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Date: Sat, 6 Jan 2024 21:47:00 +0800
From: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org>
To: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>,
	Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>,
	Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>, linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org,
	linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH] riscv: Add support for BATCHED_UNMAP_TLB_FLUSH
Message-ID: <ZZlZ1HEhDuj4Ojwd@xhacker>
References: <20240102141851.105144-1-alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
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On Fri, Jan 05, 2024 at 02:36:44PM +0100, Alexandre Ghiti wrote:
> On Thu, Jan 4, 2024 at 6:42 PM Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Jisheng,
> >
> > On Wed, Jan 3, 2024 at 12:10 PM Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org> wrote:
> > >
> > > On Tue, Jan 02, 2024 at 03:18:51PM +0100, Alexandre Ghiti wrote:
> > > > Allow to defer the flushing of the TLB when unmapping pges, which allows
> > > > to reduce the numbers of IPI and the number of sfence.vma.
> > > >
> > > > The ubenchmarch used in commit 43b3dfdd0455 ("arm64: support
> > > > batched/deferred tlb shootdown during page reclamation/migration") shows
> > > > good performance improvement and perf reports an important decrease in
> > > > time spent flushing the tlb (results come from qemu):
> > >
> > > Hi Alex,
> > >
> > > I tried this micro benchmark with your patch on T-HEAD TH1520 platform, I
> > > didn't see any performance improvement for the micro benchmark. Per
> > > myunderstanding, the micro benchmark is special case for arm64 because
> > > in a normal tlb flush flow, below sequence is necessary:
> > >
> > > tlbi
> > > dsb
> > >
> > >
> > > while with BATCHED_UNMAP_TLB_FLUSH, the arm64 just does 'tlbi', leaving
> > > the dsb to the arch_tlbbatch_flush(). So the final result is
> > >
> > > several 'tlbi + dsb' sequence VS. several 'tlbi' instructions + only one dsb
> > > The performance improvement comes from the unnecessary dsb eliminations.
> >
> > Some batching should take place, and with this patch, we only send one
> > "full" sfence.vma instead of a "local" sfence.vma for each page, it
> > seems weird that you don't see any improvement, I would have thought
> > that one "full" sfence.vma would be better.
> >
> > >
> > > Do you have suitable benchmark(s) for BATCHED_UNMAP_TLB_FLUSH on riscv?
> >
> > Can you give the following benchmark a try? I simply created threads
> > and dispatched them on all the cpus to force IPI usage, that should be
> > way better if the batching of the first ubenchmark is not enough to
> > exacerbate performance improvements, let me know and thanks for your
> > tests!
> >
> > #define _GNU_SOURCE
> > #include <pthread.h>
> > #include <sys/types.h>
> > #include <unistd.h>
> > #include <sys/mman.h>
> > #include <string.h>
> > #include <errno.h>
> > #include <sched.h>
> > #include <time.h>
> >
> > int stick_this_thread_to_core(int core_id) {
> >         int num_cores = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
> >         if (core_id < 0 || core_id >= num_cores)
> >            return EINVAL;
> >
> >         cpu_set_t cpuset;
> >         CPU_ZERO(&cpuset);
> >         CPU_SET(core_id, &cpuset);
> >
> >         pthread_t current_thread = pthread_self();
> >         return pthread_setaffinity_np(current_thread,
> > sizeof(cpu_set_t), &cpuset);
> > }
> >
> > static void *fn_thread (void *p_data)
> > {
> >         int ret;
> >         pthread_t thread;
> >
> >         stick_this_thread_to_core((int)p_data);
> >
> >         while (1) {
> >                 sleep(1);
> >         }
> >
> >         return NULL;
> > }
> >
> > int main()
> > {
> > #define SIZE (1 * 1024 * 1024)
> >         volatile unsigned char *p = mmap(NULL, SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
> >                                          MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
> >         pthread_t threads[4];
> >         int ret;
> >
> >         for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
> >                 ret = pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, fn_thread, (void *)i);
> >                 if (ret)
> >                 {
> >                         printf("%s", strerror (ret));
> >                 }
> >         }
> >
> >         memset(p, 0x88, SIZE);
> >
> >         for (int k = 0; k < 500 /* 10000 */; k++) {
> >                 /* swap in */
> >                 for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i += 4096) {
> >                         (void)p[i];
> >                 }
> >
> >                 /* swap out */
> >                 madvise(p, SIZE, MADV_PAGEOUT);
> >         }
> >
> >         for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
> >         {
> >                 pthread_cancel(threads[i]);
> >         }
> >
> >         for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
> >         {
> >                 pthread_join(threads[i], NULL);
> >         }
> >
> >         return 0;
> >
> > }
> >
> 
> So I removed the dust from my unmatched and ran the benchmarks I proposed:
> 
> Without this patch:
> * benchmark from commit 43b3dfdd0455 (4 runs)  : ~20.3s
> * same benchmark with threads (4 runs)                : ~27.4s
> 
> With this patch:
> * benchmark from commit 43b3dfdd0455 (4 runs)  : ~17.9s
> * same benchmark with threads (4 runs)                : ~18.1s
> 
> So a small improvement for the single thread benchmark, but it depends
> on the number of pages that get flushed, so to me that's not
> applicable for the general case. For the same benchmark with multiple
> threads, that's ~34% improvement. I'll add those numbers to the v2,
> and JIsheng if you can provide some too, I'll add them too!

Hi Alex,

the threaded version show ~78% improvement! impressive!

So for the patch:

Reviewed-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org>

Thanks
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Alex
> 
> > >
> > > Thanks
> > >
> > > >
> > > > Before this patch:
> > > >
> > > > real  2m1.135s
> > > > user  0m0.980s
> > > > sys   2m0.096s
> > > >
> > > > 4.83%  batch_tlb  [kernel.kallsyms]            [k] __flush_tlb_range
> > > >
> > > > After this patch:
> > > >
> > > > real  1m0.543s
> > > > user  0m1.059s
> > > > sys   0m59.489s
> > > >
> > > > 0.14%  batch_tlb  [kernel.kallsyms]            [k] __flush_tlb_range
> > > >
> > > > Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com>
> > > > ---
> > > >  arch/riscv/Kconfig                |  1 +
> > > >  arch/riscv/include/asm/tlbbatch.h | 15 +++++++
> > > >  arch/riscv/include/asm/tlbflush.h | 10 +++++
> > > >  arch/riscv/mm/tlbflush.c          | 71 ++++++++++++++++++++++---------
> > > >  4 files changed, 77 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)
> > > >  create mode 100644 arch/riscv/include/asm/tlbbatch.h
> > > >
> > > > diff --git a/arch/riscv/Kconfig b/arch/riscv/Kconfig
> > > > index 7603bd8ab333..aa07bd43b138 100644
> > > > --- a/arch/riscv/Kconfig
> > > > +++ b/arch/riscv/Kconfig
> > > > @@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ config RISCV
> > > >       select ARCH_USE_MEMTEST
> > > >       select ARCH_USE_QUEUED_RWLOCKS
> > > >       select ARCH_USES_CFI_TRAPS if CFI_CLANG
> > > > +     select ARCH_WANT_BATCHED_UNMAP_TLB_FLUSH if SMP && MMU
> > > >       select ARCH_WANT_DEFAULT_TOPDOWN_MMAP_LAYOUT if MMU
> > > >       select ARCH_WANT_FRAME_POINTERS
> > > >       select ARCH_WANT_GENERAL_HUGETLB if !RISCV_ISA_SVNAPOT
> > > > diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/tlbbatch.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/tlbbatch.h
> > > > new file mode 100644
> > > > index 000000000000..46014f70b9da
> > > > --- /dev/null
> > > > +++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/tlbbatch.h
> > > > @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
> > > > +/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
> > > > +/*
> > > > + * Copyright (C) 2023 Rivos Inc.
> > > > + */
> > > > +
> > > > +#ifndef _ASM_RISCV_TLBBATCH_H
> > > > +#define _ASM_RISCV_TLBBATCH_H
> > > > +
> > > > +#include <linux/cpumask.h>
> > > > +
> > > > +struct arch_tlbflush_unmap_batch {
> > > > +     struct cpumask cpumask;
> > > > +};
> > > > +
> > > > +#endif /* _ASM_RISCV_TLBBATCH_H */
> > > > diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/tlbflush.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/tlbflush.h
> > > > index 8f3418c5f172..f0b731ccc0c2 100644
> > > > --- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/tlbflush.h
> > > > +++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/tlbflush.h
> > > > @@ -46,6 +46,16 @@ void flush_tlb_kernel_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
> > > >  void flush_pmd_tlb_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
> > > >                       unsigned long end);
> > > >  #endif
> > > > +
> > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_WANT_BATCHED_UNMAP_TLB_FLUSH
> > > > +bool arch_tlbbatch_should_defer(struct mm_struct *mm);
> > > > +void arch_tlbbatch_add_pending(struct arch_tlbflush_unmap_batch *batch,
> > > > +                            struct mm_struct *mm,
> > > > +                            unsigned long uaddr);
> > > > +void arch_flush_tlb_batched_pending(struct mm_struct *mm);
> > > > +void arch_tlbbatch_flush(struct arch_tlbflush_unmap_batch *batch);
> > > > +#endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_WANT_BATCHED_UNMAP_TLB_FLUSH */
> > > > +
> > > >  #else /* CONFIG_SMP && CONFIG_MMU */
> > > >
> > > >  #define flush_tlb_all() local_flush_tlb_all()
> > > > diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/tlbflush.c b/arch/riscv/mm/tlbflush.c
> > > > index e6659d7368b3..bb623bca0a7d 100644
> > > > --- a/arch/riscv/mm/tlbflush.c
> > > > +++ b/arch/riscv/mm/tlbflush.c
> > > > @@ -93,29 +93,23 @@ static void __ipi_flush_tlb_range_asid(void *info)
> > > >       local_flush_tlb_range_asid(d->start, d->size, d->stride, d->asid);
> > > >  }
> > > >
> > > > -static void __flush_tlb_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start,
> > > > -                           unsigned long size, unsigned long stride)
> > > > +static void __flush_tlb_range(struct cpumask *cmask, unsigned long asid,
> > > > +                           unsigned long start, unsigned long size,
> > > > +                           unsigned long stride)
> > > >  {
> > > >       struct flush_tlb_range_data ftd;
> > > > -     const struct cpumask *cmask;
> > > > -     unsigned long asid = FLUSH_TLB_NO_ASID;
> > > >       bool broadcast;
> > > >
> > > > -     if (mm) {
> > > > -             unsigned int cpuid;
> > > > +     if (cpumask_empty(cmask))
> > > > +             return;
> > > >
> > > > -             cmask = mm_cpumask(mm);
> > > > -             if (cpumask_empty(cmask))
> > > > -                     return;
> > > > +     if (cmask != cpu_online_mask) {
> > > > +             unsigned int cpuid;
> > > >
> > > >               cpuid = get_cpu();
> > > >               /* check if the tlbflush needs to be sent to other CPUs */
> > > >               broadcast = cpumask_any_but(cmask, cpuid) < nr_cpu_ids;
> > > > -
> > > > -             if (static_branch_unlikely(&use_asid_allocator))
> > > > -                     asid = atomic_long_read(&mm->context.id) & asid_mask;
> > > >       } else {
> > > > -             cmask = cpu_online_mask;
> > > >               broadcast = true;
> > > >       }
> > > >
> > > > @@ -135,25 +129,34 @@ static void __flush_tlb_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start,
> > > >               local_flush_tlb_range_asid(start, size, stride, asid);
> > > >       }
> > > >
> > > > -     if (mm)
> > > > +     if (cmask != cpu_online_mask)
> > > >               put_cpu();
> > > >  }
> > > >
> > > > +static inline unsigned long get_mm_asid(struct mm_struct *mm)
> > > > +{
> > > > +     return static_branch_unlikely(&use_asid_allocator) ?
> > > > +                     atomic_long_read(&mm->context.id) & asid_mask : FLUSH_TLB_NO_ASID;
> > > > +}
> > > > +
> > > >  void flush_tlb_mm(struct mm_struct *mm)
> > > >  {
> > > > -     __flush_tlb_range(mm, 0, FLUSH_TLB_MAX_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
> > > > +     __flush_tlb_range(mm_cpumask(mm), get_mm_asid(mm),
> > > > +                       0, FLUSH_TLB_MAX_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
> > > >  }
> > > >
> > > >  void flush_tlb_mm_range(struct mm_struct *mm,
> > > >                       unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
> > > >                       unsigned int page_size)
> > > >  {
> > > > -     __flush_tlb_range(mm, start, end - start, page_size);
> > > > +     __flush_tlb_range(mm_cpumask(mm), get_mm_asid(mm),
> > > > +                       start, end - start, page_size);
> > > >  }
> > > >
> > > >  void flush_tlb_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr)
> > > >  {
> > > > -     __flush_tlb_range(vma->vm_mm, addr, PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
> > > > +     __flush_tlb_range(mm_cpumask(vma->vm_mm), get_mm_asid(vma->vm_mm),
> > > > +                       addr, PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
> > > >  }
> > > >
> > > >  void flush_tlb_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
> > > > @@ -185,18 +188,46 @@ void flush_tlb_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
> > > >               }
> > > >       }
> > > >
> > > > -     __flush_tlb_range(vma->vm_mm, start, end - start, stride_size);
> > > > +     __flush_tlb_range(mm_cpumask(vma->vm_mm), get_mm_asid(vma->vm_mm),
> > > > +                       start, end - start, stride_size);
> > > >  }
> > > >
> > > >  void flush_tlb_kernel_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
> > > >  {
> > > > -     __flush_tlb_range(NULL, start, end - start, PAGE_SIZE);
> > > > +     __flush_tlb_range((struct cpumask *)cpu_online_mask, FLUSH_TLB_NO_ASID,
> > > > +                       start, end - start, PAGE_SIZE);
> > > >  }
> > > >
> > > >  #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
> > > >  void flush_pmd_tlb_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
> > > >                       unsigned long end)
> > > >  {
> > > > -     __flush_tlb_range(vma->vm_mm, start, end - start, PMD_SIZE);
> > > > +     __flush_tlb_range(mm_cpumask(vma->vm_mm), get_mm_asid(vma->vm_mm),
> > > > +                       start, end - start, PMD_SIZE);
> > > >  }
> > > >  #endif
> > > > +
> > > > +#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_WANT_BATCHED_UNMAP_TLB_FLUSH
> > > > +bool arch_tlbbatch_should_defer(struct mm_struct *mm)
> > > > +{
> > > > +     return true;
> > > > +}
> > > > +
> > > > +void arch_tlbbatch_add_pending(struct arch_tlbflush_unmap_batch *batch,
> > > > +                            struct mm_struct *mm,
> > > > +                            unsigned long uaddr)
> > > > +{
> > > > +     cpumask_or(&batch->cpumask, &batch->cpumask, mm_cpumask(mm));
> > > > +}
> > > > +
> > > > +void arch_flush_tlb_batched_pending(struct mm_struct *mm)
> > > > +{
> > > > +     flush_tlb_mm(mm);
> > > > +}
> > > > +
> > > > +void arch_tlbbatch_flush(struct arch_tlbflush_unmap_batch *batch)
> > > > +{
> > > > +     __flush_tlb_range(&batch->cpumask, FLUSH_TLB_NO_ASID, 0,
> > > > +                       FLUSH_TLB_MAX_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
> > > > +}
> > > > +#endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_WANT_BATCHED_UNMAP_TLB_FLUSH */
> > > > --
> > > > 2.39.2
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > _______________________________________________
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