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From:   Stefan Roesch <shr@devkernel.io>
To:     kernel-team@fb.com
Cc:     shr@devkernel.io, akpm@linux-foundation.org, david@redhat.com,
        hannes@cmpxchg.org, riel@surriel.com, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
        linux-mm@kvack.org
Subject: [PATCH v1 0/4] Smart scanning mode for KSM
Date:   Tue, 12 Sep 2023 10:52:24 -0700
Message-Id: <20230912175228.952039-1-shr@devkernel.io>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
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This patch series adds "smart scanning" for KSM.

What is smart scanning?
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KSM evaluates all the candidate pages for each scan. It does not use hist=
oric
information from previous scans. This has the effect that candidate pages=
 that
couldn't be used for KSM de-duplication continue to be evaluated for each=
 scan.

The idea of "smart scanning" is to keep historic information. With the hi=
storic
information we can temporarily skip the candidate page for one or several=
 scans.

Details:
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"Smart scanning" is to keep two small counters to store if the page has b=
een
used for KSM. One counter stores how often we already tried to use the pa=
ge for
KSM and the other counter stores when a page will be used as a candidate =
page
again.

How often we skip the candidate page depends how often a page failed KSM
de-duplication. The code skips a maximum of 8 times. During testing this =
has
shown to be a good compromise for different workloads.

New sysfs knob:
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Smart scanning is not enabled by default. With /sys/kernel/mm/ksm/smart_s=
can
smart scanning can be enabled.

Monitoring:
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To monitor how effective smart scanning is a new sysfs knob has been intr=
oduced.
/sys/kernel/mm/pages_skipped report how many pages have been skipped by s=
mart
scanning.

Results:
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- Various workloads have shown a 20% - 25% reduction in page scans
  For the instagram workload for instance, the number of pages scanned ha=
s been
  reduced from over 20M pages per scan to less than 15M pages.
- Less pages scans also resulted in an overall higher de-duplication rate=
 as
  some shorter lived pages could be de-duplicated additionally
- Less pages scanned allows to reduce the pages_to_scan parameter
  and this resulted in  a 25% reduction in terms of CPU.
- The improvements have been observed for workloads that enable KSM with
  madvise as well as prctl


Stefan Roesch (4):
  mm/ksm: add "smart" page scanning mode
  mm/ksm: add pages_skipped metric
  mm/ksm: document smart scan mode
  mm/ksm: document pages_skipped sysfs knob

 Documentation/admin-guide/mm/ksm.rst | 11 ++++
 mm/ksm.c                             | 87 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 98 insertions(+)


base-commit: 15bcc9730fcd7526a3b92eff105d6701767a53bb
--=20
2.39.3