Received: by 2002:a05:6500:1b45:b0:1f5:f2ab:c469 with SMTP id cz5csp803767lqb; Wed, 17 Apr 2024 11:06:31 -0700 (PDT) X-Forwarded-Encrypted: i=3; AJvYcCUu7gt5bLWmIzcXPfVGTVmfNhv03lAUENgzbORHtszAqrDz4xm+ovGWpKamsNukayHcuYBpKpEltg9yxfG3ul8F1TxSafXnn+Lj1SBm+A== X-Google-Smtp-Source: AGHT+IEhHCZ7FpsJDojzWa2Ts6gibTi5+uA8TLhkif+JaDHZ0CYh705XysoWMPC6ai6tsJxI02x0 X-Received: by 2002:a05:6214:a8f:b0:699:4429:c0c7 with SMTP id ev15-20020a0562140a8f00b006994429c0c7mr138687qvb.26.1713377191003; Wed, 17 Apr 2024 11:06:31 -0700 (PDT) ARC-Seal: i=2; a=rsa-sha256; t=1713377190; cv=pass; d=google.com; s=arc-20160816; b=g7aCebNizVIAbIU7bw+K/P95/Nu0U+FvA+qrWYlQ+LKfaZhPW5MU419JZsgFXc8rUF +MGISp9SigVrkEOGHxR5UiLKkV3GbdZUIky/WYanqfKQL1coxhziqldtqFRqXaRU0J6j 22pmEka3i1n10VvgbxUnB4w0IQqjYD9nV+J66qkF+PPZRtTsGhzutxYvLayXzNG3SFTL GSJN9abZoF0ycVC1jxwwP3ZAQx0AoRGlFLMTsOqBIKkeaFUAE6JueSxuzQICvGnM46fK EJThHRepJ7rOPV6Wp/DMKGS56ET9f4xuupyz811Dq6MhX2ob5gw7cTTmyQgvV5s9qD8R gJ0g== ARC-Message-Signature: i=2; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=google.com; s=arc-20160816; h=content-transfer-encoding:mime-version:list-unsubscribe :list-subscribe:list-id:precedence:references:in-reply-to:message-id :subject:cc:to:from:dkim-signature:dkim-signature:date; bh=pwylh6Dtd2mdV0b8+p19DcG02NblOYqwKMD1VZyGC1o=; fh=abJLwy7Ou5WX3ZopNnK+aE/BY9H35qIVUC+cT38kwjs=; b=qbPFmx/FNkQhYbt6lyUnBqE+b4aaEIfH8JjBUIZ+Ltp8Q7aQY/0GW064XFECIFzycf 0uXbmCH7Rz3aaZ6oTD+7w2nAHmPi2JHztv+VKSseyLItXXVEP0eP1SzX3G6wo8vJclKn CqhoVwqc80eAMTbK62oX6TrCLYHFfvN56SdaWk0Zg+KLLoh7YWnhp+XW3dUioiFQ3SXP 7HGdJmLFU+DVoI63slL4T98IqsHScqmR88J5/cBpjZU/pINOCCCg00s29Vgan+wxj2bS VB1Yjmuvr8g/PZc0KFOaqkKtIwRYcMkpoPguOX9+FICSIdsiiyavOF3OEP278Lge88bI 80Yg==; dara=google.com ARC-Authentication-Results: i=2; mx.google.com; dkim=pass header.i=@linutronix.de header.s=2020 header.b=PTnXRkL0; dkim=neutral (no key) header.i=@linutronix.de header.s=2020e; arc=pass (i=1 spf=pass spfdomain=linutronix.de dkim=pass dkdomain=linutronix.de dmarc=pass fromdomain=linutronix.de); spf=pass (google.com: domain of linux-ext4+bounces-2133-linux.lists.archive=gmail.com@vger.kernel.org designates 147.75.199.223 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom="linux-ext4+bounces-2133-linux.lists.archive=gmail.com@vger.kernel.org"; dmarc=pass (p=NONE sp=QUARANTINE dis=NONE) header.from=linutronix.de Return-Path: Received: from ny.mirrors.kernel.org (ny.mirrors.kernel.org. [147.75.199.223]) by mx.google.com with ESMTPS id b7-20020a0cfe67000000b0069944521906si14848736qvv.58.2024.04.17.11.06.30 for (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256); Wed, 17 Apr 2024 11:06:30 -0700 (PDT) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of linux-ext4+bounces-2133-linux.lists.archive=gmail.com@vger.kernel.org designates 147.75.199.223 as permitted sender) client-ip=147.75.199.223; Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; dkim=pass header.i=@linutronix.de header.s=2020 header.b=PTnXRkL0; dkim=neutral (no key) header.i=@linutronix.de header.s=2020e; arc=pass (i=1 spf=pass spfdomain=linutronix.de dkim=pass dkdomain=linutronix.de dmarc=pass fromdomain=linutronix.de); spf=pass (google.com: domain of linux-ext4+bounces-2133-linux.lists.archive=gmail.com@vger.kernel.org designates 147.75.199.223 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom="linux-ext4+bounces-2133-linux.lists.archive=gmail.com@vger.kernel.org"; dmarc=pass (p=NONE sp=QUARANTINE dis=NONE) header.from=linutronix.de Received: from smtp.subspace.kernel.org (wormhole.subspace.kernel.org [52.25.139.140]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ny.mirrors.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 5FAF21C22546 for ; Wed, 17 Apr 2024 18:06:30 +0000 (UTC) Received: from localhost.localdomain (localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1]) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 61FB5172BD8; Wed, 17 Apr 2024 18:06:24 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=linutronix.de header.i=@linutronix.de header.b="PTnXRkL0"; dkim=permerror (0-bit key) header.d=linutronix.de header.i=@linutronix.de header.b="u0uvNqcx" X-Original-To: linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org Received: from galois.linutronix.de (Galois.linutronix.de [193.142.43.55]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by smtp.subspace.kernel.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 9633818C19; Wed, 17 Apr 2024 18:06:22 +0000 (UTC) Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; arc=none smtp.client-ip=193.142.43.55 ARC-Seal:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1713377183; cv=none; b=ifNPw6CnXWpvH2EtCdWQIZSn4/x8MIFP5ZBAu51Wd2FZF4ocxBOdyQ8a0hTv98WNT/3F69CdlMytIiH8bBTKVuZH6I9SETDVHKCVqTB/vNzP8gtNkWiNk3/nYPthiuWMRSIeFn8mo2ppR/p6er5uvJnLxMBw9dYySQJJlLQwFCo= ARC-Message-Signature:i=1; a=rsa-sha256; d=subspace.kernel.org; s=arc-20240116; t=1713377183; c=relaxed/simple; bh=qDjvN97rYs9sHi5cS2z/zYzz/cV7lJgX2WvDgQPJW9s=; h=Date:From:To:Cc:Subject:Message-ID:In-Reply-To:References: MIME-Version:Content-Type; b=HRJQeUsg+YSu7/sUgT6OgJe3JZjqgBH7peO+OH7y24BhwVFifyPY77Gx6v2P4DzTTwdmSUkv4Dm4UQ4JHdXWTIjkxM1eW9/YpcewXyV7CWnWoVPnbJF3DPYIbNEfNkc1UoNPoSU04fVzDidQQ8LoJx5gnNj/JnusB3WS4aBeFWY= ARC-Authentication-Results:i=1; smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=linutronix.de; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=linutronix.de; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=linutronix.de header.i=@linutronix.de header.b=PTnXRkL0; dkim=permerror (0-bit key) header.d=linutronix.de header.i=@linutronix.de header.b=u0uvNqcx; arc=none smtp.client-ip=193.142.43.55 Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; dmarc=pass (p=none dis=none) header.from=linutronix.de Authentication-Results: smtp.subspace.kernel.org; spf=pass smtp.mailfrom=linutronix.de Date: Wed, 17 Apr 2024 20:06:17 +0200 DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=linutronix.de; s=2020; t=1713377180; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding: in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references; bh=pwylh6Dtd2mdV0b8+p19DcG02NblOYqwKMD1VZyGC1o=; b=PTnXRkL0Gx3ZvvovCOtl8ojNWOUmAw0Lw3c3YU2zdLPSfYxMnMlL0SvFTTJKO51paktGUV RGEh5iibetSJew8rfbQDbYxMPFffMsoVjmnPSMeFkKrqUAEttHCCzIN4d08NeOU8dnEXS6 tDoJj3Z0v4BSN1CBw6h4fiuzW/JMdPGt7RrAaPnPtGew3KXkHGx9qlYIDVa3+/LSAeysJx jylL0OQycAkKMO23FGGqqC0ilWzMUCyIjO6NiMh0QLRJXDeU5WrScnumsF4mZJDaVysAmb dYzAzJBTuZCDbDDplVOSCAv7rBJ+AKYUx1sdDUAZwpRE5Wl0W/t0FlhE9HQvZQ== DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=ed25519-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=linutronix.de; s=2020e; t=1713377180; h=from:from:reply-to:subject:subject:date:date:message-id:message-id: to:to:cc:cc:mime-version:mime-version:content-type:content-type: content-transfer-encoding:content-transfer-encoding: in-reply-to:in-reply-to:references:references; bh=pwylh6Dtd2mdV0b8+p19DcG02NblOYqwKMD1VZyGC1o=; b=u0uvNqcxsrxeHeclsTeo2hclmfvQKtnv7ZQIvprFID5UogtYQNXGwTi1vc+sqQegdsu+K4 43uPtNQkpiHk8KCA== From: Nam Cao To: "Theodore Ts'o" Cc: Mike Rapoport , Matthew Wilcox , =?UTF-8?B?QmrDtnJuIFTDtnBlbA==?= , Christian Brauner , Andreas Dilger , Al Viro , linux-fsdevel , Jan Kara , Linux Kernel Mailing List , linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org, Ext4 Developers List , Conor Dooley , Anders Roxell , Alexandre Ghiti Subject: Re: riscv32 EXT4 splat, 6.8 regression? Message-ID: <20240417200617.2f54bc7b@namcao> In-Reply-To: <20240417153122.GE2277619@mit.edu> References: <8734rlo9j7.fsf@all.your.base.are.belong.to.us> <20240416171713.7d76fe7d@namcao> <20240416173030.257f0807@namcao> <87v84h2tee.fsf@all.your.base.are.belong.to.us> <20240416181944.23af44ee@namcao> <20240417003639.13bfd801@namcao> <20240417153122.GE2277619@mit.edu> Precedence: bulk X-Mailing-List: linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org List-Id: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit On 2024-04-17 Theodore Ts'o wrote: > On Wed, Apr 17, 2024 at 12:36:39AM +0200, Nam Cao wrote: > > > > However, I am confused about one thing: doesn't this make one page of > > physical memory inaccessible? > > So are these riscv32 systems really having multiple terabytes of > memory? Why is this page in the physical memory map in the first > place? It's 32 bit, so it doesn't take much to fill up the entire address space. Here's the memory layout from kernel boot log: [ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout: [ 0.000000] fixmap : 0x9c800000 - 0x9d000000 (8192 kB) [ 0.000000] pci io : 0x9d000000 - 0x9e000000 ( 16 MB) [ 0.000000] vmemmap : 0x9e000000 - 0xa0000000 ( 32 MB) [ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xa0000000 - 0xc0000000 ( 512 MB) [ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0x00000000 (1024 MB) Note that lowmem occupies the last 1GB, including ERR_PTR (the last address wraps to zero) Best regards, Nam