Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of linux-kernel+bounces-133852-linux.lists.archive=gmail.com@vger.kernel.org designates 139.178.88.99 as permitted sender) client-ip=139.178.88.99;
From: Bongkyu Kim <bongkyu7.kim@samsung.com>
To: peterz@infradead.org, mingo@redhat.com, will@kernel.org,
	longman@redhat.com, boqun.feng@gmail.com, corbet@lwn.net
Cc: gregkh@linuxfoundation.org, jstultz@google.com,
	linux-doc@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
	bongkyu7.kim@samsung.com
Subject: [PATCH v3] locking/rwsem: Reintroduce reader optimistic spinning
 conditionally
Date: Sat,  6 Apr 2024 17:11:26 +0900
Message-Id: <20240406081126.8030-1-bongkyu7.kim@samsung.com>
Precedence: bulk
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
CMS-TYPE: 102P
DLP-Filter: Pass
References: <CGME20240406081210epcas2p1736b44763ba01114ce3a552aff50d780@epcas2p1.samsung.com>

Reader optimistic spinning is helpful when the reader critical section
is short and there aren't that many readers around. It also improves
the chance that a reader can get the lock as writer optimistic spinning
disproportionally favors writers much more than readers.

Since commit 617f3ef95177 ("locking/rwsem: Remove reader optimistic
spinning"), reader optimistic spinning was taken out is because of
reader fragmentation especially now that we essentially wake up all the
readers all at once when it is reader's turn to take the read lock.

But, on smaller systems with just a few CPU cores, reader optimistic
spinning may help performance. So, reintroduce reader optimistic
spinning and enable it when the number of cores in the system <= the
threshold (default set to 8 cores). This threshold can be changed by
"rwsem.rspin_maxcpus" commandline.

The simple heuristic of skipping optimistic spinning if the lock is
reader owned is kept, reader optimistic spinning won't affect handoff
handling which requires that an unlocker see the lock will be free and
wake up the head of the wait queue.

Test result:
This is 15 application startup performances in our exynos SoC.
Reader optimistic spinning improves application startup time about 3.8%
in average.
- Cortex A78*2 + Cortex A55*6
- android os
- unit: ms (lower is better)

Application             base      rspin  Diff  Diff(%)
--------------------  ------  ---------  ----  -------
* Total(geomean)         343        330   -13    +3.8%
--------------------  ------  ---------  ----  -------
helloworld               110        108    -2    +1.8%
Amazon_Seller            397        388    -9    +2.3%
Whatsapp                 311        304    -7    +2.3%
Simple_PDF_Reader        500        463   -37    +7.4%
FaceApp                  330        317   -13    +3.9%
Timestamp_Camera_Free    451        443    -8    +1.8%
Kindle                   629        597   -32    +5.1%
Coinbase                 243        233   -10    +4.1%
Firefox                  425        399   -26    +6.1%
Candy_Crush_Soda         552        538   -14    +2.5%
Hill_Climb_Racing        245        230   -15    +6.1%
Call_Recorder            437        426   -11    +2.5%
Color_Fill_3D            190        180   -10    +5.3%
eToro                    512        505    -7    +1.4%
GroupMe                  281        266   -15    +5.3%

Signed-off-by: Bongkyu Kim <bongkyu7.kim@samsung.com>
---
Changes v2 -> v3:
- Enable reader optimistic spinning by rwsem_rspin_maxcpus
- Use static_branch for rwsem_rspin_enabled
- Modify commit messages

Changse v1 -> v2:
- Move the rwsem_opt_rspin definition out of the "ifdef
  CONFIG_RWSEM_SPIN_ON_OWNER" and add _ro_after_init to rwsem_opt_rspin.
---
 .../admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt         |   6 +
 kernel/locking/lock_events_list.h             |   5 +-
 kernel/locking/rwsem.c                        | 308 +++++++++++++++---
 3 files changed, 275 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt
index ef267fbf1b71..1e8d862acfb8 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt
@@ -5780,6 +5780,12 @@
 
 	rw		[KNL] Mount root device read-write on boot
 
+	rwsem.rspin_maxcpus=	[KNL]
+			Maximum number of cpus for enabling rwsem reader
+			optimistic spinning. Reader optimistic spinning may
+			help performance on a few CPU cores system. The default
+			value is 8.
+
 	S		[KNL] Run init in single mode
 
 	s390_iommu=	[HW,S390]
diff --git a/kernel/locking/lock_events_list.h b/kernel/locking/lock_events_list.h
index 97fb6f3f840a..270a0d351932 100644
--- a/kernel/locking/lock_events_list.h
+++ b/kernel/locking/lock_events_list.h
@@ -56,9 +56,12 @@ LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_sleep_reader)	/* # of reader sleeps			*/
 LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_sleep_writer)	/* # of writer sleeps			*/
 LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_wake_reader)	/* # of reader wakeups			*/
 LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_wake_writer)	/* # of writer wakeups			*/
-LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_opt_lock)	/* # of opt-acquired write locks	*/
+LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_opt_rlock)	/* # of opt-acquired read locks		*/
+LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_opt_wlock)	/* # of opt-acquired write locks	*/
 LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_opt_fail)	/* # of failed optspins			*/
 LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_opt_nospin)	/* # of disabled optspins		*/
+LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_opt_norspin)	/* # of disabled reader-only optspins	*/
+LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_opt_rlock2)	/* # of opt-acquired 2ndary read locks	*/
 LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_rlock)		/* # of read locks acquired		*/
 LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_rlock_steal)	/* # of read locks by lock stealing	*/
 LOCK_EVENT(rwsem_rlock_fast)	/* # of fast read locks acquired	*/
diff --git a/kernel/locking/rwsem.c b/kernel/locking/rwsem.c
index c6d17aee4209..7cc779b5f663 100644
--- a/kernel/locking/rwsem.c
+++ b/kernel/locking/rwsem.c
@@ -33,13 +33,19 @@
 #include "lock_events.h"
 
 /*
- * The least significant 2 bits of the owner value has the following
+ * The least significant 3 bits of the owner value has the following
  * meanings when set.
  *  - Bit 0: RWSEM_READER_OWNED - rwsem may be owned by readers (just a hint)
- *  - Bit 1: RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE - Cannot spin on a reader-owned lock
+ *  - Bit 1: RWSEM_RD_NONSPINNABLE - Readers cannot spin on this lock.
+ *  - Bit 2: RWSEM_WR_NONSPINNABLE - Writers cannot spin on this lock.
  *
- * When the rwsem is reader-owned and a spinning writer has timed out,
- * the nonspinnable bit will be set to disable optimistic spinning.
+ * When the rwsem is either owned by an anonymous writer, or it is
+ * reader-owned, but a spinning writer has timed out, both nonspinnable
+ * bits will be set to disable optimistic spinning by readers and writers.
+ * In the later case, the last unlocking reader should then check the
+ * writer nonspinnable bit and clear it only to give writers preference
+ * to acquire the lock via optimistic spinning, but not readers. Similar
+ * action is also done in the reader slowpath.
 
  * When a writer acquires a rwsem, it puts its task_struct pointer
  * into the owner field. It is cleared after an unlock.
@@ -59,9 +65,47 @@
  * is previously owned by a writer and the following conditions are met:
  *  - rwsem is not currently writer owned
  *  - the handoff isn't set.
+ *
+ * Reader optimistic spinning is helpful when the reader critical section
+ * is short and there aren't that many readers around. It makes readers
+ * relatively more preferred than writers. When a writer times out spinning
+ * on a reader-owned lock and set the nospinnable bits, there are two main
+ * reasons for that.
+ *
+ *  1) The reader critical section is long, perhaps the task sleeps after
+ *     acquiring the read lock.
+ *  2) There are just too many readers contending the lock causing it to
+ *     take a while to service all of them.
+ *
+ * In the former case, long reader critical section will impede the progress
+ * of writers which is usually more important for system performance. In
+ * the later case, reader optimistic spinning tends to make the reader
+ * groups that contain readers that acquire the lock together smaller
+ * leading to more of them. That may hurt performance in some cases. In
+ * other words, the setting of nonspinnable bits indicates that reader
+ * optimistic spinning may not be helpful for those workloads that cause
+ * it.
+ *
+ * Therefore, any writers that had observed the setting of the writer
+ * nonspinnable bit for a given rwsem after they fail to acquire the lock
+ * via optimistic spinning will set the reader nonspinnable bit once they
+ * acquire the write lock. Similarly, readers that observe the setting
+ * of reader nonspinnable bit at slowpath entry will set the reader
+ * nonspinnable bits when they acquire the read lock via the wakeup path.
+ *
+ * Once the reader nonspinnable bit is on, it will only be reset when
+ * a writer is able to acquire the rwsem in the fast path or somehow a
+ * reader or writer in the slowpath doesn't observe the nonspinable bit.
+ *
+ * This is to discourage reader optmistic spinning on that particular
+ * rwsem and make writers more preferred. This adaptive disabling of reader
+ * optimistic spinning will alleviate the negative side effect of this
+ * feature.
  */
 #define RWSEM_READER_OWNED	(1UL << 0)
-#define RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE	(1UL << 1)
+#define RWSEM_RD_NONSPINNABLE	(1UL << 1)
+#define RWSEM_WR_NONSPINNABLE	(1UL << 2)
+#define RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE	(RWSEM_RD_NONSPINNABLE | RWSEM_WR_NONSPINNABLE)
 #define RWSEM_OWNER_FLAGS_MASK	(RWSEM_READER_OWNED | RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE)
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RWSEMS
@@ -78,6 +122,20 @@
 # define DEBUG_RWSEMS_WARN_ON(c, sem)
 #endif
 
+DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(rwsem_rspin_enabled);
+static int __ro_after_init rwsem_rspin_maxcpus = 8;
+
+static int __init parse_rwsem_param(char *arg)
+{
+	int val;
+
+	if (get_option(&arg, &val))
+		rwsem_rspin_maxcpus = val;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+early_param("rwsem.rspin_maxcpus", parse_rwsem_param);
+
 /*
  * On 64-bit architectures, the bit definitions of the count are:
  *
@@ -171,7 +229,7 @@ static inline void __rwsem_set_reader_owned(struct rw_semaphore *sem,
 					    struct task_struct *owner)
 {
 	unsigned long val = (unsigned long)owner | RWSEM_READER_OWNED |
-		(atomic_long_read(&sem->owner) & RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE);
+		(atomic_long_read(&sem->owner) & RWSEM_RD_NONSPINNABLE);
 
 	atomic_long_set(&sem->owner, val);
 }
@@ -341,6 +399,7 @@ struct rwsem_waiter {
 	enum rwsem_waiter_type type;
 	unsigned long timeout;
 	bool handoff_set;
+	unsigned long last_rowner;
 };
 #define rwsem_first_waiter(sem) \
 	list_first_entry(&sem->wait_list, struct rwsem_waiter, list)
@@ -480,6 +539,10 @@ static void rwsem_mark_wake(struct rw_semaphore *sem,
 		 * the reader is copied over.
 		 */
 		owner = waiter->task;
+		if (waiter->last_rowner & RWSEM_RD_NONSPINNABLE) {
+			owner = (void *)((unsigned long)owner | RWSEM_RD_NONSPINNABLE);
+			lockevent_inc(rwsem_opt_norspin);
+		}
 		__rwsem_set_reader_owned(sem, owner);
 	}
 
@@ -684,6 +747,30 @@ enum owner_state {
 };
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_RWSEM_SPIN_ON_OWNER
+/*
+ * Try to acquire read lock before the reader is put on wait queue.
+ * Lock acquisition isn't allowed if the rwsem is locked or a writer handoff
+ * is ongoing.
+ */
+static inline bool rwsem_try_read_lock_unqueued(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
+{
+	long count = atomic_long_read(&sem->count);
+
+	if (count & (RWSEM_WRITER_MASK | RWSEM_FLAG_HANDOFF))
+		return false;
+
+	count = atomic_long_fetch_add_acquire(RWSEM_READER_BIAS, &sem->count);
+	if (!(count & (RWSEM_WRITER_MASK | RWSEM_FLAG_HANDOFF))) {
+		rwsem_set_reader_owned(sem);
+		lockevent_inc(rwsem_opt_rlock);
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	/* Back out the change */
+	atomic_long_add(-RWSEM_READER_BIAS, &sem->count);
+	return false;
+}
+
 /*
  * Try to acquire write lock before the writer has been put on wait queue.
  */
@@ -695,14 +782,15 @@ static inline bool rwsem_try_write_lock_unqueued(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 		if (atomic_long_try_cmpxchg_acquire(&sem->count, &count,
 					count | RWSEM_WRITER_LOCKED)) {
 			rwsem_set_owner(sem);
-			lockevent_inc(rwsem_opt_lock);
+			lockevent_inc(rwsem_opt_wlock);
 			return true;
 		}
 	}
 	return false;
 }
 
-static inline bool rwsem_can_spin_on_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
+static inline bool rwsem_can_spin_on_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem,
+					   unsigned long nonspinnable)
 {
 	struct task_struct *owner;
 	unsigned long flags;
@@ -721,7 +809,7 @@ static inline bool rwsem_can_spin_on_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 	/*
 	 * Don't check the read-owner as the entry may be stale.
 	 */
-	if ((flags & RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE) ||
+	if ((flags & nonspinnable) ||
 	    (owner && !(flags & RWSEM_READER_OWNED) && !owner_on_cpu(owner)))
 		ret = false;
 
@@ -732,9 +820,9 @@ static inline bool rwsem_can_spin_on_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 #define OWNER_SPINNABLE		(OWNER_NULL | OWNER_WRITER | OWNER_READER)
 
 static inline enum owner_state
-rwsem_owner_state(struct task_struct *owner, unsigned long flags)
+rwsem_owner_state(struct task_struct *owner, unsigned long flags, unsigned long nonspinnable)
 {
-	if (flags & RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE)
+	if (flags & nonspinnable)
 		return OWNER_NONSPINNABLE;
 
 	if (flags & RWSEM_READER_OWNED)
@@ -744,7 +832,7 @@ rwsem_owner_state(struct task_struct *owner, unsigned long flags)
 }
 
 static noinline enum owner_state
-rwsem_spin_on_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
+rwsem_spin_on_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem, unsigned long nonspinnable)
 {
 	struct task_struct *new, *owner;
 	unsigned long flags, new_flags;
@@ -753,7 +841,7 @@ rwsem_spin_on_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 	lockdep_assert_preemption_disabled();
 
 	owner = rwsem_owner_flags(sem, &flags);
-	state = rwsem_owner_state(owner, flags);
+	state = rwsem_owner_state(owner, flags, nonspinnable);
 	if (state != OWNER_WRITER)
 		return state;
 
@@ -766,7 +854,7 @@ rwsem_spin_on_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 		 */
 		new = rwsem_owner_flags(sem, &new_flags);
 		if ((new != owner) || (new_flags != flags)) {
-			state = rwsem_owner_state(new, new_flags);
+			state = rwsem_owner_state(new, new_flags, nonspinnable);
 			break;
 		}
 
@@ -816,12 +904,14 @@ static inline u64 rwsem_rspin_threshold(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 	return sched_clock() + delta;
 }
 
-static bool rwsem_optimistic_spin(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
+static bool rwsem_optimistic_spin(struct rw_semaphore *sem, bool wlock)
 {
 	bool taken = false;
 	int prev_owner_state = OWNER_NULL;
 	int loop = 0;
 	u64 rspin_threshold = 0;
+	unsigned long nonspinnable = wlock ? RWSEM_WR_NONSPINNABLE
+					   : RWSEM_RD_NONSPINNABLE;
 
 	/* sem->wait_lock should not be held when doing optimistic spinning */
 	if (!osq_lock(&sem->osq))
@@ -836,14 +926,15 @@ static bool rwsem_optimistic_spin(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 	for (;;) {
 		enum owner_state owner_state;
 
-		owner_state = rwsem_spin_on_owner(sem);
+		owner_state = rwsem_spin_on_owner(sem, nonspinnable);
 		if (!(owner_state & OWNER_SPINNABLE))
 			break;
 
 		/*
 		 * Try to acquire the lock
 		 */
-		taken = rwsem_try_write_lock_unqueued(sem);
+		taken = wlock ? rwsem_try_write_lock_unqueued(sem)
+			      : rwsem_try_read_lock_unqueued(sem);
 
 		if (taken)
 			break;
@@ -851,7 +942,7 @@ static bool rwsem_optimistic_spin(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 		/*
 		 * Time-based reader-owned rwsem optimistic spinning
 		 */
-		if (owner_state == OWNER_READER) {
+		if (wlock && (owner_state == OWNER_READER)) {
 			/*
 			 * Re-initialize rspin_threshold every time when
 			 * the owner state changes from non-reader to reader.
@@ -860,7 +951,7 @@ static bool rwsem_optimistic_spin(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 			 * the beginning of the 2nd reader phase.
 			 */
 			if (prev_owner_state != OWNER_READER) {
-				if (rwsem_test_oflags(sem, RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE))
+				if (rwsem_test_oflags(sem, nonspinnable))
 					break;
 				rspin_threshold = rwsem_rspin_threshold(sem);
 				loop = 0;
@@ -935,30 +1026,89 @@ static bool rwsem_optimistic_spin(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 }
 
 /*
- * Clear the owner's RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE bit if it is set. This should
+ * Clear the owner's RWSEM_WR_NONSPINNABLE bit if it is set. This should
  * only be called when the reader count reaches 0.
+ *
+ * This give writers better chance to acquire the rwsem first before
+ * readers when the rwsem was being held by readers for a relatively long
+ * period of time. Race can happen that an optimistic spinner may have
+ * just stolen the rwsem and set the owner, but just clearing the
+ * RWSEM_WR_NONSPINNABLE bit will do no harm anyway.
  */
-static inline void clear_nonspinnable(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
+static inline void clear_wr_nonspinnable(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 {
-	if (unlikely(rwsem_test_oflags(sem, RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE)))
-		atomic_long_andnot(RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE, &sem->owner);
+	if (unlikely(rwsem_test_oflags(sem, RWSEM_WR_NONSPINNABLE)))
+		atomic_long_andnot(RWSEM_WR_NONSPINNABLE, &sem->owner);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function is called when the reader fails to acquire the lock via
+ * optimistic spinning. In this case we will still attempt to do a trylock
+ * when comparing the rwsem state right now with the state when entering
+ * the slowpath indicates that the reader is still in a valid reader phase.
+ * This happens when the following conditions are true:
+ *
+ * 1) The lock is currently reader owned, and
+ * 2) The lock is previously not reader-owned or the last read owner changes.
+ *
+ * In the former case, we have transitioned from a writer phase to a
+ * reader-phase while spinning. In the latter case, it means the reader
+ * phase hasn't ended when we entered the optimistic spinning loop. In
+ * both cases, the reader is eligible to acquire the lock. This is the
+ * secondary path where a read lock is acquired optimistically.
+ *
+ * The reader non-spinnable bit wasn't set at time of entry or it will
+ * not be here at all.
+ */
+static inline bool rwsem_reader_phase_trylock(struct rw_semaphore *sem,
+					      unsigned long last_rowner)
+{
+	unsigned long owner = atomic_long_read(&sem->owner);
+
+	if (!(owner & RWSEM_READER_OWNED))
+		return false;
+
+	if (((owner ^ last_rowner) & ~RWSEM_OWNER_FLAGS_MASK) &&
+	    rwsem_try_read_lock_unqueued(sem)) {
+		lockevent_inc(rwsem_opt_rlock2);
+		lockevent_add(rwsem_opt_fail, -1);
+		return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+static inline bool rwsem_no_spinners(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
+{
+	return !osq_is_locked(&sem->osq);
 }
 
 #else
-static inline bool rwsem_can_spin_on_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
+static inline bool rwsem_can_spin_on_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem,
+					   unsigned long nonspinnable)
 {
 	return false;
 }
 
-static inline bool rwsem_optimistic_spin(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
+static inline bool rwsem_optimistic_spin(struct rw_semaphore *sem, bool wlock)
 {
 	return false;
 }
 
-static inline void clear_nonspinnable(struct rw_semaphore *sem) { }
+static inline void clear_wr_nonspinnable(struct rw_semaphore *sem) { }
+
+static inline bool rwsem_reader_phase_trylock(struct rw_semaphore *sem,
+					      unsigned long last_rowner)
+{
+	return false;
+}
+
+static inline bool rwsem_no_spinners(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
+{
+	return false;
+}
 
 static inline enum owner_state
-rwsem_spin_on_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
+rwsem_spin_on_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem, unsigned long nonspinnable)
 {
 	return OWNER_NONSPINNABLE;
 }
@@ -984,7 +1134,7 @@ static inline void rwsem_cond_wake_waiter(struct rw_semaphore *sem, long count,
 		wake_type = RWSEM_WAKE_READERS;
 	} else {
 		wake_type = RWSEM_WAKE_ANY;
-		clear_nonspinnable(sem);
+		clear_wr_nonspinnable(sem);
 	}
 	rwsem_mark_wake(sem, wake_type, wake_q);
 }
@@ -995,32 +1145,64 @@ static inline void rwsem_cond_wake_waiter(struct rw_semaphore *sem, long count,
 static struct rw_semaphore __sched *
 rwsem_down_read_slowpath(struct rw_semaphore *sem, long count, unsigned int state)
 {
-	long adjustment = -RWSEM_READER_BIAS;
+	long owner, adjustment = -RWSEM_READER_BIAS;
 	long rcnt = (count >> RWSEM_READER_SHIFT);
 	struct rwsem_waiter waiter;
 	DEFINE_WAKE_Q(wake_q);
 
 	/*
 	 * To prevent a constant stream of readers from starving a sleeping
-	 * writer, don't attempt optimistic lock stealing if the lock is
-	 * very likely owned by readers.
+	 * waiter, don't attempt optimistic spinning if the lock is currently
+	 * owned by readers.
 	 */
-	if ((atomic_long_read(&sem->owner) & RWSEM_READER_OWNED) &&
-	    (rcnt > 1) && !(count & RWSEM_WRITER_LOCKED))
+	owner = atomic_long_read(&sem->owner);
+	if ((owner & RWSEM_READER_OWNED) && (rcnt > 1) &&
+	   !(count & RWSEM_WRITER_LOCKED))
 		goto queue;
 
 	/*
-	 * Reader optimistic lock stealing.
+	 * Reader optimistic lock stealing
+	 *
+	 * We can take the read lock directly without doing
+	 * rwsem_optimistic_spin() if the conditions are right.
+	 * Also wake up other readers if it is the first reader.
 	 */
-	if (!(count & (RWSEM_WRITER_LOCKED | RWSEM_FLAG_HANDOFF))) {
+	if (!(count & (RWSEM_WRITER_LOCKED | RWSEM_FLAG_HANDOFF)) &&
+	    rwsem_no_spinners(sem)) {
 		rwsem_set_reader_owned(sem);
 		lockevent_inc(rwsem_rlock_steal);
+		if (rcnt == 1)
+			goto wake_readers;
+		return sem;
+	}
+
+	if (!static_branch_unlikely(&rwsem_rspin_enabled))
+		goto queue;
+
+	/*
+	 * Save the current read-owner of rwsem, if available, and the
+	 * reader nonspinnable bit.
+	 */
+	waiter.last_rowner = owner;
+	if (!(waiter.last_rowner & RWSEM_READER_OWNED))
+		waiter.last_rowner &= RWSEM_RD_NONSPINNABLE;
+
+	if (!rwsem_can_spin_on_owner(sem, RWSEM_RD_NONSPINNABLE))
+		goto queue;
 
+	/*
+	 * Undo read bias from down_read() and do optimistic spinning.
+	 */
+	atomic_long_add(-RWSEM_READER_BIAS, &sem->count);
+	adjustment = 0;
+	if (rwsem_optimistic_spin(sem, false)) {
+		/* rwsem_optimistic_spin() implies ACQUIRE on success */
 		/*
-		 * Wake up other readers in the wait queue if it is
-		 * the first reader.
+		 * Wake up other readers in the wait list if the front
+		 * waiter is a reader.
 		 */
-		if ((rcnt == 1) && (count & RWSEM_FLAG_WAITERS)) {
+wake_readers:
+		if ((atomic_long_read(&sem->count) & RWSEM_FLAG_WAITERS)) {
 			raw_spin_lock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);
 			if (!list_empty(&sem->wait_list))
 				rwsem_mark_wake(sem, RWSEM_WAKE_READ_OWNED,
@@ -1029,6 +1211,9 @@ rwsem_down_read_slowpath(struct rw_semaphore *sem, long count, unsigned int stat
 			wake_up_q(&wake_q);
 		}
 		return sem;
+	} else if (rwsem_reader_phase_trylock(sem, waiter.last_rowner)) {
+		/* rwsem_reader_phase_trylock() implies ACQUIRE on success */
+		return sem;
 	}
 
 queue:
@@ -1045,7 +1230,7 @@ rwsem_down_read_slowpath(struct rw_semaphore *sem, long count, unsigned int stat
 		 * immediately as its RWSEM_READER_BIAS has already been set
 		 * in the count.
 		 */
-		if (!(atomic_long_read(&sem->count) & RWSEM_WRITER_MASK)) {
+		if (adjustment && !(atomic_long_read(&sem->count) & RWSEM_WRITER_MASK)) {
 			/* Provide lock ACQUIRE */
 			smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep();
 			raw_spin_unlock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);
@@ -1058,7 +1243,10 @@ rwsem_down_read_slowpath(struct rw_semaphore *sem, long count, unsigned int stat
 	rwsem_add_waiter(sem, &waiter);
 
 	/* we're now waiting on the lock, but no longer actively locking */
-	count = atomic_long_add_return(adjustment, &sem->count);
+	if (adjustment)
+		count = atomic_long_add_return(adjustment, &sem->count);
+	else
+		count = atomic_long_read(&sem->count);
 
 	rwsem_cond_wake_waiter(sem, count, &wake_q);
 	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);
@@ -1100,21 +1288,43 @@ rwsem_down_read_slowpath(struct rw_semaphore *sem, long count, unsigned int stat
 	return ERR_PTR(-EINTR);
 }
 
+/*
+ * This function is called by the a write lock owner. So the owner value
+ * won't get changed by others.
+ */
+static inline void rwsem_disable_reader_optspin(struct rw_semaphore *sem,
+						bool disable)
+{
+	if (unlikely(disable)) {
+		atomic_long_or(RWSEM_RD_NONSPINNABLE, &sem->owner);
+		lockevent_inc(rwsem_opt_norspin);
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * Wait until we successfully acquire the write lock
  */
 static struct rw_semaphore __sched *
 rwsem_down_write_slowpath(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int state)
 {
+	bool disable_rspin;
 	struct rwsem_waiter waiter;
 	DEFINE_WAKE_Q(wake_q);
 
 	/* do optimistic spinning and steal lock if possible */
-	if (rwsem_can_spin_on_owner(sem) && rwsem_optimistic_spin(sem)) {
+	if (rwsem_can_spin_on_owner(sem, RWSEM_WR_NONSPINNABLE) &&
+	    rwsem_optimistic_spin(sem, true)) {
 		/* rwsem_optimistic_spin() implies ACQUIRE on success */
 		return sem;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Disable reader optimistic spinning for this rwsem after
+	 * acquiring the write lock when the setting of the nonspinnable
+	 * bits are observed.
+	 */
+	disable_rspin = atomic_long_read(&sem->owner) & RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE;
+
 	/*
 	 * Optimistic spinning failed, proceed to the slowpath
 	 * and block until we can acquire the sem.
@@ -1170,7 +1380,7 @@ rwsem_down_write_slowpath(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int state)
 		if (waiter.handoff_set) {
 			enum owner_state owner_state;
 
-			owner_state = rwsem_spin_on_owner(sem);
+			owner_state = rwsem_spin_on_owner(sem, RWSEM_NONSPINNABLE);
 			if (owner_state == OWNER_NULL)
 				goto trylock_again;
 		}
@@ -1182,6 +1392,7 @@ rwsem_down_write_slowpath(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int state)
 		raw_spin_lock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);
 	}
 	__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
+	rwsem_disable_reader_optspin(sem, disable_rspin);
 	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&sem->wait_lock);
 	lockevent_inc(rwsem_wlock);
 	trace_contention_end(sem, 0);
@@ -1348,7 +1559,7 @@ static inline void __up_read(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 	DEBUG_RWSEMS_WARN_ON(tmp < 0, sem);
 	if (unlikely((tmp & (RWSEM_LOCK_MASK|RWSEM_FLAG_WAITERS)) ==
 		      RWSEM_FLAG_WAITERS)) {
-		clear_nonspinnable(sem);
+		clear_wr_nonspinnable(sem);
 		rwsem_wake(sem);
 	}
 	preempt_enable();
@@ -1720,3 +1931,14 @@ void up_read_non_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(up_read_non_owner);
 
 #endif
+
+static int __init rwsem_init(void)
+{
+	if (num_possible_cpus() <= rwsem_rspin_maxcpus) {
+		static_branch_enable(&rwsem_rspin_enabled);
+		pr_info("rwsem: reader optimistic spinning enabled\n");
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+core_initcall(rwsem_init);
-- 
2.36.1