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Date: Mon, 11 Mar 2024 11:12:32 -0400
From: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
To: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Mirsad Todorovac <mirsad.todorovac@alu.unizg.hr>, linux-mm@kvack.org,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
	Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>, linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org,
	linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
	Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com>
Subject: Re: BUG selftests/mm]
Message-ID: <Ze8fYF5I4mlUGHd9@x1n>
References: <a9e3120d-8b79-4435-b113-ceb20aa45ee2@alu.unizg.hr>
 <4a5c8d28-7f73-4c15-b288-641f0ccc91c2@redhat.com>
 <Ze8Wr2qH8V0LMi_5@x1n>
 <b5ff4c70-6379-4cc7-8c92-778d80a6a658@redhat.com>
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On Mon, Mar 11, 2024 at 03:48:14PM +0100, David Hildenbrand wrote:
> On 11.03.24 15:35, Peter Xu wrote:
> > On Mon, Mar 11, 2024 at 10:31:41AM +0100, David Hildenbrand wrote:
> > > On 09.03.24 20:12, Mirsad Todorovac wrote:
> > > > Hi,
> > > > 
> > > > Routine run of the test in net-next gave also this mm unit error.
> > > > 
> > > > root@defiant:tools/testing/selftests/mm# ./uffd-unit-tests
> > > > Testing UFFDIO_API (with syscall)... done
> > > > Testing UFFDIO_API (with /dev/userfaultfd)... done
> > > > Testing register-ioctls on anon... done
> > > > Testing register-ioctls on shmem... done
> > > > Testing register-ioctls on shmem-private... done
> > > > Testing register-ioctls on hugetlb... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing register-ioctls on hugetlb-private... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing zeropage on anon... done
> > > > Testing zeropage on shmem... done
> > > > Testing zeropage on shmem-private... done
> > > > Testing zeropage on hugetlb... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing zeropage on hugetlb-private... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing move on anon... done
> > > > Testing move-pmd on anon... done
> > > > Testing move-pmd-split on anon... done
> > > > Testing wp-fork on anon... done
> > > > Testing wp-fork on shmem... done
> > > > Testing wp-fork on shmem-private... done
> > > > Testing wp-fork on hugetlb... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing wp-fork on hugetlb-private... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing wp-fork-with-event on anon... done
> > > > Testing wp-fork-with-event on shmem... done
> > > > Testing wp-fork-with-event on shmem-private... done
> > > > Testing wp-fork-with-event on hugetlb... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing wp-fork-with-event on hugetlb-private... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing wp-fork-pin on anon... done
> > > > Testing wp-fork-pin on shmem... done
> > > > Testing wp-fork-pin on shmem-private... done
> > > > Testing wp-fork-pin on hugetlb... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing wp-fork-pin on hugetlb-private... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing wp-fork-pin-with-event on anon... done
> > > > Testing wp-fork-pin-with-event on shmem... done
> > > > Testing wp-fork-pin-with-event on shmem-private... done
> > > > Testing wp-fork-pin-with-event on hugetlb... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing wp-fork-pin-with-event on hugetlb-private... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing wp-unpopulated on anon... done
> > > > Testing minor on shmem... done
> > > > Testing minor on hugetlb... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing minor-wp on shmem... done
> > > > Testing minor-wp on hugetlb... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing minor-collapse on shmem... done
> > > > Testing sigbus on anon... done
> > > > Testing sigbus on shmem... done
> > > > Testing sigbus on shmem-private... done
> > > > Testing sigbus on hugetlb... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing sigbus on hugetlb-private... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing sigbus-wp on anon... done
> > > > Testing sigbus-wp on shmem... done
> > > > Testing sigbus-wp on shmem-private... done
> > > > Testing sigbus-wp on hugetlb... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing sigbus-wp on hugetlb-private... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing events on anon... done
> > > > Testing events on shmem... done
> > > > Testing events on shmem-private... done
> > > > Testing events on hugetlb... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing events on hugetlb-private... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing events-wp on anon... done
> > > > Testing events-wp on shmem... done
> > > > Testing events-wp on shmem-private... done
> > > > Testing events-wp on hugetlb... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing events-wp on hugetlb-private... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing poison on anon... done
> > > > Testing poison on shmem... done
> > > > Testing poison on shmem-private... done
> > > > Testing poison on hugetlb... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Testing poison on hugetlb-private... skipped [reason: memory allocation failed]
> > > > Userfaults unit tests: pass=42, skip=24, fail=0 (total=66)
> > > > root@defiant:tools/testing/selftests/mm# grep -i huge /proc/meminfo
> > > > 
> > > > It resulted in alarming errors in the syslog:
> > > > 
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055103] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 4631e000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055132] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 46320000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055160] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 46322000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055189] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 46324000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055218] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 46326000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055250] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 46328000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055278] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 4632a000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055307] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 4632c000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055336] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 4632e000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055366] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 46330000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055395] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 46332000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055423] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 46334000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055452] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 46336000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055480] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 46338000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055509] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 4633a000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055538] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 4633c000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055567] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 4633e000
> > > > Mar  9 19:48:24 defiant kernel: [77187.055597] MCE: Killing uffd-unit-tests:1321817 due to hardware memory corruption fault at 46340000
> > > > 
> > > > At this point, it can be problem with my box's memory chips, or something with HUGETLB.
> > > > 
> > > > However, since the "classic" allocations were successful, the problem might be in huge pages, or
> > > > if I understood well, in deliberate poisoning of pages?
> > > > 
> > > 
> > > Isn't that just the (expected) side effect of UFFDIO_POISON tests?
> > > 
> > > IOW, there is no problem here. We are poisoning virtual memory locations
> > > (not actual memory) and expect a SIGBUS on next access. While testing that,
> > > we receive these messages.
> > 
> > Correct.
> > 
> > > 
> > > The "ugly" thing here seems to be that we can trigger repeated pr_err() from
> > > user space. There is no rate-limiting in place. Maybe UFFDIO_POISON requires
> > > root permissions so this cannot be exploited by unprivileged user space to
> > > flood the system log?
> > > 
> > > CCing Axel
> > 
> > This is pretty unfortunate.
> > 
> > I'm not concerned too much on flooding whoever kicks off the selftests, but
> > indeed this seems to be able to be used by anyone to trigger such endless
> > reports in dmesg.
> 
> Right.
> 
> > 
> > The issue with requiring a privilege means any hypervisor that will need to
> > use this to emulate memory errors will also require such privilege, and it
> > can be a problem.
> > 
> 
> Yes, we don't want that.
> 
> > Logically such "hwpoison errors" are not real so it is not needed to be
> > reported in dmesg, but now we're leveraging it to be exactly the same as a
> > real hw error to share the code path, iiuc (e.g. on MCE injections).
> > 
> > One option is to use a different marker reflecting that such hwpoison error
> > is internal, so we don't need to report in dmesg. That'll also require
> > (besides another bit in pte markers) one extra VM_FAULT_* flag just for
> > such reports.  Might be slightly an overkill, but I don't see another
> > better way; not reporting HWPOISON will complicate at least kvm use case
> > even more.
> > 
> > Or.. does syslog has its own protection in general for such printk floods?
> > It'll be easier if that's not a concern to flood then, but I'm not sure
> > from that regard.
> 
> From what I know, flooding is considered problematic and we fix it up using
> "Fixes:" commits. See 1b0a151c10a6d823f033023b9fdd9af72a89591b as one
> "recent" example.
> 
> 
> Usually we switch to the _ratelimited() functions, maybe
> pr_warn_ratelimited() is good enough? But we'd lose some details on a "real"
> MCE storm, though.

Yeah, I didn't consider that previously because I thought leaking MCE
addresses might be a problem.

But now thinking it again, it'll be great if pr_err_ratelimited() works
here (I think we'd still want to report them with "err" not "warnings",
btw).

I don't worry too much on MCE storm, as in that case explicit addresses may
not be necessary if the whole system is on risk.  What I don't know however
is whether the addresses may still matter if e.g. two continuous MCEs are
reported in a small time window, and whether those addresses are a concern
in that case if some got lost.

My MCE experience is pretty limited, so I don't have an answer to that.
Maybe it can be verified by proposing a patch like that and see whether
there can be any objections making it rate limtied.  I'll leave that to
Axel to decide how to move forward.

-- 
Peter Xu