Subject: Re: [PATCH v5 00/21] EVM
From: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
To: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: David Safford <safford@watson.ibm.com>,
        Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
        linux-security-module@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
        linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org, James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>,
        Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>, Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@nokia.com>
In-Reply-To: <20110529065818.GA2122@elf.ucw.cz>
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	 <20110526183849.GA4563@ucw.cz>
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Date: Tue, 31 May 2011 08:05:08 -0400
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On Sun, 2011-05-29 at 08:58 +0200, Pavel Machek wrote:
> On Fri 2011-05-27 13:45:51, David Safford wrote:
> > On Thu, 2011-05-26 at 22:17 +0200, Pavel Machek wrote:
> > 
> > > I suggest you explain the patchset in the emails, then? Everyone here
> > > seems to be confused... Attack it protects against, and what kind of
> > > hardware is needed for the protection to be effective?
> > 
> > The white paper is over 15 pages, and it barely scratches the surface.
> > Every customer has different security threat models and requirements.
> > Discussing this in general on the mailing list is really hard.
> > 
> > So let's try to simplify this just down to digital signatures in
> > the cellphone environment, as you state:
> 
> Good.
> 
> > > Because AFAICT, file signatures, as proposed, are only useful for
> > > locking down my cellphone against myself. (That's -- evil).
> > 
> > The proposed digital signatures can enforce authenticity of a file's 
> > data (IMA-Appraisal with Digital Signature), and of a file's metadata
> > (EVM with Digital Signature). For most users, enforcing authenticity
> > of files is a good thing - a user knows that they are running authentic
> > software signed by their phone manufacturer, and not malicious files
> > that they, or someone else installed. In this threat model, EVM is 
> 
> Ok, so lets talk about smartphone, similar to my HTC Dream (developer
> version, unlocked bootloader, flashable from kernel (*)).
> 
> Yes, I could install the crazy EVM/IMA infastructure to prevent
> applications modifying selected files.
> 
> But... I could just do chattr +i on selected files, I do not need
> fancy EVM/IMA for that.

For files that you don't expect to change, such as ELF executables, you
probably could use the immutable flag, but using a digital signature
provides authenticity as well, which the immutable flag does not
provide.

> > Blocking signature verification would serve only to punish Linux 
> > users who care about the authenticity of their files, while doing 
> > _nothing_ to stop manufacturers from locking their bootloaders.
> 
> chattr already protects authenticity of my files, as do standard unix
> permissions.
> 
> So... where's the difference?
> 								Pavel

Neither digital signatures nor the immutable flag work for files that
change, such as config files.  For these files, ima-appraisal would
store a file hash.

> (*) but it does not change anything.
> 
> True; determined attacker could steal my cellphone, open it up,
> desolder the flash, and change attributes of the filesystem.

With EVM, assuming that i_flag is included in the EVM HMAC, which it
currently isn't, you would be able to detect the change and prevent the
file from being accessed.

> 
> But... the same determined attacker can also replace
> bootloader&kernel&filesystem -- that is in the same flash! -- with
> unlocked versions. So the argumentation is the same for locked down
> phone.
> 

As EVM is not involved in the boot process, it can not and does not
address this, but other technologies could.

thanks,

Mimi

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