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Date: Sat, 11 Jul 2009 23:30:30 +0200
From: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
To: tom.leiming@gmail.com
Cc: a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
       akpm@linux-foundation.org, mingo@elte.hu
Subject: Re: [RESEND PATCH 01/11] kernel:lockdep:print the shortest
	dependency chain if finding a circle
Message-ID: <20090711213028.GC6641@nowhere>
References: <1246201486-7308-1-git-send-email-tom.leiming@gmail.com> <1246201486-7308-2-git-send-email-tom.leiming@gmail.com>
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On Sun, Jun 28, 2009 at 11:04:36PM +0800, tom.leiming@gmail.com wrote:
> From: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com>
> 
> Currently lockdep will print the 1st circle detected if it exists when
> acquiring a new (next) lock.
> 
> This patch prints the shortest path from the next lock to be acquired to
> the previous held lock if a circle is found.
> 
> The patch still uses the current method to check circle, and once the
> circle is found, breadth-first search algorithem is used to compute the
> shortest path from the next lock to the previous lock in the forward
> lock dependency graph.
> 
> Printing the shortest path will shorten the dependency chain, and make
> troubleshooting for possible circular locking easier.


Oh! That looks fairly different from what I was thinking about...

If I understand well, lets imagine the following:

Task 1 acquires: A B F
Task 2 acquires: A B C D E F
Task 3 acquires: F B

Before your patch, DFS would report the BF - FB wicked dependency
by reporting the Task 2 dependency snapshot, which is cluttered by
the other locks C, D and E (that would be reported in the dependency chain
if I'm not wrong) whereas BFS would be smarter by finding the shortest
snapshot found in Task 3: just F B.

Correct me if I misunderstand this patch.

I suggest you to provide an example along this patch, that would make
it easier to demonstrate its importance.

Thanks,
Frederic.


> Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@gmail.com>
> ---
>  include/linux/lockdep.h    |    6 ++
>  kernel/lockdep.c           |  115 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
>  kernel/lockdep_internals.h |   83 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  3 files changed, 195 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/include/linux/lockdep.h b/include/linux/lockdep.h
> index b25d1b5..9ec026f 100644
> --- a/include/linux/lockdep.h
> +++ b/include/linux/lockdep.h
> @@ -149,6 +149,12 @@ struct lock_list {
>  	struct lock_class		*class;
>  	struct stack_trace		trace;
>  	int				distance;
> +
> +	/*The parent field is used to implement breadth-first search,and
> +	 *the bit 0 is reused to indicate if the lock has been accessed
> +	 *in BFS.
> +	 */
> +	struct lock_list		*parent;
>  };
>  
>  /*
> diff --git a/kernel/lockdep.c b/kernel/lockdep.c
> index 8bbeef9..93dc70d 100644
> --- a/kernel/lockdep.c
> +++ b/kernel/lockdep.c
> @@ -897,6 +897,79 @@ static int add_lock_to_list(struct lock_class *class, struct lock_class *this,
>  	return 1;
>  }
>  
> +static struct circular_queue  lock_cq;
> +static int __search_shortest_path(struct lock_list *source_entry,
> +				struct lock_class *target,
> +				struct lock_list **target_entry,
> +				int forward)
> +{
> +	struct lock_list *entry;
> +	struct circular_queue *cq = &lock_cq;
> +	int ret = 1;
> +
> +	__cq_init(cq);
> +
> +	mark_lock_accessed(source_entry, NULL);
> +	if (source_entry->class == target) {
> +		*target_entry = source_entry;
> +		ret = 0;
> +		goto exit;
> +	}
> +
> +	__cq_enqueue(cq, (unsigned long)source_entry);
> +
> +	while (!__cq_empty(cq)) {
> +		struct lock_list *lock;
> +		struct list_head *head;
> +
> +		__cq_dequeue(cq, (unsigned long *)&lock);
> +
> +		if (!lock->class) {
> +			ret = -2;
> +			goto exit;
> +		}
> +
> +		if (forward)
> +			head = &lock->class->locks_after;
> +		else
> +			head = &lock->class->locks_before;
> +
> +		list_for_each_entry(entry, head, entry) {
> +			if (!lock_accessed(entry)) {
> +				mark_lock_accessed(entry, lock);
> +				if (entry->class == target) {
> +					*target_entry = entry;
> +					ret = 0;
> +					goto exit;
> +				}
> +
> +				if (__cq_enqueue(cq, (unsigned long)entry)) {
> +					ret = -1;
> +					goto exit;
> +				}
> +			}
> +		}
> +	}
> +exit:
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
> +static inline int __search_forward_shortest_path(struct lock_list *src_entry,
> +				struct lock_class *target,
> +				struct lock_list **target_entry)
> +{
> +	return __search_shortest_path(src_entry, target, target_entry, 1);
> +
> +}
> +
> +static inline int __search_backward_shortest_path(struct lock_list *src_entry,
> +				struct lock_class *target,
> +				struct lock_list **target_entry)
> +{
> +	return __search_shortest_path(src_entry, target, target_entry, 0);
> +
> +}
> +
>  /*
>   * Recursive, forwards-direction lock-dependency checking, used for
>   * both noncyclic checking and for hardirq-unsafe/softirq-unsafe
> @@ -934,7 +1007,7 @@ print_circular_bug_header(struct lock_list *entry, unsigned int depth)
>  {
>  	struct task_struct *curr = current;
>  
> -	if (!debug_locks_off_graph_unlock() || debug_locks_silent)
> +	if (debug_locks_silent)
>  		return 0;
>  
>  	printk("\n=======================================================\n");
> @@ -954,19 +1027,41 @@ print_circular_bug_header(struct lock_list *entry, unsigned int depth)
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> -static noinline int print_circular_bug_tail(void)
> +static noinline int print_circular_bug(void)
>  {
>  	struct task_struct *curr = current;
>  	struct lock_list this;
> +	struct lock_list *target;
> +	struct lock_list *parent;
> +	int result;
> +	unsigned long depth;
>  
> -	if (debug_locks_silent)
> +	if (!debug_locks_off_graph_unlock() || debug_locks_silent)
>  		return 0;
>  
>  	this.class = hlock_class(check_source);
>  	if (!save_trace(&this.trace))
>  		return 0;
>  
> -	print_circular_bug_entry(&this, 0);
> +	result = __search_forward_shortest_path(&this,
> +						hlock_class(check_target),
> +						&target);
> +	if (result) {
> +		printk("\n%s:search shortest path failed:%d\n", __func__,
> +			result);
> +		return 0;
> +	}
> +
> +	depth = get_lock_depth(target);
> +
> +	print_circular_bug_header(target, depth);
> +
> +	parent = get_lock_parent(target);
> +
> +	while (parent) {
> +		print_circular_bug_entry(parent, --depth);
> +		parent = get_lock_parent(parent);
> +	}
>  
>  	printk("\nother info that might help us debug this:\n\n");
>  	lockdep_print_held_locks(curr);
> @@ -1072,14 +1167,15 @@ check_noncircular(struct lock_class *source, unsigned int depth)
>  	 */
>  	list_for_each_entry(entry, &source->locks_after, entry) {
>  		if (entry->class == hlock_class(check_target))
> -			return print_circular_bug_header(entry, depth+1);
> +			return 2;
>  		debug_atomic_inc(&nr_cyclic_checks);
> -		if (!check_noncircular(entry->class, depth+1))
> -			return print_circular_bug_entry(entry, depth+1);
> +		if (check_noncircular(entry->class, depth+1) == 2)
> +			return 2;
>  	}
>  	return 1;
>  }
>  
> +
>  #if defined(CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS) && defined(CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING)
>  /*
>   * Forwards and backwards subgraph searching, for the purposes of
> @@ -1484,8 +1580,9 @@ check_prev_add(struct task_struct *curr, struct held_lock *prev,
>  	 */
>  	check_source = next;
>  	check_target = prev;
> -	if (!(check_noncircular(hlock_class(next), 0)))
> -		return print_circular_bug_tail();
> +	if (check_noncircular(hlock_class(next), 0) == 2)
> +		return print_circular_bug();
> +
>  
>  	if (!check_prev_add_irq(curr, prev, next))
>  		return 0;
> diff --git a/kernel/lockdep_internals.h b/kernel/lockdep_internals.h
> index 699a2ac..6f48d37 100644
> --- a/kernel/lockdep_internals.h
> +++ b/kernel/lockdep_internals.h
> @@ -136,3 +136,86 @@ extern atomic_t nr_find_usage_backwards_recursions;
>  # define debug_atomic_dec(ptr)		do { } while (0)
>  # define debug_atomic_read(ptr)		0
>  #endif
> +
> +/* The circular_queue and helpers is used to implement the
> + * breadth-first search(BFS)algorithem, by which we can build
> + * the shortest path from the next lock to be acquired to the
> + * previous held lock if there is a circular between them.
> + * */
> +#define  MAX_CIRCULAR_QUE_SIZE	    4096UL
> +struct circular_queue{
> +	unsigned long element[MAX_CIRCULAR_QUE_SIZE];
> +	unsigned int  front, rear;
> +};
> +
> +#define LOCK_ACCESSED 		1UL
> +#define LOCK_ACCESSED_MASK	(~LOCK_ACCESSED)
> +
> +static inline void __cq_init(struct circular_queue *cq)
> +{
> +	cq->front = cq->rear = 0;
> +}
> +
> +static inline int __cq_empty(struct circular_queue *cq)
> +{
> +	return (cq->front == cq->rear);
> +}
> +
> +static inline int __cq_full(struct circular_queue *cq)
> +{
> +	return ((cq->rear + 1)%MAX_CIRCULAR_QUE_SIZE)  == cq->front;
> +}
> +
> +static inline int __cq_enqueue(struct circular_queue *cq, unsigned long elem)
> +{
> +	if (__cq_full(cq))
> +		return -1;
> +
> +	cq->element[cq->rear] = elem;
> +	cq->rear = (cq->rear + 1)%MAX_CIRCULAR_QUE_SIZE;
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static inline int __cq_dequeue(struct circular_queue *cq, unsigned long *elem)
> +{
> +	if (__cq_empty(cq))
> +		return -1;
> +
> +	*elem = cq->element[cq->front];
> +	cq->front = (cq->front + 1)%MAX_CIRCULAR_QUE_SIZE;
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static inline int __cq_get_elem_count(struct circular_queue *cq)
> +{
> +	return (cq->rear - cq->front)%MAX_CIRCULAR_QUE_SIZE;
> +}
> +
> +static inline void mark_lock_accessed(struct lock_list *lock,
> +					struct lock_list *parent)
> +{
> +	lock->parent = (void *) parent + LOCK_ACCESSED;
> +}
> +
> +static inline unsigned long lock_accessed(struct lock_list *lock)
> +{
> +	return (unsigned long)lock->parent & LOCK_ACCESSED;
> +}
> +
> +static inline struct lock_list *get_lock_parent(struct lock_list *child)
> +{
> +	return (struct lock_list *)
> +		((unsigned long)child->parent & LOCK_ACCESSED_MASK);
> +}
> +
> +static inline unsigned long get_lock_depth(struct lock_list *child)
> +{
> +	unsigned long depth = 0;
> +	struct lock_list *parent;
> +
> +	while ((parent = get_lock_parent(child))) {
> +		child = parent;
> +		depth++;
> +	}
> +	return depth;
> +}
> -- 
> 1.6.0.GIT
> 
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