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Date:   Thu, 27 Apr 2023 18:01:28 +0800
From:   Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
To:     Baokun Li <libaokun1@huawei.com>
Cc:     Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>,
        Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>, linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org,
        Andreas Dilger <adilger.kernel@dilger.ca>,
        linux-block@vger.kernel.org,
        Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
        linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org, linux-mm@kvack.org,
        Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>,
        Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>,
        Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>, Zhang Yi <yi.zhang@redhat.com>,
        yangerkun <yangerkun@huawei.com>, ming.lei@redhat.com
Subject: Re: [ext4 io hang] buffered write io hang in balance_dirty_pages
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On Thu, Apr 27, 2023 at 02:36:51PM +0800, Baokun Li wrote:
> On 2023/4/27 12:50, Ming Lei wrote:
> > Hello Matthew,
> > 
> > On Thu, Apr 27, 2023 at 04:58:36AM +0100, Matthew Wilcox wrote:
> > > On Thu, Apr 27, 2023 at 10:20:28AM +0800, Ming Lei wrote:
> > > > Hello Guys,
> > > > 
> > > > I got one report in which buffered write IO hangs in balance_dirty_pages,
> > > > after one nvme block device is unplugged physically, then umount can't
> > > > succeed.
> > > That's a feature, not a bug ... the dd should continue indefinitely?
> > Can you explain what the feature is? And not see such 'issue' or 'feature'
> > on xfs.
> > 
> > The device has been gone, so IMO it is reasonable to see FS buffered write IO
> > failed. Actually dmesg has shown that 'EXT4-fs (nvme0n1): Remounting
> > filesystem read-only'. Seems these things may confuse user.
> 
> 
> The reason for this difference is that ext4 and xfs handle errors
> differently.
> 
> ext4 remounts the filesystem as read-only or even just continues, vfs_write
> does not check for these.

vfs_write may not find anything wrong, but ext4 remount could see that
disk is gone, which might happen during or after remount, however.

> 
> xfs shuts down the filesystem, so it returns a failure at
> xfs_file_write_iter when it finds an error.
> 
> 
> ``` ext4
> ksys_write
> ?vfs_write
> ? ext4_file_write_iter
> ?? ext4_buffered_write_iter
> ??? ext4_write_checks
> ???? file_modified
> ????? file_modified_flags
> ?????? __file_update_time
> ??????? inode_update_time
> ???????? generic_update_time
> ????????? __mark_inode_dirty
> ?????????? ext4_dirty_inode ---> 2. void func, No propagating errors out
> ??????????? __ext4_journal_start_sb
> ???????????? ext4_journal_check_start ---> 1. Error found, remount-ro
> ??? generic_perform_write ---> 3. No error sensed, continue
> ???? balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited
> ????? balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited_flags
> ?????? balance_dirty_pages
> ??????? // 4. Sleeping waiting for dirty pages to be freed
> ??????? __set_current_state(TASK_KILLABLE)
> ??????? io_schedule_timeout(pause);
> ```
> 
> ``` xfs
> ksys_write
> ?vfs_write
> ? xfs_file_write_iter
> ?? if (xfs_is_shutdown(ip->i_mount))
> ???? return -EIO;??? ---> dd fail
> ```

Thanks for the info which is really helpful for me to understand the
problem.

> > > balance_dirty_pages() is sleeping in KILLABLE state, so kill -9 of
> > > the dd process should succeed.
> > Yeah, dd can be killed, however it may be any application(s), :-)
> > 
> > Fortunately it won't cause trouble during reboot/power off, given
> > userspace will be killed at that time.
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > Ming
> > 
> Don't worry about that, we always set the current thread to TASK_KILLABLE
> 
> while waiting in balance_dirty_pages().

I have another concern, if 'dd' isn't killed, dirty pages won't be cleaned, and
these (big amount)memory becomes not usable, and typical scenario could be USB HDD
unplugged.


thanks,
Ming