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Date:   Thu, 30 Nov 2023 09:30:34 +0100
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Subject: Re: [PATCH v5 23/23] integrity: Switch from rbtree to LSM-managed
 blob for integrity_iint_cache
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To:     Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>,
        Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huaweicloud.com>,
        Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Cc:     viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk, brauner@kernel.org,
        chuck.lever@oracle.com, jlayton@kernel.org, neilb@suse.de,
        kolga@netapp.com, Dai.Ngo@oracle.com, tom@talpey.com,
        jmorris@namei.org, serge@hallyn.com, zohar@linux.ibm.com,
        dmitry.kasatkin@gmail.com, dhowells@redhat.com, jarkko@kernel.org,
        stephen.smalley.work@gmail.com, eparis@parisplace.org,
        mic@digikod.net, linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org,
        linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, linux-nfs@vger.kernel.org,
        linux-security-module@vger.kernel.org,
        linux-integrity@vger.kernel.org, keyrings@vger.kernel.org,
        selinux@vger.kernel.org, Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com>
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From:   Petr Tesarik <petrtesarik@huaweicloud.com>
In-Reply-To: <366a6e5f-d43d-4266-8421-a8a05938a8fd@schaufler-ca.com>
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Hi all,

On 11/30/2023 1:41 AM, Casey Schaufler wrote:
> On 11/29/2023 10:46 AM, Roberto Sassu wrote:
>> On 11/29/2023 6:22 PM, Paul Moore wrote:
>>> On Wed, Nov 29, 2023 at 7:28 AM Roberto Sassu
>>> <roberto.sassu@huaweicloud.com> wrote:
>>>>
>>>> On Mon, 2023-11-20 at 16:06 -0500, Paul Moore wrote:
>>>>> On Mon, Nov 20, 2023 at 3:16 AM Roberto Sassu
>>>>> <roberto.sassu@huaweicloud.com> wrote:
>>>>>> On Fri, 2023-11-17 at 15:57 -0500, Paul Moore wrote:
>>>>>>> On Nov  7, 2023 Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huaweicloud.com> wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Before the security field of kernel objects could be shared
>>>>>>>> among LSMs with
>>>>>>>> the LSM stacking feature, IMA and EVM had to rely on an
>>>>>>>> alternative storage
>>>>>>>> of inode metadata. The association between inode metadata and
>>>>>>>> inode is
>>>>>>>> maintained through an rbtree.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Because of this alternative storage mechanism, there was no need
>>>>>>>> to use
>>>>>>>> disjoint inode metadata, so IMA and EVM today still share them.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> With the reservation mechanism offered by the LSM
>>>>>>>> infrastructure, the
>>>>>>>> rbtree is no longer necessary, as each LSM could reserve a space
>>>>>>>> in the
>>>>>>>> security blob for each inode. However, since IMA and EVM share the
>>>>>>>> inode metadata, they cannot directly reserve the space for them.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Instead, request from the 'integrity' LSM a space in the
>>>>>>>> security blob for
>>>>>>>> the pointer of inode metadata (integrity_iint_cache structure).
>>>>>>>> The other
>>>>>>>> reason for keeping the 'integrity' LSM is to preserve the
>>>>>>>> original ordering
>>>>>>>> of IMA and EVM functions as when they were hardcoded.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Prefer reserving space for a pointer to allocating the
>>>>>>>> integrity_iint_cache
>>>>>>>> structure directly, as IMA would require it only for a subset of
>>>>>>>> inodes.
>>>>>>>> Always allocating it would cause a waste of memory.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Introduce two primitives for getting and setting the pointer of
>>>>>>>> integrity_iint_cache in the security blob, respectively
>>>>>>>> integrity_inode_get_iint() and integrity_inode_set_iint(). This
>>>>>>>> would make
>>>>>>>> the code more understandable, as they directly replace rbtree
>>>>>>>> operations.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Locking is not needed, as access to inode metadata is not
>>>>>>>> shared, it is per
>>>>>>>> inode.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Signed-off-by: Roberto Sassu <roberto.sassu@huawei.com>
>>>>>>>> Reviewed-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
>>>>>>>> Reviewed-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>
>>>>>>>> ---
>>>>>>>>   security/integrity/iint.c      | 71
>>>>>>>> +++++-----------------------------
>>>>>>>>   security/integrity/integrity.h | 20 +++++++++-
>>>>>>>>   2 files changed, 29 insertions(+), 62 deletions(-)
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> diff --git a/security/integrity/iint.c b/security/integrity/iint.c
>>>>>>>> index 882fde2a2607..a5edd3c70784 100644
>>>>>>>> --- a/security/integrity/iint.c
>>>>>>>> +++ b/security/integrity/iint.c
>>>>>>>> @@ -231,6 +175,10 @@ static int __init integrity_lsm_init(void)
>>>>>>>>      return 0;
>>>>>>>>   }
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> +struct lsm_blob_sizes integrity_blob_sizes __ro_after_init = {
>>>>>>>> +   .lbs_inode = sizeof(struct integrity_iint_cache *),
>>>>>>>> +};
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I'll admit that I'm likely missing an important detail, but is there
>>>>>>> a reason why you couldn't stash the integrity_iint_cache struct
>>>>>>> directly in the inode's security blob instead of the pointer?  For
>>>>>>> example:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>    struct lsm_blob_sizes ... = {
>>>>>>>      .lbs_inode = sizeof(struct integrity_iint_cache),
>>>>>>>    };
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>    struct integrity_iint_cache *integrity_inode_get(inode)
>>>>>>>    {
>>>>>>>      if (unlikely(!inode->isecurity))
>>>>>>>        return NULL;
>>>>>>>      return inode->i_security + integrity_blob_sizes.lbs_inode;
>>>>>>>    }
>>>>>>
>>>>>> It would increase memory occupation. Sometimes the IMA policy
>>>>>> encompasses a small subset of the inodes. Allocating the full
>>>>>> integrity_iint_cache would be a waste of memory, I guess?
>>>>>
>>>>> Perhaps, but if it allows us to remove another layer of dynamic memory
>>>>> I would argue that it may be worth the cost.  It's also worth
>>>>> considering the size of integrity_iint_cache, while it isn't small, it
>>>>> isn't exactly huge either.
>>>>>
>>>>>> On the other hand... (did not think fully about that) if we embed the
>>>>>> full structure in the security blob, we already have a mutex
>>>>>> available
>>>>>> to use, and we don't need to take the inode lock (?).
>>>>>
>>>>> That would be excellent, getting rid of a layer of locking would be
>>>>> significant.
>>>>>
>>>>>> I'm fully convinced that we can improve the implementation
>>>>>> significantly. I just was really hoping to go step by step and not
>>>>>> accumulating improvements as dependency for moving IMA and EVM to the
>>>>>> LSM infrastructure.
>>>>>
>>>>> I understand, and I agree that an iterative approach is a good idea, I
>>>>> just want to make sure we keep things tidy from a user perspective,
>>>>> i.e. not exposing the "integrity" LSM when it isn't required.
>>>>
>>>> Ok, I went back to it again.
>>>>
>>>> I think trying to separate integrity metadata is premature now, too
>>>> many things at the same time.
>>>
>>> I'm not bothered by the size of the patchset, it is more important
>>> that we do The Right Thing.  I would like to hear in more detail why
>>> you don't think this will work, I'm not interested in hearing about
>>> difficult it may be, I'm interested in hearing about what challenges
>>> we need to solve to do this properly.
>>
>> The right thing in my opinion is to achieve the goal with the minimal
>> set of changes, in the most intuitive way.
>>
>> Until now, there was no solution that could achieve the primary goal
>> of this patch set (moving IMA and EVM to the LSM infrastructure) and,
>> at the same time, achieve the additional goal you set of removing the
>> 'integrity' LSM.
>>
>> If you see the diff, the changes compared to v5 that was already
>> accepted by Mimi are very straightforward. If the assumption I made
>> that in the end the 'ima' LSM could take over the role of the
>> 'integrity' LSM, that for me is the preferable option.
>>
>> Given that the patch set is not doing any design change, but merely
>> moving calls and storing pointers elsewhere, that leaves us with the
>> option of thinking better what to do next, including like you
>> suggested to make IMA and EVM use disjoint metadata.
>>
>>>> I started to think, does EVM really need integrity metadata or it can
>>>> work without?
>>>>
>>>> The fact is that CONFIG_IMA=n and CONFIG_EVM=y is allowed, so we have
>>>> the same problem now. What if we make IMA the one that manages
>>>> integrity metadata, so that we can remove the 'integrity' LSM?
>>>
>>> I guess we should probably revisit the basic idea of if it even makes
>>> sense to enable EVM without IMA?  Should we update the Kconfig to
>>> require IMA when EVM is enabled?
>>
>> That would be up to Mimi. Also this does not seem the main focus of
>> the patch set.
>>
>>>> Regarding the LSM order, I would take Casey's suggestion of introducing
>>>> LSM_ORDER_REALLY_LAST, for EVM.
>>>
>>> Please understand that I really dislike that we have imposed ordering
>>> constraints at the LSM layer, but I do understand the necessity (the
>>> BPF LSM ordering upsets me the most).  I really don't want to see us
>>> make things worse by adding yet another ordering bucket, I would
>>> rather that we document it well and leave it alone ... basically treat
>>> it like the BPF LSM (grrrrrr).
>>
>> Uhm, that would not be possible right away (the BPF LSM is mutable),
>> remember that we defined LSM_ORDER_LAST so that an LSM can be always
>> enable and placed as last (requested by Mimi)?
> 
> It would be nice if the solution directly addresses the problem.
> EVM needs to be after the LSMs that use xattrs, not after all LSMs.
> I suggested LSM_ORDER_REALLY_LAST in part to identify the notion as
> unattractive.

Excuse me to chime in, but do we really need the ordering in code? FWIW
the linker guarantees that objects appear in the order they are seen
during the link (unless --sort-section overrides that default, but this
option is not used in the kernel). Since *.a archive files are used in
kbuild, I have also verified that their use does not break the
assumption; they are always created from scratch.

In short, to enforce an ordering, you can simply list the corresponding
object files in that order in the Makefile. Of course, add a big fat
warning comment, so people understand the order is not arbitrary.

Just my two eurocents,
Petr T