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From: Aruna Ramakrishna <aruna.ramakrishna@oracle.com>
To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: x86@kernel.org, dave.hansen@linux.intel.com, tglx@linutronix.de,
        mingo@kernel.org, keith.lucas@oracle.com, aruna.ramakrishna@oracle.com
Subject: [PATCH v3 1/4] x86/pkeys: Signal handling function interface changes to accept PKRU as a parameter
Date: Thu, 25 Apr 2024 18:05:39 +0000
Message-Id: <20240425180542.1042933-2-aruna.ramakrishna@oracle.com>
In-Reply-To: <20240425180542.1042933-1-aruna.ramakrishna@oracle.com>
References: <20240425180542.1042933-1-aruna.ramakrishna@oracle.com>
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Problem description:
Let's assume there's a multithreaded application that runs untrusted
user code. Each thread has its stack/code protected by a non-zero pkey,
and the PKRU register is set up such that only that particular non-zero
pkey is enabled. Each thread also sets up an alternate signal stack to
handle signals, which is protected by pkey zero. The pkeys man page
documents that the PKRU will be reset to init_pkru when the signal
handler is invoked, which means that pkey zero access will be enabled.
But this reset happens after the kernel attempts to push fpu state
to the alternate stack, which is not (yet) accessible by the kernel,
which leads to a new SIGSEGV being sent to the application, terminating
it.

Enabling both the non-zero pkey (for the thread) and pkey zero (in
userspace) will not work for this use case. We cannot have the alt stack
writeable by all - the rationale here is that the code running in that
thread (using a non-zero pkey) is untrusted and should not have access
to the alternate signal stack (that uses pkey zero), to prevent the
return address of a function from being changed. The expectation is that
kernel should be able to set up the alternate signal stack and deliver
the signal to the application even if pkey zero is explicitly disabled by
the application. The signal handler accessibility should not be dictated
by whatever PKRU value the thread sets up.

Solution:
The PKRU register is managed by XSAVE, which means the sigframe contents
must match the register contents - which is not the case here. We want
the sigframe to contain the user-defined PKRU value (so that it is
restored correctly from sigcontext) but the actual register must be
reset to init_pkru so that the alt stack is accessible and the signal
can be delivered to the application. It seems that the proper fix here
would be to remove PKRU from the XSAVE framework and manage it
separately, which is quite complicated. As a workaround, this patchset
does something like this:

        orig_pkru = rdpkru();
        wrpkru(0);
        xsave_to_user_sigframe();
        put_user(pkru_sigframe_addr, orig_pkru)

This change is split over multiple patches. This patch adds pkru as an
additional parameter that's passed down the chain from handle_signal:
	setup_rt_frame()
	  xxx_setup_rt_frame()
	    get_sigframe()
	      copy_fpstate_to_sigframe()
	        copy_fpregs_to_sigframe()

There are no functional changes in this patch.

In a later patch, this pkru value will be written onto the sigframe, so
that it is correctly restored from the sigcontext.

Signed-off-by: Aruna Ramakrishna <aruna.ramakrishna@oracle.com>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/fpu/signal.h  |  3 ++-
 arch/x86/include/asm/sighandling.h | 10 +++++-----
 arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c       |  8 +++++---
 arch/x86/kernel/signal.c           | 18 ++++++++++--------
 arch/x86/kernel/signal_32.c        |  8 ++++----
 arch/x86/kernel/signal_64.c        |  9 +++++----
 6 files changed, 31 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/fpu/signal.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/fpu/signal.h
index 611fa41711af..deaa81f44c2a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/fpu/signal.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/fpu/signal.h
@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ fpu__alloc_mathframe(unsigned long sp, int ia32_frame,
 
 unsigned long fpu__get_fpstate_size(void);
 
-extern bool copy_fpstate_to_sigframe(void __user *buf, void __user *fp, int size);
+extern bool copy_fpstate_to_sigframe(void __user *buf, void __user *fp, int size,
+				     u32 pkru);
 extern void fpu__clear_user_states(struct fpu *fpu);
 extern bool fpu__restore_sig(void __user *buf, int ia32_frame);
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/sighandling.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/sighandling.h
index e770c4fc47f4..de458354a3ea 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/sighandling.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/sighandling.h
@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@ void signal_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, void __user *frame, char *where);
 
 void __user *
 get_sigframe(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs, size_t frame_size,
-	     void __user **fpstate);
+	     void __user **fpstate, u32 pkru);
 
-int ia32_setup_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs);
-int ia32_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs);
-int x64_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs);
-int x32_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs);
+int ia32_setup_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs, u32 pkru);
+int ia32_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs, u32 pkru);
+int x64_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs, u32 pkru);
+int x32_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs, u32 pkru);
 
 #endif /* _ASM_X86_SIGHANDLING_H */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c
index 247f2225aa9f..7654f368accd 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c
@@ -156,7 +156,8 @@ static inline bool save_xstate_epilog(void __user *buf, int ia32_frame,
 	return !err;
 }
 
-static inline int copy_fpregs_to_sigframe(struct xregs_state __user *buf)
+static inline int copy_fpregs_to_sigframe(struct xregs_state __user *buf,
+					  u32 pkru)
 {
 	if (use_xsave())
 		return xsave_to_user_sigframe(buf);
@@ -185,7 +186,8 @@ static inline int copy_fpregs_to_sigframe(struct xregs_state __user *buf)
  * For [f]xsave state, update the SW reserved fields in the [f]xsave frame
  * indicating the absence/presence of the extended state to the user.
  */
-bool copy_fpstate_to_sigframe(void __user *buf, void __user *buf_fx, int size)
+bool copy_fpstate_to_sigframe(void __user *buf, void __user *buf_fx, int size,
+			      u32 pkru)
 {
 	struct task_struct *tsk = current;
 	struct fpstate *fpstate = tsk->thread.fpu.fpstate;
@@ -228,7 +230,7 @@ bool copy_fpstate_to_sigframe(void __user *buf, void __user *buf_fx, int size)
 		fpregs_restore_userregs();
 
 	pagefault_disable();
-	ret = copy_fpregs_to_sigframe(buf_fx);
+	ret = copy_fpregs_to_sigframe(buf_fx, pkru);
 	pagefault_enable();
 	fpregs_unlock();
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/signal.c b/arch/x86/kernel/signal.c
index 31b6f5dddfc2..d1c84b7f6852 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/signal.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/signal.c
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ static inline int is_x32_frame(struct ksignal *ksig)
  */
 void __user *
 get_sigframe(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs, size_t frame_size,
-	     void __user **fpstate)
+	     void __user **fpstate, u32 pkru)
 {
 	struct k_sigaction *ka = &ksig->ka;
 	int ia32_frame = is_ia32_frame(ksig);
@@ -139,7 +139,8 @@ get_sigframe(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs, size_t frame_size,
 	}
 
 	/* save i387 and extended state */
-	if (!copy_fpstate_to_sigframe(*fpstate, (void __user *)buf_fx, math_size))
+	if (!copy_fpstate_to_sigframe(*fpstate, (void __user *)buf_fx,
+				      math_size, pkru))
 		return (void __user *)-1L;
 
 	return (void __user *)sp;
@@ -206,7 +207,7 @@ unsigned long get_sigframe_size(void)
 }
 
 static int
-setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
+setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs, u32 pkru)
 {
 	/* Perform fixup for the pre-signal frame. */
 	rseq_signal_deliver(ksig, regs);
@@ -214,13 +215,13 @@ setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
 	/* Set up the stack frame */
 	if (is_ia32_frame(ksig)) {
 		if (ksig->ka.sa.sa_flags & SA_SIGINFO)
-			return ia32_setup_rt_frame(ksig, regs);
+			return ia32_setup_rt_frame(ksig, regs, pkru);
 		else
-			return ia32_setup_frame(ksig, regs);
+			return ia32_setup_frame(ksig, regs, pkru);
 	} else if (is_x32_frame(ksig)) {
-		return x32_setup_rt_frame(ksig, regs);
+		return x32_setup_rt_frame(ksig, regs, pkru);
 	} else {
-		return x64_setup_rt_frame(ksig, regs);
+		return x64_setup_rt_frame(ksig, regs, pkru);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -229,6 +230,7 @@ handle_signal(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
 	bool stepping, failed;
 	struct fpu *fpu = &current->thread.fpu;
+	u32 pkru = read_pkru();
 
 	if (v8086_mode(regs))
 		save_v86_state((struct kernel_vm86_regs *) regs, VM86_SIGNAL);
@@ -264,7 +266,7 @@ handle_signal(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
 	if (stepping)
 		user_disable_single_step(current);
 
-	failed = (setup_rt_frame(ksig, regs) < 0);
+	failed = (setup_rt_frame(ksig, regs, pkru) < 0);
 	if (!failed) {
 		/*
 		 * Clear the direction flag as per the ABI for function entry.
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/signal_32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/signal_32.c
index c12624bc82a3..68f2bfd7d6e7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/signal_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/signal_32.c
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ do {									\
 		goto label;						\
 } while(0)
 
-int ia32_setup_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
+int ia32_setup_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs, u32 pkru)
 {
 	sigset32_t *set = (sigset32_t *) sigmask_to_save();
 	struct sigframe_ia32 __user *frame;
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ int ia32_setup_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
 		0x80cd,		/* int $0x80 */
 	};
 
-	frame = get_sigframe(ksig, regs, sizeof(*frame), &fp);
+	frame = get_sigframe(ksig, regs, sizeof(*frame), &fp, pkru);
 
 	if (ksig->ka.sa.sa_flags & SA_RESTORER) {
 		restorer = ksig->ka.sa.sa_restorer;
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ int ia32_setup_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
 	return -EFAULT;
 }
 
-int ia32_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
+int ia32_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs, u32 pkru)
 {
 	sigset32_t *set = (sigset32_t *) sigmask_to_save();
 	struct rt_sigframe_ia32 __user *frame;
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ int ia32_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
 		0,
 	};
 
-	frame = get_sigframe(ksig, regs, sizeof(*frame), &fp);
+	frame = get_sigframe(ksig, regs, sizeof(*frame), &fp, pkru);
 
 	if (!user_access_begin(frame, sizeof(*frame)))
 		return -EFAULT;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/signal_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/signal_64.c
index 23d8aaf8d9fd..b5c9535ff08b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/signal_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/signal_64.c
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ static unsigned long frame_uc_flags(struct pt_regs *regs)
 	return flags;
 }
 
-int x64_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
+int x64_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs, u32 pkru)
 {
 	sigset_t *set = sigmask_to_save();
 	struct rt_sigframe __user *frame;
@@ -172,7 +172,8 @@ int x64_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
 	if (!(ksig->ka.sa.sa_flags & SA_RESTORER))
 		return -EFAULT;
 
-	frame = get_sigframe(ksig, regs, sizeof(struct rt_sigframe), &fp);
+	frame = get_sigframe(ksig, regs, sizeof(struct rt_sigframe), &fp,
+			     pkru);
 	uc_flags = frame_uc_flags(regs);
 
 	if (!user_access_begin(frame, sizeof(*frame)))
@@ -300,7 +301,7 @@ int copy_siginfo_to_user32(struct compat_siginfo __user *to,
 	return __copy_siginfo_to_user32(to, from);
 }
 
-int x32_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
+int x32_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs, u32 pkru)
 {
 	compat_sigset_t *set = (compat_sigset_t *) sigmask_to_save();
 	struct rt_sigframe_x32 __user *frame;
@@ -311,7 +312,7 @@ int x32_setup_rt_frame(struct ksignal *ksig, struct pt_regs *regs)
 	if (!(ksig->ka.sa.sa_flags & SA_RESTORER))
 		return -EFAULT;
 
-	frame = get_sigframe(ksig, regs, sizeof(*frame), &fp);
+	frame = get_sigframe(ksig, regs, sizeof(*frame), &fp, pkru);
 
 	uc_flags = frame_uc_flags(regs);
 
-- 
2.39.3