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From: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@kernel.org>
To: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>,
	Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>,
	Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>,
	Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>,
	Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>,
	Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>,
	Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@linux.dev>,
	Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>,
	Song Liu <song@kernel.org>,
	Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@linux.dev>,
	John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>,
	KP Singh <kpsingh@kernel.org>,
	Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@google.com>,
	Hao Luo <haoluo@google.com>,
	Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>,
	Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>,
	Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>,
	Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>,
	Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>,
	Puranjay Mohan <puranjay12@gmail.com>,
	Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>,
	Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>,
	Zhen Lei <thunder.leizhen@huawei.com>,
	"Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@kernel.org>,
	bpf@vger.kernel.org,
	linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
	linux-trace-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
	linux-modules@vger.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH] [v5] kallsyms: rework symbol lookup return codes
Date: Thu,  4 Apr 2024 16:33:15 +0200
Message-Id: <20240404143424.3279752-1-arnd@kernel.org>
Precedence: bulk
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

From: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>

Building with W=1 in some configurations produces a false positive
warning for kallsyms:

kernel/kallsyms.c: In function '__sprint_symbol.isra':
kernel/kallsyms.c:503:17: error: 'strcpy' source argument is the same as destination [-Werror=restrict]
  503 |                 strcpy(buffer, name);
      |                 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

This originally showed up while building with -O3, but later started
happening in other configurations as well, depending on inlining
decisions. The underlying issue is that the local 'name' variable is
always initialized to the be the same as 'buffer' in the called functions
that fill the buffer, which gcc notices while inlining, though it could
see that the address check always skips the copy.

The calling conventions here are rather unusual, as all of the internal
lookup functions (bpf_address_lookup, ftrace_mod_address_lookup,
ftrace_func_address_lookup, module_address_lookup and
kallsyms_lookup_buildid) already use the provided buffer and either return
the address of that buffer to indicate success, or NULL for failure,
but the callers are written to also expect an arbitrary other buffer
to be returned.

Rework the calling conventions to return the length of the filled buffer
instead of its address, which is simpler and easier to follow as well
as avoiding the warning. Leave only the kallsyms_lookup() calling conventions
unchanged, since that is called from 16 different functions and
adapting this would be a much bigger change.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20200107214042.855757-1-arnd@arndb.de/
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20240326130647.7bfb1d92@gandalf.local.home/
Reviewed-by: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
---
v5: fix ftrace_mod_address_lookup return value,
    rebased on top of 2e114248e086 ("bpf: Replace deprecated strncpy with strscpy")
v4: fix string length
v3: use strscpy() instead of strlcpy()
v2: complete rewrite after the first patch was rejected (in 2020). This
    is now one of only two warnings that are in the way of enabling
    -Wextra/-Wrestrict by default.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
---
 include/linux/filter.h   | 14 +++++++-------
 include/linux/ftrace.h   |  6 +++---
 include/linux/module.h   | 14 +++++++-------
 kernel/bpf/core.c        |  7 +++----
 kernel/kallsyms.c        | 23 ++++++++++++-----------
 kernel/module/kallsyms.c | 26 +++++++++++++-------------
 kernel/trace/ftrace.c    | 13 +++++--------
 7 files changed, 50 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/filter.h b/include/linux/filter.h
index 161d5f7b64ed..e3a8f51fdf84 100644
--- a/include/linux/filter.h
+++ b/include/linux/filter.h
@@ -1202,18 +1202,18 @@ static inline bool bpf_jit_kallsyms_enabled(void)
 	return false;
 }
 
-const char *__bpf_address_lookup(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *size,
+int __bpf_address_lookup(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *size,
 				 unsigned long *off, char *sym);
 bool is_bpf_text_address(unsigned long addr);
 int bpf_get_kallsym(unsigned int symnum, unsigned long *value, char *type,
 		    char *sym);
 struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_ksym_find(unsigned long addr);
 
-static inline const char *
+static inline int
 bpf_address_lookup(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *size,
 		   unsigned long *off, char **modname, char *sym)
 {
-	const char *ret = __bpf_address_lookup(addr, size, off, sym);
+	int ret = __bpf_address_lookup(addr, size, off, sym);
 
 	if (ret && modname)
 		*modname = NULL;
@@ -1257,11 +1257,11 @@ static inline bool bpf_jit_kallsyms_enabled(void)
 	return false;
 }
 
-static inline const char *
+static inline int
 __bpf_address_lookup(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *size,
 		     unsigned long *off, char *sym)
 {
-	return NULL;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static inline bool is_bpf_text_address(unsigned long addr)
@@ -1280,11 +1280,11 @@ static inline struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog_ksym_find(unsigned long addr)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static inline const char *
+static inline int
 bpf_address_lookup(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *size,
 		   unsigned long *off, char **modname, char *sym)
 {
-	return NULL;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static inline void bpf_prog_kallsyms_add(struct bpf_prog *fp)
diff --git a/include/linux/ftrace.h b/include/linux/ftrace.h
index 54d53f345d14..56834a3fa9be 100644
--- a/include/linux/ftrace.h
+++ b/include/linux/ftrace.h
@@ -87,15 +87,15 @@ struct ftrace_direct_func;
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER) && defined(CONFIG_MODULES) && \
 	defined(CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE)
-const char *
+int
 ftrace_mod_address_lookup(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *size,
 		   unsigned long *off, char **modname, char *sym);
 #else
-static inline const char *
+static inline int
 ftrace_mod_address_lookup(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *size,
 		   unsigned long *off, char **modname, char *sym)
 {
-	return NULL;
+	return 0;
 }
 #endif
 
diff --git a/include/linux/module.h b/include/linux/module.h
index 1153b0d99a80..118c36366b35 100644
--- a/include/linux/module.h
+++ b/include/linux/module.h
@@ -922,11 +922,11 @@ int module_kallsyms_on_each_symbol(const char *modname,
  * least KSYM_NAME_LEN long: a pointer to namebuf is returned if
  * found, otherwise NULL.
  */
-const char *module_address_lookup(unsigned long addr,
-				  unsigned long *symbolsize,
-				  unsigned long *offset,
-				  char **modname, const unsigned char **modbuildid,
-				  char *namebuf);
+int module_address_lookup(unsigned long addr,
+			  unsigned long *symbolsize,
+			  unsigned long *offset,
+			  char **modname, const unsigned char **modbuildid,
+			  char *namebuf);
 int lookup_module_symbol_name(unsigned long addr, char *symname);
 int lookup_module_symbol_attrs(unsigned long addr,
 			       unsigned long *size,
@@ -955,14 +955,14 @@ static inline int module_kallsyms_on_each_symbol(const char *modname,
 }
 
 /* For kallsyms to ask for address resolution.  NULL means not found. */
-static inline const char *module_address_lookup(unsigned long addr,
+static inline int module_address_lookup(unsigned long addr,
 						unsigned long *symbolsize,
 						unsigned long *offset,
 						char **modname,
 						const unsigned char **modbuildid,
 						char *namebuf)
 {
-	return NULL;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static inline int lookup_module_symbol_name(unsigned long addr, char *symname)
diff --git a/kernel/bpf/core.c b/kernel/bpf/core.c
index 7a33a3a7e63c..a1cfd2a34762 100644
--- a/kernel/bpf/core.c
+++ b/kernel/bpf/core.c
@@ -735,11 +735,11 @@ static struct bpf_ksym *bpf_ksym_find(unsigned long addr)
 	return n ? container_of(n, struct bpf_ksym, tnode) : NULL;
 }
 
-const char *__bpf_address_lookup(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *size,
+int __bpf_address_lookup(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *size,
 				 unsigned long *off, char *sym)
 {
 	struct bpf_ksym *ksym;
-	char *ret = NULL;
+	int ret = 0;
 
 	rcu_read_lock();
 	ksym = bpf_ksym_find(addr);
@@ -747,9 +747,8 @@ const char *__bpf_address_lookup(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *size,
 		unsigned long symbol_start = ksym->start;
 		unsigned long symbol_end = ksym->end;
 
-		strscpy(sym, ksym->name, KSYM_NAME_LEN);
+		ret = strscpy(sym, ksym->name, KSYM_NAME_LEN);
 
-		ret = sym;
 		if (size)
 			*size = symbol_end - symbol_start;
 		if (off)
diff --git a/kernel/kallsyms.c b/kernel/kallsyms.c
index 18edd57b5fe8..eeb0e249e0e2 100644
--- a/kernel/kallsyms.c
+++ b/kernel/kallsyms.c
@@ -394,12 +394,12 @@ int kallsyms_lookup_size_offset(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *symbolsize,
 	       !!__bpf_address_lookup(addr, symbolsize, offset, namebuf);
 }
 
-static const char *kallsyms_lookup_buildid(unsigned long addr,
+static int kallsyms_lookup_buildid(unsigned long addr,
 			unsigned long *symbolsize,
 			unsigned long *offset, char **modname,
 			const unsigned char **modbuildid, char *namebuf)
 {
-	const char *ret;
+	int ret;
 
 	namebuf[KSYM_NAME_LEN - 1] = 0;
 	namebuf[0] = 0;
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ static const char *kallsyms_lookup_buildid(unsigned long addr,
 		if (modbuildid)
 			*modbuildid = NULL;
 
-		ret = namebuf;
+		ret = strlen(namebuf);
 		goto found;
 	}
 
@@ -448,8 +448,13 @@ const char *kallsyms_lookup(unsigned long addr,
 			    unsigned long *offset,
 			    char **modname, char *namebuf)
 {
-	return kallsyms_lookup_buildid(addr, symbolsize, offset, modname,
-				       NULL, namebuf);
+	int ret = kallsyms_lookup_buildid(addr, symbolsize, offset, modname,
+					  NULL, namebuf);
+
+	if (!ret)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return namebuf;
 }
 
 int lookup_symbol_name(unsigned long addr, char *symname)
@@ -484,19 +489,15 @@ static int __sprint_symbol(char *buffer, unsigned long address,
 {
 	char *modname;
 	const unsigned char *buildid;
-	const char *name;
 	unsigned long offset, size;
 	int len;
 
 	address += symbol_offset;
-	name = kallsyms_lookup_buildid(address, &size, &offset, &modname, &buildid,
+	len = kallsyms_lookup_buildid(address, &size, &offset, &modname, &buildid,
 				       buffer);
-	if (!name)
+	if (!len)
 		return sprintf(buffer, "0x%lx", address - symbol_offset);
 
-	if (name != buffer)
-		strcpy(buffer, name);
-	len = strlen(buffer);
 	offset -= symbol_offset;
 
 	if (add_offset)
diff --git a/kernel/module/kallsyms.c b/kernel/module/kallsyms.c
index ef73ae7c8909..6e6619a5b2f1 100644
--- a/kernel/module/kallsyms.c
+++ b/kernel/module/kallsyms.c
@@ -321,14 +321,15 @@ void * __weak dereference_module_function_descriptor(struct module *mod,
  * For kallsyms to ask for address resolution.  NULL means not found.  Careful
  * not to lock to avoid deadlock on oopses, simply disable preemption.
  */
-const char *module_address_lookup(unsigned long addr,
-				  unsigned long *size,
-			    unsigned long *offset,
-			    char **modname,
-			    const unsigned char **modbuildid,
-			    char *namebuf)
+int module_address_lookup(unsigned long addr,
+			  unsigned long *size,
+			  unsigned long *offset,
+			  char **modname,
+			  const unsigned char **modbuildid,
+			  char *namebuf)
 {
-	const char *ret = NULL;
+	const char *sym;
+	int ret = 0;
 	struct module *mod;
 
 	preempt_disable();
@@ -344,13 +345,12 @@ const char *module_address_lookup(unsigned long addr,
 #endif
 		}
 
-		ret = find_kallsyms_symbol(mod, addr, size, offset);
-	}
-	/* Make a copy in here where it's safe */
-	if (ret) {
-		strncpy(namebuf, ret, KSYM_NAME_LEN - 1);
-		ret = namebuf;
+		sym = find_kallsyms_symbol(mod, addr, size, offset);
+
+		if (sym)
+			ret = strscpy(namebuf, sym, KSYM_NAME_LEN);
 	}
+
 	preempt_enable();
 
 	return ret;
diff --git a/kernel/trace/ftrace.c b/kernel/trace/ftrace.c
index 32ea92934268..03061c98a94c 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/ftrace.c
+++ b/kernel/trace/ftrace.c
@@ -6974,7 +6974,7 @@ allocate_ftrace_mod_map(struct module *mod,
 	return mod_map;
 }
 
-static const char *
+static int
 ftrace_func_address_lookup(struct ftrace_mod_map *mod_map,
 			   unsigned long addr, unsigned long *size,
 			   unsigned long *off, char *sym)
@@ -6995,21 +6995,18 @@ ftrace_func_address_lookup(struct ftrace_mod_map *mod_map,
 			*size = found_func->size;
 		if (off)
 			*off = addr - found_func->ip;
-		if (sym)
-			strscpy(sym, found_func->name, KSYM_NAME_LEN);
-
-		return found_func->name;
+		return strscpy(sym, found_func->name, KSYM_NAME_LEN);
 	}
 
-	return NULL;
+	return 0;
 }
 
-const char *
+int
 ftrace_mod_address_lookup(unsigned long addr, unsigned long *size,
 		   unsigned long *off, char **modname, char *sym)
 {
 	struct ftrace_mod_map *mod_map;
-	const char *ret = NULL;
+	int ret = 0;
 
 	/* mod_map is freed via call_rcu() */
 	preempt_disable();
-- 
2.39.2