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[37.225.15.178]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id t133sm157290wmf.0.2020.08.10.07.00.49 for (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 bits=128/128); Mon, 10 Aug 2020 07:00:50 -0700 (PDT) From: Mikhail Morfikov Autocrypt: addr=mmorfikov@gmail.com; keydata= mDMEXRaE+hYJKwYBBAHaRw8BAQdADVtvGNnC7y4y14i2IuxupgValXBb5YBbzeymUVfQEQu0 L01pa2hhaWwgTW9yZmlrb3YgKE1vcmZpaykgPG1tb3JmaWtvdkBnbWFpbC5jb20+iJYEExYK AD4CGwMFCwkIBwMFFQoJCAsFFgIDAQACHgECF4AWIQR1ZhNYxftXAnkWpwEy2ctjR5bMoQUC Xj79nwUJAwmsJQAKCRAy2ctjR5bMoSfMAP9ZBENeQz9MCxZwA11bL9b+ADaYruFlEWVKv9TE d+bHjAEApCH8boYJ5QZBD+HYwDCxxKYMiQ7yfhkn8sRWdIThYAq4OARdFoT6EgorBgEEAZdV AQUBAQdA1vPaWR/g6H2DzFqi6zjEBCqEv6bOg+N6lahCEuhLc24DAQgHiH4EGBYKACYCGwwW IQR1ZhNYxftXAnkWpwEy2ctjR5bMoQUCXj7+CgUJAwmskAAKCRAy2ctjR5bMoZIbAQChdKEJ zIXMxUOPs3fMn+cth5CB6NCVXQSF+BPhzJuNuQEA5WTZzlkCfKjXjkcqDGnDd7OHc8Es0OR1 srTstnmwUAI= To: linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org Subject: Lots of free extents, lots of contiguous free space, and fragmentation lvl is ~15%? Message-ID: Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2020 16:00:42 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/signed; micalg=pgp-sha512; protocol="application/pgp-signature"; boundary="zsCawvBIPHWLKvSyG3sdd7kZIuORWhpyv" Sender: linux-ext4-owner@vger.kernel.org Precedence: bulk List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org This is an OpenPGP/MIME signed message (RFC 4880 and 3156) --zsCawvBIPHWLKvSyG3sdd7kZIuORWhpyv Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="8yAETU0UivP8P4XNt3b2MrTyvFii8YXIg"; protected-headers="v1" From: Mikhail Morfikov To: linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org Message-ID: Subject: Lots of free extents, lots of contiguous free space, and fragmentation lvl is ~15%? --8yAETU0UivP8P4XNt3b2MrTyvFii8YXIg Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable I have a 1G HDD which is used in LUKSv2 + LVM setup (10 logical disks). O= ne of=20 the LVM disks is 320G in size. I had to split this partition into two sma= ller=20 ones of about 160G each. The partition was filled with 75G of data, so ov= er 50% was free. To shrinked the partition using the following command: # lvreduce -L -160G -r /dev/mapper/wd_blue_label-android and after about 1 hour, the process was completed. When it was done, I in= itiated=20 e4defrag, to defrag the files, and I noticed, that even very small files = (10-100K in size) have 2+ extents: [591612/591617]/media/Android/AIO-TWRP-Compiler/compile.log: 100% ex= tents: 2 -> 2 [ OK ] # ls -alh /media/Android/AIO-TWRP-Compiler/compile.log -rw-r--r-- 1 morfik morfik 34K 2019-02-12 18:22:48 /media/Android/AIO-TW= RP-Compiler/compile.log # filefrag -ve /media/Android/AIO-TWRP-Compiler/compile.log Filesystem type is: ef53 File size of /media/Android/AIO-TWRP-Compiler/compile.log is 33999 (9 bl= ocks of 4096 bytes) ext: logical_offset: physical_offset: length: expected: fl= ags: 0: 0.. 7: 10684.. 10691: 8: 1: 8.. 8: 10692.. 10692: 1: la= st,eof /media/Android/AIO-TWRP-Compiler/compile.log: 1 extent found And there are many files like this one.=20 When the defragmentation process finished it's job, there was this summar= y at=20 the end: Success: [ 510319/591617 ] Failure: [ 81298/591617 ] Total extents: 593408->593437 Fragmented percentage: 15%->15% Fsck says something like this: # fsck.ext4 -Dvf /dev/mapper/wd_blue_label-android e2fsck 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020) Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 3A: Optimizing directories Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information android: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** 591626 inodes used (5.64%, out of 10485760) 1311 non-contiguous files (0.2%) 265 non-contiguous directories (0.0%) # of inodes with ind/dind/tind blocks: 0/0/0 Extent depth histogram: 587843/69 20222806 blocks used (48.21%, out of 41943040) 0 bad blocks 3 large files 516113 regular files 69686 directories 0 character device files 0 block device files 0 fifos 0 links 5818 symbolic links (3706 fast symbolic links) 0 sockets ------------ 591617 files =20 and the free space looks like this: # e2freefrag /dev/mapper/wd_blue_label-android Device: /dev/mapper/wd_blue_label-android Blocksize: 4096 bytes Total blocks: 41943040 Free blocks: 21720234 (51.8%) Min. free extent: 4 KB Max. free extent: 2064256 KB Avg. free extent: 8972 KB Num. free extent: 9681 HISTOGRAM OF FREE EXTENT SIZES: Extent Size Range : Free extents Free Blocks Percent 4K... 8K- : 306 306 0.00% 8K... 16K- : 432 997 0.00% 16K... 32K- : 1127 5672 0.03% 32K... 64K- : 3587 42393 0.20% 64K... 128K- : 1306 30025 0.14% 128K... 256K- : 837 37784 0.17% 256K... 512K- : 411 36730 0.17% 512K... 1024K- : 270 48248 0.22% 1M... 2M- : 243 86984 0.40% 2M... 4M- : 227 164786 0.76% 4M... 8M- : 239 343081 1.58% 8M... 16M- : 196 548225 2.52% 16M... 32M- : 149 833919 3.84% 32M... 64M- : 126 1389825 6.40% 64M... 128M- : 95 2199517 10.13% 128M... 256M- : 49 2322803 10.69% 256M... 512M- : 38 3497585 16.10% 512M... 1024M- : 31 5627846 25.91% 1G... 2G- : 12 4503508 20.73% So how to read the data? Are the files in this partition really fragmente= d or=20 not? -- Debian Sid Linux version 5.8.0-amd64 (morfik@morfikownia) (gcc (Debian 10.2.0-3) 10.= 2.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Debian) 2.35) #1 SMP PREEMPT Wed Aug 5 15:3= 5:00 CEST 2020 e4defrag 1.45.6 (20-Mar-2020) --8yAETU0UivP8P4XNt3b2MrTyvFii8YXIg-- --zsCawvBIPHWLKvSyG3sdd7kZIuORWhpyv Content-Type: application/pgp-signature; name="signature.asc" Content-Description: OpenPGP digital signature Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="signature.asc" -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iHUEARYKAB0WIQR1ZhNYxftXAnkWpwEy2ctjR5bMoQUCXzFTEAAKCRAy2ctjR5bM oSxoAP92ThxbFZRqFOUSCuej2E2mLjHzm2dU7FwrDhBL6GIE8AD/ffmHRpc12e78 x6KZzIZq/KxEZc55vtKptU1AtjRclQ8= =SZm3 -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- --zsCawvBIPHWLKvSyG3sdd7kZIuORWhpyv--