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Date:   Sun, 26 Nov 2017 00:40:37 -0600
From:   "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@hallyn.com>
To:     Mahesh Bandewar <mahesh@bandewar.net>
Cc:     LKML <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>,
        Netdev <netdev@vger.kernel.org>,
        Kernel-hardening <kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com>,
        Linux API <linux-api@vger.kernel.org>,
        Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>,
        Serge Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>,
        "Eric W . Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>,
        Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>,
        David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>,
        Mahesh Bandewar <maheshb@google.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCHv2 2/2] userns: control capabilities of some user
 namespaces
Message-ID: <20171126064037.GB30279@mail.hallyn.com>
References: <20171110053757.21170-1-mahesh@bandewar.net>
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Quoting Mahesh Bandewar (mahesh@bandewar.net):
> From: Mahesh Bandewar <maheshb@google.com>
> 
> With this new notion of "controlled" user-namespaces, the controlled
> user-namespaces are marked at the time of their creation while the
> capabilities of processes that belong to them are controlled using the
> global mask.
> 
> Init-user-ns is always uncontrolled and a process that has SYS_ADMIN
> that belongs to uncontrolled user-ns can create another (child) user-
> namespace that is uncontrolled. Any other process (that either does
> not have SYS_ADMIN or belongs to a controlled user-ns) can only
> create a user-ns that is controlled.
> 
> global-capability-whitelist (controlled_userns_caps_whitelist) is used
> at the capability check-time and keeps the semantics for the processes
> that belong to uncontrolled user-ns as it is. Processes that belong to
> controlled user-ns however are subjected to different checks-
> 
>    (a) if the capability in question is controlled and process belongs
>        to controlled user-ns, then it's always denied.
>    (b) if the capability in question is NOT controlled then fall back
>        to the traditional check.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Mahesh Bandewar <maheshb@google.com>

Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>

Although a few comment addition requests below:

> ---
> v2:
>   Don't recalculate user-ns flags for every setns() call.
> v1:
>   Initial submission.
> 
>  include/linux/capability.h     |  1 +
>  include/linux/user_namespace.h | 20 ++++++++++++++++++++
>  kernel/capability.c            |  5 +++++
>  kernel/user_namespace.c        |  4 ++++
>  security/commoncap.c           |  8 ++++++++
>  5 files changed, 38 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/include/linux/capability.h b/include/linux/capability.h
> index 7d79a4689625..a1fd9e460379 100644
> --- a/include/linux/capability.h
> +++ b/include/linux/capability.h
> @@ -251,6 +251,7 @@ extern bool ptracer_capable(struct task_struct *tsk, struct user_namespace *ns);
>  extern int get_vfs_caps_from_disk(const struct dentry *dentry, struct cpu_vfs_cap_data *cpu_caps);
>  int proc_douserns_caps_whitelist(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
>  				 void __user *buff, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos);

Here and at the definition below, please add a comment explaining
that a controlled cap is defined as not being in the sysctl.

> +bool is_capability_controlled(int cap);
>  
>  extern int cap_convert_nscap(struct dentry *dentry, void **ivalue, size_t size);
>  
> diff --git a/include/linux/user_namespace.h b/include/linux/user_namespace.h
> index 3fe714da7f5a..647f825c7b5f 100644
> --- a/include/linux/user_namespace.h
> +++ b/include/linux/user_namespace.h
> @@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ struct uid_gid_map {	/* 64 bytes -- 1 cache line */
>  };
>  
>  #define USERNS_SETGROUPS_ALLOWED 1UL
> +#define USERNS_CONTROLLED	 2UL
>  
>  #define USERNS_INIT_FLAGS USERNS_SETGROUPS_ALLOWED
>  
> @@ -103,6 +104,16 @@ static inline void put_user_ns(struct user_namespace *ns)
>  		__put_user_ns(ns);
>  }
>  

Please add a comment explaining that a controlled ns
is one created by a user which did not have CAP_SYS_ADMIN
(or descended from such an ns).

> +static inline bool is_user_ns_controlled(const struct user_namespace *ns)
> +{
> +	return ns->flags & USERNS_CONTROLLED;
> +}
> +
> +static inline void mark_user_ns_controlled(struct user_namespace *ns)
> +{
> +	ns->flags |= USERNS_CONTROLLED;
> +}
> +
>  struct seq_operations;
>  extern const struct seq_operations proc_uid_seq_operations;
>  extern const struct seq_operations proc_gid_seq_operations;
> @@ -161,6 +172,15 @@ static inline struct ns_common *ns_get_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
>  {
>  	return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
>  }
> +
> +static inline bool is_user_ns_controlled(const struct user_namespace *ns)
> +{
> +	return false;
> +}
> +
> +static inline void mark_user_ns_controlled(struct user_namespace *ns)
> +{
> +}
>  #endif
>  
>  #endif /* _LINUX_USER_H */
> diff --git a/kernel/capability.c b/kernel/capability.c
> index 4a859b7d4902..bffe249922de 100644
> --- a/kernel/capability.c
> +++ b/kernel/capability.c
> @@ -511,6 +511,11 @@ bool ptracer_capable(struct task_struct *tsk, struct user_namespace *ns)
>  }
>  
>  /* Controlled-userns capabilities routines */
> +bool is_capability_controlled(int cap)
> +{
> +	return !cap_raised(controlled_userns_caps_whitelist, cap);
> +}
> +
>  #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
>  int proc_douserns_caps_whitelist(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
>  				 void __user *buff, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
> diff --git a/kernel/user_namespace.c b/kernel/user_namespace.c
> index c490f1e4313b..600c7dcb9ff7 100644
> --- a/kernel/user_namespace.c
> +++ b/kernel/user_namespace.c
> @@ -139,6 +139,10 @@ int create_user_ns(struct cred *new)
>  		goto fail_keyring;
>  
>  	set_cred_user_ns(new, ns);
> +	if (!ns_capable(parent_ns, CAP_SYS_ADMIN) ||
> +	    is_user_ns_controlled(parent_ns))
> +		mark_user_ns_controlled(ns);
> +
>  	return 0;
>  fail_keyring:
>  #ifdef CONFIG_PERSISTENT_KEYRINGS
> diff --git a/security/commoncap.c b/security/commoncap.c
> index fc46f5b85251..89103f16ac37 100644
> --- a/security/commoncap.c
> +++ b/security/commoncap.c
> @@ -73,6 +73,14 @@ int cap_capable(const struct cred *cred, struct user_namespace *targ_ns,
>  {
>  	struct user_namespace *ns = targ_ns;
>  
> +	/* If the capability is controlled and user-ns that process
> +	 * belongs-to is 'controlled' then return EPERM and no need
> +	 * to check the user-ns hierarchy.
> +	 */
> +	if (is_user_ns_controlled(cred->user_ns) &&
> +	    is_capability_controlled(cap))
> +		return -EPERM;

I'd be curious to see the performance impact on this on a regular
workload (kernel build?) in a controlled ns.

> +
>  	/* See if cred has the capability in the target user namespace
>  	 * by examining the target user namespace and all of the target
>  	 * user namespace's parents.
> -- 
> 2.15.0.448.gf294e3d99a-goog

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