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charset="UTF-8" Hello, I found a more stable reproducer =* repro.txt =* r0 = socket$netlink(0x10, 0x3, 0x0) writev(r0, &(0x7f0000000040)=[{&(0x7f0000000080)="3900000013000b4600bb65e1c3e4fffff9ffff7f37000000560000022500000019000a001000000007fd17e5ffff080004000000000000000a", 0x39}], 0x1) r1 = socket$netlink(0x10, 0x3, 0x0) writev(r1, &(0x7f0000000040)=[{&(0x7f0000000080)="3900000013000b4600bb65e1c3e4ffff0100000036000000560000022500000019000a001000000007fd17e5ffff080004000000000000000a", 0x39}], 0x1) =* repro.c =* #define _GNU_SOURCE #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include static unsigned long long procid; static bool write_file(const char* file, const char* what, ...) { char buf[1024]; va_list args; va_start(args, what); vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), what, args); va_end(args); buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = 0; int len = strlen(buf); int fd = open(file, O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC); if (fd == -1) return false; if (write(fd, buf, len) != len) { int err = errno; close(fd); errno = err; return false; } close(fd); return true; } struct nlmsg { char* pos; int nesting; struct nlattr* nested[8]; char buf[4096]; }; static void netlink_init(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int typ, int flags, const void* data, int size) { memset(nlmsg, 0, sizeof(*nlmsg)); struct nlmsghdr* hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)nlmsg->buf; hdr->nlmsg_type = typ; hdr->nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ACK | flags; memcpy(hdr + 1, data, size); nlmsg->pos = (char*)(hdr + 1) + NLMSG_ALIGN(size); } static void netlink_attr(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int typ, const void* data, int size) { struct nlattr* attr = (struct nlattr*)nlmsg->pos; attr->nla_len = sizeof(*attr) + size; attr->nla_type = typ; if (size > 0) memcpy(attr + 1, data, size); nlmsg->pos += NLMSG_ALIGN(attr->nla_len); } static void netlink_nest(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int typ) { struct nlattr* attr = (struct nlattr*)nlmsg->pos; attr->nla_type = typ; nlmsg->pos += sizeof(*attr); nlmsg->nested[nlmsg->nesting++] = attr; } static void netlink_done(struct nlmsg* nlmsg) { struct nlattr* attr = nlmsg->nested[--nlmsg->nesting]; attr->nla_len = nlmsg->pos - (char*)attr; } static int netlink_send_ext(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, uint16_t reply_type, int* reply_len, bool dofail) { if (nlmsg->pos > nlmsg->buf + sizeof(nlmsg->buf) || nlmsg->nesting) exit(1); struct nlmsghdr* hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)nlmsg->buf; hdr->nlmsg_len = nlmsg->pos - nlmsg->buf; struct sockaddr_nl addr; memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr)); addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK; ssize_t n = sendto(sock, nlmsg->buf, hdr->nlmsg_len, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)); if (n != (ssize_t)hdr->nlmsg_len) { if (dofail) exit(1); return -1; } n = recv(sock, nlmsg->buf, sizeof(nlmsg->buf), 0); if (reply_len) *reply_len = 0; if (n < 0) { if (dofail) exit(1); return -1; } if (n < (ssize_t)sizeof(struct nlmsghdr)) { errno = EINVAL; if (dofail) exit(1); return -1; } if (hdr->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_DONE) return 0; if (reply_len && hdr->nlmsg_type == reply_type) { *reply_len = n; return 0; } if (n < (ssize_t)(sizeof(struct nlmsghdr) + sizeof(struct nlmsgerr))) { errno = EINVAL; if (dofail) exit(1); return -1; } if (hdr->nlmsg_type != NLMSG_ERROR) { errno = EINVAL; if (dofail) exit(1); return -1; } errno = -((struct nlmsgerr*)(hdr + 1))->error; return -errno; } static int netlink_send(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock) { return netlink_send_ext(nlmsg, sock, 0, NULL, true); } static int netlink_query_family_id(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* family_name, bool dofail) { struct genlmsghdr genlhdr; memset(&genlhdr, 0, sizeof(genlhdr)); genlhdr.cmd = CTRL_CMD_GETFAMILY; netlink_init(nlmsg, GENL_ID_CTRL, 0, &genlhdr, sizeof(genlhdr)); netlink_attr(nlmsg, CTRL_ATTR_FAMILY_NAME, family_name, strnlen(family_name, GENL_NAMSIZ - 1) + 1); int n = 0; int err = netlink_send_ext(nlmsg, sock, GENL_ID_CTRL, &n, dofail); if (err < 0) { return -1; } uint16_t id = 0; struct nlattr* attr = (struct nlattr*)(nlmsg->buf + NLMSG_HDRLEN + NLMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(genlhdr))); for (; (char*)attr < nlmsg->buf + n; attr = (struct nlattr*)((char*)attr + NLMSG_ALIGN(attr->nla_len))) { if (attr->nla_type == CTRL_ATTR_FAMILY_ID) { id = *(uint16_t*)(attr + 1); break; } } if (!id) { errno = EINVAL; return -1; } recv(sock, nlmsg->buf, sizeof(nlmsg->buf), 0); return id; } static int netlink_next_msg(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, unsigned int offset, unsigned int total_len) { struct nlmsghdr* hdr = (struct nlmsghdr*)(nlmsg->buf + offset); if (offset == total_len || offset + hdr->nlmsg_len > total_len) return -1; return hdr->nlmsg_len; } static void netlink_add_device_impl(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, const char* type, const char* name, bool up) { struct ifinfomsg hdr; memset(&hdr, 0, sizeof(hdr)); if (up) hdr.ifi_flags = hdr.ifi_change = IFF_UP; netlink_init(nlmsg, RTM_NEWLINK, NLM_F_EXCL | NLM_F_CREATE, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)); if (name) netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_IFNAME, name, strlen(name)); netlink_nest(nlmsg, IFLA_LINKINFO); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_INFO_KIND, type, strlen(type)); } static void netlink_add_device(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* type, const char* name) { netlink_add_device_impl(nlmsg, type, name, false); netlink_done(nlmsg); int err = netlink_send(nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } } static void netlink_add_veth(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* name, const char* peer) { netlink_add_device_impl(nlmsg, "veth", name, false); netlink_nest(nlmsg, IFLA_INFO_DATA); netlink_nest(nlmsg, VETH_INFO_PEER); nlmsg->pos += sizeof(struct ifinfomsg); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_IFNAME, peer, strlen(peer)); netlink_done(nlmsg); netlink_done(nlmsg); netlink_done(nlmsg); int err = netlink_send(nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } } static void netlink_add_xfrm(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* name) { netlink_add_device_impl(nlmsg, "xfrm", name, true); netlink_nest(nlmsg, IFLA_INFO_DATA); int if_id = 1; netlink_attr(nlmsg, 2, &if_id, sizeof(if_id)); netlink_done(nlmsg); netlink_done(nlmsg); int err = netlink_send(nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } } static void netlink_add_hsr(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* name, const char* slave1, const char* slave2) { netlink_add_device_impl(nlmsg, "hsr", name, false); netlink_nest(nlmsg, IFLA_INFO_DATA); int ifindex1 = if_nametoindex(slave1); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_HSR_SLAVE1, &ifindex1, sizeof(ifindex1)); int ifindex2 = if_nametoindex(slave2); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_HSR_SLAVE2, &ifindex2, sizeof(ifindex2)); netlink_done(nlmsg); netlink_done(nlmsg); int err = netlink_send(nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } } static void netlink_add_linked(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* type, const char* name, const char* link) { netlink_add_device_impl(nlmsg, type, name, false); netlink_done(nlmsg); int ifindex = if_nametoindex(link); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_LINK, &ifindex, sizeof(ifindex)); int err = netlink_send(nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } } static void netlink_add_vlan(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* name, const char* link, uint16_t id, uint16_t proto) { netlink_add_device_impl(nlmsg, "vlan", name, false); netlink_nest(nlmsg, IFLA_INFO_DATA); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_VLAN_ID, &id, sizeof(id)); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_VLAN_PROTOCOL, &proto, sizeof(proto)); netlink_done(nlmsg); netlink_done(nlmsg); int ifindex = if_nametoindex(link); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_LINK, &ifindex, sizeof(ifindex)); int err = netlink_send(nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } } static void netlink_add_macvlan(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* name, const char* link) { netlink_add_device_impl(nlmsg, "macvlan", name, false); netlink_nest(nlmsg, IFLA_INFO_DATA); uint32_t mode = MACVLAN_MODE_BRIDGE; netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_MACVLAN_MODE, &mode, sizeof(mode)); netlink_done(nlmsg); netlink_done(nlmsg); int ifindex = if_nametoindex(link); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_LINK, &ifindex, sizeof(ifindex)); int err = netlink_send(nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } } static void netlink_add_geneve(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* name, uint32_t vni, struct in_addr* addr4, struct in6_addr* addr6) { netlink_add_device_impl(nlmsg, "geneve", name, false); netlink_nest(nlmsg, IFLA_INFO_DATA); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_GENEVE_ID, &vni, sizeof(vni)); if (addr4) netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_GENEVE_REMOTE, addr4, sizeof(*addr4)); if (addr6) netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_GENEVE_REMOTE6, addr6, sizeof(*addr6)); netlink_done(nlmsg); netlink_done(nlmsg); int err = netlink_send(nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } } #define IFLA_IPVLAN_FLAGS 2 #define IPVLAN_MODE_L3S 2 #undef IPVLAN_F_VEPA #define IPVLAN_F_VEPA 2 static void netlink_add_ipvlan(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* name, const char* link, uint16_t mode, uint16_t flags) { netlink_add_device_impl(nlmsg, "ipvlan", name, false); netlink_nest(nlmsg, IFLA_INFO_DATA); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_IPVLAN_MODE, &mode, sizeof(mode)); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_IPVLAN_FLAGS, &flags, sizeof(flags)); netlink_done(nlmsg); netlink_done(nlmsg); int ifindex = if_nametoindex(link); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_LINK, &ifindex, sizeof(ifindex)); int err = netlink_send(nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } } static void netlink_device_change(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* name, bool up, const char* master, const void* mac, int macsize, const char* new_name) { struct ifinfomsg hdr; memset(&hdr, 0, sizeof(hdr)); if (up) hdr.ifi_flags = hdr.ifi_change = IFF_UP; hdr.ifi_index = if_nametoindex(name); netlink_init(nlmsg, RTM_NEWLINK, 0, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)); if (new_name) netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_IFNAME, new_name, strlen(new_name)); if (master) { int ifindex = if_nametoindex(master); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_MASTER, &ifindex, sizeof(ifindex)); } if (macsize) netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFLA_ADDRESS, mac, macsize); int err = netlink_send(nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } } static int netlink_add_addr(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* dev, const void* addr, int addrsize) { struct ifaddrmsg hdr; memset(&hdr, 0, sizeof(hdr)); hdr.ifa_family = addrsize == 4 ? AF_INET : AF_INET6; hdr.ifa_prefixlen = addrsize == 4 ? 24 : 120; hdr.ifa_scope = RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE; hdr.ifa_index = if_nametoindex(dev); netlink_init(nlmsg, RTM_NEWADDR, NLM_F_CREATE | NLM_F_REPLACE, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFA_LOCAL, addr, addrsize); netlink_attr(nlmsg, IFA_ADDRESS, addr, addrsize); return netlink_send(nlmsg, sock); } static void netlink_add_addr4(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* dev, const char* addr) { struct in_addr in_addr; inet_pton(AF_INET, addr, &in_addr); int err = netlink_add_addr(nlmsg, sock, dev, &in_addr, sizeof(in_addr)); if (err < 0) { } } static void netlink_add_addr6(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* dev, const char* addr) { struct in6_addr in6_addr; inet_pton(AF_INET6, addr, &in6_addr); int err = netlink_add_addr(nlmsg, sock, dev, &in6_addr, sizeof(in6_addr)); if (err < 0) { } } static void netlink_add_neigh(struct nlmsg* nlmsg, int sock, const char* name, const void* addr, int addrsize, const void* mac, int macsize) { struct ndmsg hdr; memset(&hdr, 0, sizeof(hdr)); hdr.ndm_family = addrsize == 4 ? AF_INET : AF_INET6; hdr.ndm_ifindex = if_nametoindex(name); hdr.ndm_state = NUD_PERMANENT; netlink_init(nlmsg, RTM_NEWNEIGH, NLM_F_EXCL | NLM_F_CREATE, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)); netlink_attr(nlmsg, NDA_DST, addr, addrsize); netlink_attr(nlmsg, NDA_LLADDR, mac, macsize); int err = netlink_send(nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } } static struct nlmsg nlmsg; static int tunfd = -1; #define TUN_IFACE "syz_tun" #define LOCAL_MAC 0xaaaaaaaaaaaa #define REMOTE_MAC 0xaaaaaaaaaabb #define LOCAL_IPV4 "172.20.20.170" #define REMOTE_IPV4 "172.20.20.187" #define LOCAL_IPV6 "fe80::aa" #define REMOTE_IPV6 "fe80::bb" #define IFF_NAPI 0x0010 static void initialize_tun(void) { tunfd = open("/dev/net/tun", O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK); if (tunfd == -1) { printf("tun: can't open /dev/net/tun: please enable CONFIG_TUN=y\n"); printf("otherwise fuzzing or reproducing might not work as intended\n"); return; } const int kTunFd = 200; if (dup2(tunfd, kTunFd) < 0) exit(1); close(tunfd); tunfd = kTunFd; struct ifreq ifr; memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr)); strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, TUN_IFACE, IFNAMSIZ); ifr.ifr_flags = IFF_TAP | IFF_NO_PI; if (ioctl(tunfd, TUNSETIFF, (void*)&ifr) < 0) { exit(1); } char sysctl[64]; sprintf(sysctl, "/proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/%s/accept_dad", TUN_IFACE); write_file(sysctl, "0"); sprintf(sysctl, "/proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/%s/router_solicitations", TUN_IFACE); write_file(sysctl, "0"); int sock = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_ROUTE); if (sock == -1) exit(1); netlink_add_addr4(&nlmsg, sock, TUN_IFACE, LOCAL_IPV4); netlink_add_addr6(&nlmsg, sock, TUN_IFACE, LOCAL_IPV6); uint64_t macaddr = REMOTE_MAC; struct in_addr in_addr; inet_pton(AF_INET, REMOTE_IPV4, &in_addr); netlink_add_neigh(&nlmsg, sock, TUN_IFACE, &in_addr, sizeof(in_addr), &macaddr, ETH_ALEN); struct in6_addr in6_addr; inet_pton(AF_INET6, REMOTE_IPV6, &in6_addr); netlink_add_neigh(&nlmsg, sock, TUN_IFACE, &in6_addr, sizeof(in6_addr), &macaddr, ETH_ALEN); macaddr = LOCAL_MAC; netlink_device_change(&nlmsg, sock, TUN_IFACE, true, 0, &macaddr, ETH_ALEN, NULL); close(sock); } #define DEVLINK_FAMILY_NAME "devlink" #define DEVLINK_CMD_PORT_GET 5 #define DEVLINK_ATTR_BUS_NAME 1 #define DEVLINK_ATTR_DEV_NAME 2 #define DEVLINK_ATTR_NETDEV_NAME 7 static struct nlmsg nlmsg2; static void initialize_devlink_ports(const char* bus_name, const char* dev_name, const char* netdev_prefix) { struct genlmsghdr genlhdr; int len, total_len, id, err, offset; uint16_t netdev_index; int sock = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_GENERIC); if (sock == -1) exit(1); int rtsock = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_ROUTE); if (rtsock == -1) exit(1); id = netlink_query_family_id(&nlmsg, sock, DEVLINK_FAMILY_NAME, true); if (id == -1) goto error; memset(&genlhdr, 0, sizeof(genlhdr)); genlhdr.cmd = DEVLINK_CMD_PORT_GET; netlink_init(&nlmsg, id, NLM_F_DUMP, &genlhdr, sizeof(genlhdr)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, DEVLINK_ATTR_BUS_NAME, bus_name, strlen(bus_name) + 1); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, DEVLINK_ATTR_DEV_NAME, dev_name, strlen(dev_name) + 1); err = netlink_send_ext(&nlmsg, sock, id, &total_len, true); if (err < 0) { goto error; } offset = 0; netdev_index = 0; while ((len = netlink_next_msg(&nlmsg, offset, total_len)) != -1) { struct nlattr* attr = (struct nlattr*)(nlmsg.buf + offset + NLMSG_HDRLEN + NLMSG_ALIGN(sizeof(genlhdr))); for (; (char*)attr < nlmsg.buf + offset + len; attr = (struct nlattr*)((char*)attr + NLMSG_ALIGN(attr->nla_len))) { if (attr->nla_type == DEVLINK_ATTR_NETDEV_NAME) { char* port_name; char netdev_name[IFNAMSIZ]; port_name = (char*)(attr + 1); snprintf(netdev_name, sizeof(netdev_name), "%s%d", netdev_prefix, netdev_index); netlink_device_change(&nlmsg2, rtsock, port_name, true, 0, 0, 0, netdev_name); break; } } offset += len; netdev_index++; } error: close(rtsock); close(sock); } #define DEV_IPV4 "172.20.20.%d" #define DEV_IPV6 "fe80::%02x" #define DEV_MAC 0x00aaaaaaaaaa static void netdevsim_add(unsigned int addr, unsigned int port_count) { write_file("/sys/bus/netdevsim/del_device", "%u", addr); if (write_file("/sys/bus/netdevsim/new_device", "%u %u", addr, port_count)) { char buf[32]; snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "netdevsim%d", addr); initialize_devlink_ports("netdevsim", buf, "netdevsim"); } } #define WG_GENL_NAME "wireguard" enum wg_cmd { WG_CMD_GET_DEVICE, WG_CMD_SET_DEVICE, }; enum wgdevice_attribute { WGDEVICE_A_UNSPEC, WGDEVICE_A_IFINDEX, WGDEVICE_A_IFNAME, WGDEVICE_A_PRIVATE_KEY, WGDEVICE_A_PUBLIC_KEY, WGDEVICE_A_FLAGS, WGDEVICE_A_LISTEN_PORT, WGDEVICE_A_FWMARK, WGDEVICE_A_PEERS, }; enum wgpeer_attribute { WGPEER_A_UNSPEC, WGPEER_A_PUBLIC_KEY, WGPEER_A_PRESHARED_KEY, WGPEER_A_FLAGS, WGPEER_A_ENDPOINT, WGPEER_A_PERSISTENT_KEEPALIVE_INTERVAL, WGPEER_A_LAST_HANDSHAKE_TIME, WGPEER_A_RX_BYTES, WGPEER_A_TX_BYTES, WGPEER_A_ALLOWEDIPS, WGPEER_A_PROTOCOL_VERSION, }; enum wgallowedip_attribute { WGALLOWEDIP_A_UNSPEC, WGALLOWEDIP_A_FAMILY, WGALLOWEDIP_A_IPADDR, WGALLOWEDIP_A_CIDR_MASK, }; static void netlink_wireguard_setup(void) { const char ifname_a[] = "wg0"; const char ifname_b[] = "wg1"; const char ifname_c[] = "wg2"; const char private_a[] = "\xa0\x5c\xa8\x4f\x6c\x9c\x8e\x38\x53\xe2\xfd\x7a\x70\xae\x0f\xb2\x0f\xa1" "\x52\x60\x0c\xb0\x08\x45\x17\x4f\x08\x07\x6f\x8d\x78\x43"; const char private_b[] = "\xb0\x80\x73\xe8\xd4\x4e\x91\xe3\xda\x92\x2c\x22\x43\x82\x44\xbb\x88\x5c" "\x69\xe2\x69\xc8\xe9\xd8\x35\xb1\x14\x29\x3a\x4d\xdc\x6e"; const char private_c[] = "\xa0\xcb\x87\x9a\x47\xf5\xbc\x64\x4c\x0e\x69\x3f\xa6\xd0\x31\xc7\x4a\x15" "\x53\xb6\xe9\x01\xb9\xff\x2f\x51\x8c\x78\x04\x2f\xb5\x42"; const char public_a[] = "\x97\x5c\x9d\x81\xc9\x83\xc8\x20\x9e\xe7\x81\x25\x4b\x89\x9f\x8e\xd9\x25" "\xae\x9f\x09\x23\xc2\x3c\x62\xf5\x3c\x57\xcd\xbf\x69\x1c"; const char public_b[] = "\xd1\x73\x28\x99\xf6\x11\xcd\x89\x94\x03\x4d\x7f\x41\x3d\xc9\x57\x63\x0e" "\x54\x93\xc2\x85\xac\xa4\x00\x65\xcb\x63\x11\xbe\x69\x6b"; const char public_c[] = "\xf4\x4d\xa3\x67\xa8\x8e\xe6\x56\x4f\x02\x02\x11\x45\x67\x27\x08\x2f\x5c" "\xeb\xee\x8b\x1b\xf5\xeb\x73\x37\x34\x1b\x45\x9b\x39\x22"; const uint16_t listen_a = 20001; const uint16_t listen_b = 20002; const uint16_t listen_c = 20003; const uint16_t af_inet = AF_INET; const uint16_t af_inet6 = AF_INET6; const struct sockaddr_in endpoint_b_v4 = { .sin_family = AF_INET, .sin_port = htons(listen_b), .sin_addr = {htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK)}}; const struct sockaddr_in endpoint_c_v4 = { .sin_family = AF_INET, .sin_port = htons(listen_c), .sin_addr = {htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK)}}; struct sockaddr_in6 endpoint_a_v6 = {.sin6_family = AF_INET6, .sin6_port = htons(listen_a)}; endpoint_a_v6.sin6_addr = in6addr_loopback; struct sockaddr_in6 endpoint_c_v6 = {.sin6_family = AF_INET6, .sin6_port = htons(listen_c)}; endpoint_c_v6.sin6_addr = in6addr_loopback; const struct in_addr first_half_v4 = {0}; const struct in_addr second_half_v4 = {(uint32_t)htonl(128 << 24)}; const struct in6_addr first_half_v6 = {{{0}}}; const struct in6_addr second_half_v6 = {{{0x80}}}; const uint8_t half_cidr = 1; const uint16_t persistent_keepalives[] = {1, 3, 7, 9, 14, 19}; struct genlmsghdr genlhdr = {.cmd = WG_CMD_SET_DEVICE, .version = 1}; int sock; int id, err; sock = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_GENERIC); if (sock == -1) { return; } id = netlink_query_family_id(&nlmsg, sock, WG_GENL_NAME, true); if (id == -1) goto error; netlink_init(&nlmsg, id, 0, &genlhdr, sizeof(genlhdr)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGDEVICE_A_IFNAME, ifname_a, strlen(ifname_a) + 1); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGDEVICE_A_PRIVATE_KEY, private_a, 32); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGDEVICE_A_LISTEN_PORT, &listen_a, 2); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | WGDEVICE_A_PEERS); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_PUBLIC_KEY, public_b, 32); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_ENDPOINT, &endpoint_b_v4, sizeof(endpoint_b_v4)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_PERSISTENT_KEEPALIVE_INTERVAL, &persistent_keepalives[0], 2); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | WGPEER_A_ALLOWEDIPS); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_FAMILY, &af_inet, 2); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_IPADDR, &first_half_v4, sizeof(first_half_v4)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_CIDR_MASK, &half_cidr, 1); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_FAMILY, &af_inet6, 2); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_IPADDR, &first_half_v6, sizeof(first_half_v6)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_CIDR_MASK, &half_cidr, 1); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_PUBLIC_KEY, public_c, 32); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_ENDPOINT, &endpoint_c_v6, sizeof(endpoint_c_v6)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_PERSISTENT_KEEPALIVE_INTERVAL, &persistent_keepalives[1], 2); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | WGPEER_A_ALLOWEDIPS); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_FAMILY, &af_inet, 2); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_IPADDR, &second_half_v4, sizeof(second_half_v4)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_CIDR_MASK, &half_cidr, 1); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_FAMILY, &af_inet6, 2); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_IPADDR, &second_half_v6, sizeof(second_half_v6)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_CIDR_MASK, &half_cidr, 1); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); err = netlink_send(&nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } netlink_init(&nlmsg, id, 0, &genlhdr, sizeof(genlhdr)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGDEVICE_A_IFNAME, ifname_b, strlen(ifname_b) + 1); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGDEVICE_A_PRIVATE_KEY, private_b, 32); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGDEVICE_A_LISTEN_PORT, &listen_b, 2); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | WGDEVICE_A_PEERS); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_PUBLIC_KEY, public_a, 32); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_ENDPOINT, &endpoint_a_v6, sizeof(endpoint_a_v6)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_PERSISTENT_KEEPALIVE_INTERVAL, &persistent_keepalives[2], 2); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | WGPEER_A_ALLOWEDIPS); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_FAMILY, &af_inet, 2); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_IPADDR, &first_half_v4, sizeof(first_half_v4)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_CIDR_MASK, &half_cidr, 1); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_FAMILY, &af_inet6, 2); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_IPADDR, &first_half_v6, sizeof(first_half_v6)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_CIDR_MASK, &half_cidr, 1); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_PUBLIC_KEY, public_c, 32); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_ENDPOINT, &endpoint_c_v4, sizeof(endpoint_c_v4)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_PERSISTENT_KEEPALIVE_INTERVAL, &persistent_keepalives[3], 2); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | WGPEER_A_ALLOWEDIPS); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_FAMILY, &af_inet, 2); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_IPADDR, &second_half_v4, sizeof(second_half_v4)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_CIDR_MASK, &half_cidr, 1); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_FAMILY, &af_inet6, 2); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_IPADDR, &second_half_v6, sizeof(second_half_v6)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_CIDR_MASK, &half_cidr, 1); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); err = netlink_send(&nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } netlink_init(&nlmsg, id, 0, &genlhdr, sizeof(genlhdr)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGDEVICE_A_IFNAME, ifname_c, strlen(ifname_c) + 1); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGDEVICE_A_PRIVATE_KEY, private_c, 32); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGDEVICE_A_LISTEN_PORT, &listen_c, 2); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | WGDEVICE_A_PEERS); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_PUBLIC_KEY, public_a, 32); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_ENDPOINT, &endpoint_a_v6, sizeof(endpoint_a_v6)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_PERSISTENT_KEEPALIVE_INTERVAL, &persistent_keepalives[4], 2); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | WGPEER_A_ALLOWEDIPS); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_FAMILY, &af_inet, 2); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_IPADDR, &first_half_v4, sizeof(first_half_v4)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_CIDR_MASK, &half_cidr, 1); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_FAMILY, &af_inet6, 2); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_IPADDR, &first_half_v6, sizeof(first_half_v6)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_CIDR_MASK, &half_cidr, 1); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_PUBLIC_KEY, public_b, 32); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_ENDPOINT, &endpoint_b_v4, sizeof(endpoint_b_v4)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGPEER_A_PERSISTENT_KEEPALIVE_INTERVAL, &persistent_keepalives[5], 2); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | WGPEER_A_ALLOWEDIPS); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_FAMILY, &af_inet, 2); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_IPADDR, &second_half_v4, sizeof(second_half_v4)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_CIDR_MASK, &half_cidr, 1); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_nest(&nlmsg, NLA_F_NESTED | 0); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_FAMILY, &af_inet6, 2); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_IPADDR, &second_half_v6, sizeof(second_half_v6)); netlink_attr(&nlmsg, WGALLOWEDIP_A_CIDR_MASK, &half_cidr, 1); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); netlink_done(&nlmsg); err = netlink_send(&nlmsg, sock); if (err < 0) { } error: close(sock); } static void initialize_netdevices(void) { char netdevsim[16]; sprintf(netdevsim, "netdevsim%d", (int)procid); struct { const char* type; const char* dev; } devtypes[] = { {"ip6gretap", "ip6gretap0"}, {"bridge", "bridge0"}, {"vcan", "vcan0"}, {"bond", "bond0"}, {"team", "team0"}, {"dummy", "dummy0"}, {"nlmon", "nlmon0"}, {"caif", "caif0"}, {"batadv", "batadv0"}, {"vxcan", "vxcan1"}, {"veth", 0}, {"wireguard", "wg0"}, {"wireguard", "wg1"}, {"wireguard", "wg2"}, }; const char* devmasters[] = {"bridge", "bond", "team", "batadv"}; struct { const char* name; int macsize; bool noipv6; } devices[] = { {"lo", ETH_ALEN}, {"sit0", 0}, {"bridge0", ETH_ALEN}, {"vcan0", 0, true}, {"tunl0", 0}, {"gre0", 0}, {"gretap0", ETH_ALEN}, {"ip_vti0", 0}, {"ip6_vti0", 0}, {"ip6tnl0", 0}, {"ip6gre0", 0}, {"ip6gretap0", ETH_ALEN}, {"erspan0", ETH_ALEN}, {"bond0", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth0", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth1", ETH_ALEN}, {"team0", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth0_to_bridge", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth1_to_bridge", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth0_to_bond", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth1_to_bond", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth0_to_team", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth1_to_team", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth0_to_hsr", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth1_to_hsr", ETH_ALEN}, {"hsr0", 0}, {"dummy0", ETH_ALEN}, {"nlmon0", 0}, {"vxcan0", 0, true}, {"vxcan1", 0, true}, {"caif0", ETH_ALEN}, {"batadv0", ETH_ALEN}, {netdevsim, ETH_ALEN}, {"xfrm0", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth0_virt_wifi", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth1_virt_wifi", ETH_ALEN}, {"virt_wifi0", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth0_vlan", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth1_vlan", ETH_ALEN}, {"vlan0", ETH_ALEN}, {"vlan1", ETH_ALEN}, {"macvlan0", ETH_ALEN}, {"macvlan1", ETH_ALEN}, {"ipvlan0", ETH_ALEN}, {"ipvlan1", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth0_macvtap", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth1_macvtap", ETH_ALEN}, {"macvtap0", ETH_ALEN}, {"macsec0", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth0_to_batadv", ETH_ALEN}, {"veth1_to_batadv", ETH_ALEN}, {"batadv_slave_0", ETH_ALEN}, {"batadv_slave_1", ETH_ALEN}, {"geneve0", ETH_ALEN}, {"geneve1", ETH_ALEN}, {"wg0", 0}, {"wg1", 0}, {"wg2", 0}, }; int sock = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_ROUTE); if (sock == -1) exit(1); unsigned i; for (i = 0; i < sizeof(devtypes) / sizeof(devtypes[0]); i++) netlink_add_device(&nlmsg, sock, devtypes[i].type, devtypes[i].dev); for (i = 0; i < sizeof(devmasters) / (sizeof(devmasters[0])); i++) { char master[32], slave0[32], veth0[32], slave1[32], veth1[32]; sprintf(slave0, "%s_slave_0", devmasters[i]); sprintf(veth0, "veth0_to_%s", devmasters[i]); netlink_add_veth(&nlmsg, sock, slave0, veth0); sprintf(slave1, "%s_slave_1", devmasters[i]); sprintf(veth1, "veth1_to_%s", devmasters[i]); netlink_add_veth(&nlmsg, sock, slave1, veth1); sprintf(master, "%s0", devmasters[i]); netlink_device_change(&nlmsg, sock, slave0, false, master, 0, 0, NULL); netlink_device_change(&nlmsg, sock, slave1, false, master, 0, 0, NULL); } netlink_add_xfrm(&nlmsg, sock, "xfrm0"); netlink_device_change(&nlmsg, sock, "bridge_slave_0", true, 0, 0, 0, NULL); netlink_device_change(&nlmsg, sock, "bridge_slave_1", true, 0, 0, 0, NULL); netlink_add_veth(&nlmsg, sock, "hsr_slave_0", "veth0_to_hsr"); netlink_add_veth(&nlmsg, sock, "hsr_slave_1", "veth1_to_hsr"); netlink_add_hsr(&nlmsg, sock, "hsr0", "hsr_slave_0", "hsr_slave_1"); netlink_device_change(&nlmsg, sock, "hsr_slave_0", true, 0, 0, 0, NULL); netlink_device_change(&nlmsg, sock, "hsr_slave_1", true, 0, 0, 0, NULL); netlink_add_veth(&nlmsg, sock, "veth0_virt_wifi", "veth1_virt_wifi"); netlink_add_linked(&nlmsg, sock, "virt_wifi", "virt_wifi0", "veth1_virt_wifi"); netlink_add_veth(&nlmsg, sock, "veth0_vlan", "veth1_vlan"); netlink_add_vlan(&nlmsg, sock, "vlan0", "veth0_vlan", 0, htons(ETH_P_8021Q)); netlink_add_vlan(&nlmsg, sock, "vlan1", "veth0_vlan", 1, htons(ETH_P_8021AD)); netlink_add_macvlan(&nlmsg, sock, "macvlan0", "veth1_vlan"); netlink_add_macvlan(&nlmsg, sock, "macvlan1", "veth1_vlan"); netlink_add_ipvlan(&nlmsg, sock, "ipvlan0", "veth0_vlan", IPVLAN_MODE_L2, 0); netlink_add_ipvlan(&nlmsg, sock, "ipvlan1", "veth0_vlan", IPVLAN_MODE_L3S, IPVLAN_F_VEPA); netlink_add_veth(&nlmsg, sock, "veth0_macvtap", "veth1_macvtap"); netlink_add_linked(&nlmsg, sock, "macvtap", "macvtap0", "veth0_macvtap"); netlink_add_linked(&nlmsg, sock, "macsec", "macsec0", "veth1_macvtap"); char addr[32]; sprintf(addr, DEV_IPV4, 14 + 10); struct in_addr geneve_addr4; if (inet_pton(AF_INET, addr, &geneve_addr4) <= 0) exit(1); struct in6_addr geneve_addr6; if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, "fc00::01", &geneve_addr6) <= 0) exit(1); netlink_add_geneve(&nlmsg, sock, "geneve0", 0, &geneve_addr4, 0); netlink_add_geneve(&nlmsg, sock, "geneve1", 1, 0, &geneve_addr6); netdevsim_add((int)procid, 4); netlink_wireguard_setup(); for (i = 0; i < sizeof(devices) / (sizeof(devices[0])); i++) { char addr[32]; sprintf(addr, DEV_IPV4, i + 10); netlink_add_addr4(&nlmsg, sock, devices[i].name, addr); if (!devices[i].noipv6) { sprintf(addr, DEV_IPV6, i + 10); netlink_add_addr6(&nlmsg, sock, devices[i].name, addr); } uint64_t macaddr = DEV_MAC + ((i + 10ull) << 40); netlink_device_change(&nlmsg, sock, devices[i].name, true, 0, &macaddr, devices[i].macsize, NULL); } close(sock); } static void initialize_netdevices_init(void) { int sock = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_ROUTE); if (sock == -1) exit(1); struct { const char* type; int macsize; bool noipv6; bool noup; } devtypes[] = { {"nr", 7, true}, {"rose", 5, true, true}, }; unsigned i; for (i = 0; i < sizeof(devtypes) / sizeof(devtypes[0]); i++) { char dev[32], addr[32]; sprintf(dev, "%s%d", devtypes[i].type, (int)procid); sprintf(addr, "172.30.%d.%d", i, (int)procid + 1); netlink_add_addr4(&nlmsg, sock, dev, addr); if (!devtypes[i].noipv6) { sprintf(addr, "fe88::%02x:%02x", i, (int)procid + 1); netlink_add_addr6(&nlmsg, sock, dev, addr); } int macsize = devtypes[i].macsize; uint64_t macaddr = 0xbbbbbb + ((unsigned long long)i << (8 * (macsize - 2))) + (procid << (8 * (macsize - 1))); netlink_device_change(&nlmsg, sock, dev, !devtypes[i].noup, 0, &macaddr, macsize, NULL); } close(sock); } static void setup_common() { if (mount(0, "/sys/fs/fuse/connections", "fusectl", 0, 0)) { } } static void setup_binderfs() { if (mkdir("/dev/binderfs", 0777)) { } if (mount("binder", "/dev/binderfs", "binder", 0, NULL)) { } if (symlink("/dev/binderfs", "./binderfs")) { } } static void loop(); static void sandbox_common() { prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGKILL, 0, 0, 0); setsid(); struct rlimit rlim; rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = (200 << 20); setrlimit(RLIMIT_AS, &rlim); rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = 32 << 20; setrlimit(RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, &rlim); rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = 136 << 20; setrlimit(RLIMIT_FSIZE, &rlim); rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = 1 << 20; setrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rlim); rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = 128 << 20; setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim); rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = 256; setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rlim); if (unshare(CLONE_NEWNS)) { } if (mount(NULL, "/", NULL, MS_REC | MS_PRIVATE, NULL)) { } if (unshare(CLONE_NEWIPC)) { } if (unshare(0x02000000)) { } if (unshare(CLONE_NEWUTS)) { } if (unshare(CLONE_SYSVSEM)) { } typedef struct { const char* name; const char* value; } sysctl_t; static const sysctl_t sysctls[] = { {"/proc/sys/kernel/shmmax", "16777216"}, {"/proc/sys/kernel/shmall", "536870912"}, {"/proc/sys/kernel/shmmni", "1024"}, {"/proc/sys/kernel/msgmax", "8192"}, {"/proc/sys/kernel/msgmni", "1024"}, {"/proc/sys/kernel/msgmnb", "1024"}, {"/proc/sys/kernel/sem", "1024 1048576 500 1024"}, }; unsigned i; for (i = 0; i < sizeof(sysctls) / sizeof(sysctls[0]); i++) write_file(sysctls[i].name, sysctls[i].value); } static int wait_for_loop(int pid) { if (pid < 0) exit(1); int status = 0; while (waitpid(-1, &status, __WALL) != pid) { } return WEXITSTATUS(status); } static void drop_caps(void) { struct __user_cap_header_struct cap_hdr = {}; struct __user_cap_data_struct cap_data[2] = {}; cap_hdr.version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3; cap_hdr.pid = getpid(); if (syscall(SYS_capget, &cap_hdr, &cap_data)) exit(1); const int drop = (1 << CAP_SYS_PTRACE) | (1 << CAP_SYS_NICE); cap_data[0].effective &= ~drop; cap_data[0].permitted &= ~drop; cap_data[0].inheritable &= ~drop; if (syscall(SYS_capset, &cap_hdr, &cap_data)) exit(1); } static int do_sandbox_none(void) { if (unshare(CLONE_NEWPID)) { } int pid = fork(); if (pid != 0) return wait_for_loop(pid); setup_common(); sandbox_common(); drop_caps(); initialize_netdevices_init(); if (unshare(CLONE_NEWNET)) { } write_file("/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ping_group_range", "0 65535"); initialize_tun(); initialize_netdevices(); setup_binderfs(); loop(); exit(1); } uint64_t r[2] = {0xffffffffffffffff, 0xffffffffffffffff}; void loop(void) { intptr_t res = 0; res = syscall(__NR_socket, /*domain=*/0x10ul, /*type=*/3ul, /*proto=*/0); if (res != -1) r[0] = res; *(uint64_t*)0x20000040 = 0x20000080; memcpy((void*)0x20000080, "\x39\x00\x00\x00\x13\x00\x0b\x46\x00\xbb\x65\xe1\xc3\xe4\xff\xff\xf9" "\xff\xff\x7f\x37\x00\x00\x00\x56\x00\x00\x02\x25\x00\x00\x00\x19\x00" "\x0a\x00\x10\x00\x00\x00\x07\xfd\x17\xe5\xff\xff\x08\x00\x04\x00\x00" "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x0a", 57); *(uint64_t*)0x20000048 = 0x39; syscall(__NR_writev, /*fd=*/r[0], /*vec=*/0x20000040ul, /*vlen=*/1ul); res = syscall(__NR_socket, /*domain=*/0x10ul, /*type=*/3ul, /*proto=*/0); if (res != -1) r[1] = res; *(uint64_t*)0x20000040 = 0x20000080; memcpy((void*)0x20000080, "\x39\x00\x00\x00\x13\x00\x0b\x46\x00\xbb\x65\xe1\xc3\xe4\xff\xff\x01" "\x00\x00\x00\x36\x00\x00\x00\x56\x00\x00\x02\x25\x00\x00\x00\x19\x00" "\x0a\x00\x10\x00\x00\x00\x07\xfd\x17\xe5\xff\xff\x08\x00\x04\x00\x00" "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x0a", 57); *(uint64_t*)0x20000048 = 0x39; syscall(__NR_writev, /*fd=*/r[1], /*vec=*/0x20000040ul, /*vlen=*/1ul); } int main(void) { syscall(__NR_mmap, /*addr=*/0x1ffff000ul, /*len=*/0x1000ul, /*prot=*/0ul, /*flags=*/0x32ul, /*fd=*/-1, /*offset=*/0ul); syscall(__NR_mmap, /*addr=*/0x20000000ul, /*len=*/0x1000000ul, /*prot=*/7ul, /*flags=*/0x32ul, /*fd=*/-1, /*offset=*/0ul); syscall(__NR_mmap, /*addr=*/0x21000000ul, /*len=*/0x1000ul, /*prot=*/0ul, /*flags=*/0x32ul, /*fd=*/-1, /*offset=*/0ul); do_sandbox_none(); return 0; } and also https://gist.github.com/xrivendell7/dea2d84fe5efdb17eedcdb3e17297ffe I hope it helps. Best regards xingwei Lee