bcffd3bd@linux-m68k.org/
> > > > 
> > > > Thank you, Geert!
> > > > 
> > > > Huh.  Is that patch you reverted causing Maple Tree or related code
> > > > to attempt to acquire mutexes in early boot before interrupts have
> > > > been enabled?
> > > > 
> > > > If that added WARN_ON_ONCE() doesn't trigger early, another approach
> > > > would be to put it at the beginning of mutex_lock().  Or for that matter
> > > > at the beginning of might_sleep().
> > > 
> > > Yeah, I put many WARN() calls through the code as well as tracking down
> > > where TIF_NEED_RESCHED was set; the tiny.c call_rcu().
> > > 
> > > 
> > > So my findings summarized:
> > > 
> > > 1. My change to the maple tree makes call_rcu() more likely on early boot.
> > > 2. The initial thread setup is always set to idle state
> > > 3. call_rcu() tiny sets TIF_NEED_RESCHED since is_idle_task(current)
> > > 4. init_IRQ() takes a mutex lock which will enable the interrupts since
> > > TIF_NEED_RESCHED is set.
> > > 
> > > I don't know which of these things is "wrong".
> > 
> > Doing early-boot call_rcu() is OK.
> > 
> > The initial thread eventually becomes the idle thread for the boot CPU.
> > See rest_init() in init/main.c.
> > 
> > I can certainly make Tiny call_rcu() refrain from invoking resched_cpu()
> > during boot, as shown in the (untested) patch below.  This might result in
> > boot-time hangs, though.
> 
> If we set the current thread as !idle, then we don't need to add
> overhead to every call_rcu(), and you've already tracked down where I
> need to change the flags back to idle.  Patch below.

I personally like your patch way better than mine, but it will need both
eyes and time on it.  I wouldn't put it past someone to assume that the
boot CPU is running the idle thread early in boot.  :-/

> > The thought of doing mutex_lock() before interrupts are enabled on the
> > boot CPU strikes me as very wrong.  Others might argue that the fact
> > that __might_resched() explicitly avoids complaining when system_state
> > is equal to SYSTEM_BOOTING constitutes evidence that such calls are OK.
> > (Which might be why enabling debug suppressed the problem.)  Except that
> > if you actually try sleeping at that time, nothing good can possibly
> > happen.
> 
> Does lockdep check for SYSTEM_BOOTING as well?  That could be another
> reason?

Not from what I can see, but I could be missing something.

> > So my question is why is it useful to setup interrupts that early, given
> > that interrupts cannot possibly happen until the boot CPU enables them?
> 
> I don't know for sure, but there are 'preallocated IRQs' which end up
> grouped 0-15, then I see another one added at 55 after the mpic console
> output.  I suspect it's so that they can be added as they are discovered
> during early boot?

Christophe argues that the interrupt stacks must be allocated early
on, and that this acquires a mutex.

> The below is not fully tested, but qemu stops throwing the warning on
> boot and it doesn't add instructions to call_rcu().

Two points in its favor!  ;-)

							Thanx, Paul

> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> diff --git a/init/main.c b/init/main.c
> index dbe1fe76be34..fd4739918a94 100644
> --- a/init/main.c
> +++ b/init/main.c
> @@ -696,7 +696,7 @@ noinline void __ref __noreturn rest_init(void)
>  	 */
>  	rcu_read_lock();
>  	tsk = find_task_by_pid_ns(pid, &init_pid_ns);
> -	tsk->flags |= PF_NO_SETAFFINITY;
> +	tsk->flags |= PF_NO_SETAFFINITY & PF_IDLE;
>  	set_cpus_allowed_ptr(tsk, cpumask_of(smp_processor_id()));
>  	rcu_read_unlock();
>  
> @@ -943,6 +943,7 @@ void start_kernel(void)
>  	 * time - but meanwhile we still have a functioning scheduler.
>  	 */
>  	sched_init();
> +	current->flags &= ~PF_IDLE;
>  
>  	if (WARN(!irqs_disabled(),
>  		 "Interrupts were enabled *very* early, fixing it\n"))
> 
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> > 
> > diff --git a/kernel/rcu/tiny.c b/kernel/rcu/tiny.c
> > index fec804b79080..f00fb0855e4b 100644
> > --- a/kernel/rcu/tiny.c
> > +++ b/kernel/rcu/tiny.c
> > @@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ void call_rcu(struct rcu_head *head, rcu_callback_t func)
> >  	rcu_ctrlblk.curtail = &head->next;
> >  	local_irq_restore(flags);
> >  
> > -	if (unlikely(is_idle_task(current))) {
> > +	if (unlikely(is_idle_task(current)) && system_state > SYSTEM_BOOTING) {
> >  		/* force scheduling for rcu_qs() */
> >  		resched_cpu(0);
> >  	}