2018-08-06 13:29:30

by Vikash Garodia

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: [PATCH v4 0/4] Venus updates - PIL

Hello,

Here is v4 with following comments addressed:

* inline function for setting suspend and resume.
* keep firmware size as 6 MB.
* comments related to indentation, cleanup, etc.

As per comments from Bjorn, qcom_mdt_load_no_init is being used in this
patch series to align with https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/10397889/.

Comments are welcome!

Vikash Garodia (4):
venus: firmware: add routine to reset ARM9
venus: firmware: move load firmware in a separate function
venus: firmware: add no TZ boot and shutdown routine
venus: firmware: register separate driver for firmware device

.../devicetree/bindings/media/qcom,venus.txt | 17 +-
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c | 60 +++++--
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h | 7 +
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c | 192 ++++++++++++++++++---
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h | 17 +-
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus.c | 13 +-
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h | 6 +
7 files changed, 268 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-)

--
The Qualcomm Innovation Center, Inc. is a member of the Code Aurora Forum,
a Linux Foundation Collaborative Project



2018-08-06 13:29:40

by Vikash Garodia

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: [PATCH v4 1/4] venus: firmware: add routine to reset ARM9

Add routine to reset the ARM9 and brings it out of reset. Also
abstract the Venus CPU state handling with a new function. This
is in preparation to add PIL functionality in venus driver.

Signed-off-by: Vikash Garodia <[email protected]>
---
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h | 1 +
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c | 31 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h | 11 +++++++++
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus.c | 13 +++-------
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h | 5 ++++
5 files changed, 52 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h
index 2f02365..eb5ee66 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h
@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@ struct venus_core {
struct device *dev;
struct device *dev_dec;
struct device *dev_enc;
+ bool no_tz;
struct mutex lock;
struct list_head instances;
atomic_t insts_count;
diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
index c4a5778..3aa6b37 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
@@ -22,10 +22,41 @@
#include <linux/sizes.h>
#include <linux/soc/qcom/mdt_loader.h>

+#include "core.h"
#include "firmware.h"
+#include "hfi_venus_io.h"

#define VENUS_PAS_ID 9
#define VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE (6 * SZ_1M)
+#define VENUS_FW_START_ADDR 0x0
+
+static void venus_reset_cpu(struct venus_core *core)
+{
+ void __iomem *base = core->base;
+
+ writel(0, base + WRAPPER_FW_START_ADDR);
+ writel(VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE, base + WRAPPER_FW_END_ADDR);
+ writel(0, base + WRAPPER_CPA_START_ADDR);
+ writel(VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE, base + WRAPPER_CPA_END_ADDR);
+ writel(0x0, base + WRAPPER_CPU_CGC_DIS);
+ writel(0x0, base + WRAPPER_CPU_CLOCK_CONFIG);
+
+ /* Bring ARM9 out of reset */
+ writel(0, base + WRAPPER_A9SS_SW_RESET);
+}
+
+int venus_set_hw_state(struct venus_core *core, bool resume)
+{
+ if (!core->no_tz)
+ return qcom_scm_set_remote_state(resume, 0);
+
+ if (resume)
+ venus_reset_cpu(core);
+ else
+ writel(1, core->base + WRAPPER_A9SS_SW_RESET);
+
+ return 0;
+}

int venus_boot(struct device *dev, const char *fwname)
{
diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
index 428efb5..efa449a 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
@@ -18,5 +18,16 @@

int venus_boot(struct device *dev, const char *fwname);
int venus_shutdown(struct device *dev);
+int venus_set_hw_state(struct venus_core *core, bool suspend);
+
+static inline int venus_set_hw_state_suspend(struct venus_core *core)
+{
+ return venus_set_hw_state(core, 0);
+}
+
+static inline int venus_set_hw_state_resume(struct venus_core *core)
+{
+ return venus_set_hw_state(core, 1);
+}

#endif
diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus.c b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus.c
index 1240855..074837e 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus.c
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus.c
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/iopoll.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
-#include <linux/qcom_scm.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>

#include "core.h"
@@ -27,6 +26,7 @@
#include "hfi_msgs.h"
#include "hfi_venus.h"
#include "hfi_venus_io.h"
+#include "firmware.h"

#define HFI_MASK_QHDR_TX_TYPE 0xff000000
#define HFI_MASK_QHDR_RX_TYPE 0x00ff0000
@@ -55,11 +55,6 @@
#define IFACEQ_VAR_LARGE_PKT_SIZE 512
#define IFACEQ_VAR_HUGE_PKT_SIZE (1024 * 12)

-enum tzbsp_video_state {
- TZBSP_VIDEO_STATE_SUSPEND = 0,
- TZBSP_VIDEO_STATE_RESUME
-};
-
struct hfi_queue_table_header {
u32 version;
u32 size;
@@ -575,7 +570,7 @@ static int venus_power_off(struct venus_hfi_device *hdev)
if (!hdev->power_enabled)
return 0;

- ret = qcom_scm_set_remote_state(TZBSP_VIDEO_STATE_SUSPEND, 0);
+ ret = venus_set_hw_state_suspend(hdev->core);
if (ret)
return ret;

@@ -595,7 +590,7 @@ static int venus_power_on(struct venus_hfi_device *hdev)
if (hdev->power_enabled)
return 0;

- ret = qcom_scm_set_remote_state(TZBSP_VIDEO_STATE_RESUME, 0);
+ ret = venus_set_hw_state_resume(hdev->core);
if (ret)
goto err;

@@ -608,7 +603,7 @@ static int venus_power_on(struct venus_hfi_device *hdev)
return 0;

err_suspend:
- qcom_scm_set_remote_state(TZBSP_VIDEO_STATE_SUSPEND, 0);
+ venus_set_hw_state_suspend(hdev->core);
err:
hdev->power_enabled = false;
return ret;
diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h
index def0926..d7f838b 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h
@@ -112,6 +112,11 @@
#define WRAPPER_CPU_STATUS (WRAPPER_BASE + 0x2014)
#define WRAPPER_CPU_STATUS_WFI BIT(0)
#define WRAPPER_SW_RESET (WRAPPER_BASE + 0x3000)
+#define WRAPPER_CPA_START_ADDR (WRAPPER_BASE + 0x1020)
+#define WRAPPER_CPA_END_ADDR (WRAPPER_BASE + 0x1024)
+#define WRAPPER_FW_START_ADDR (WRAPPER_BASE + 0x1028)
+#define WRAPPER_FW_END_ADDR (WRAPPER_BASE + 0x102C)
+#define WRAPPER_A9SS_SW_RESET (WRAPPER_BASE + 0x3000)

/* Venus 4xx */
#define WRAPPER_VCODEC0_MMCC_POWER_STATUS (WRAPPER_BASE + 0x90)
--
The Qualcomm Innovation Center, Inc. is a member of the Code Aurora Forum,
a Linux Foundation Collaborative Project


2018-08-06 13:29:48

by Vikash Garodia

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: [PATCH v4 2/4] venus: firmware: move load firmware in a separate function

Separate firmware loading part into a new function.

Signed-off-by: Vikash Garodia <[email protected]>
---
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c | 4 +--
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c | 54 +++++++++++++++++-----------
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h | 2 +-
3 files changed, 37 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c
index bb6add9..75b9785 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ static void venus_sys_error_handler(struct work_struct *work)

pm_runtime_get_sync(core->dev);

- ret |= venus_boot(core->dev, core->res->fwname);
+ ret |= venus_boot(core);

ret |= hfi_core_resume(core, true);

@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ static int venus_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
if (ret < 0)
goto err_runtime_disable;

- ret = venus_boot(dev, core->res->fwname);
+ ret = venus_boot(core);
if (ret)
goto err_runtime_disable;

diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
index 3aa6b37..4577043 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
@@ -58,20 +58,18 @@ int venus_set_hw_state(struct venus_core *core, bool resume)
return 0;
}

-int venus_boot(struct device *dev, const char *fwname)
+static int venus_load_fw(struct venus_core *core, const char *fwname,
+ phys_addr_t *mem_phys, size_t *mem_size)
{
const struct firmware *mdt;
struct device_node *node;
- phys_addr_t mem_phys;
+ struct device *dev;
struct resource r;
ssize_t fw_size;
- size_t mem_size;
void *mem_va;
int ret;

- if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_QCOM_MDT_LOADER) || !qcom_scm_is_available())
- return -EPROBE_DEFER;
-
+ dev = core->dev;
node = of_parse_phandle(dev->of_node, "memory-region", 0);
if (!node) {
dev_err(dev, "no memory-region specified\n");
@@ -82,16 +80,16 @@ int venus_boot(struct device *dev, const char *fwname)
if (ret)
return ret;

- mem_phys = r.start;
- mem_size = resource_size(&r);
+ *mem_phys = r.start;
+ *mem_size = resource_size(&r);

- if (mem_size < VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE)
+ if (*mem_size < VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE)
return -EINVAL;

- mem_va = memremap(r.start, mem_size, MEMREMAP_WC);
+ mem_va = memremap(r.start, *mem_size, MEMREMAP_WC);
if (!mem_va) {
dev_err(dev, "unable to map memory region: %pa+%zx\n",
- &r.start, mem_size);
+ &r.start, *mem_size);
return -ENOMEM;
}

@@ -106,23 +104,39 @@ int venus_boot(struct device *dev, const char *fwname)
goto err_unmap;
}

- ret = qcom_mdt_load(dev, mdt, fwname, VENUS_PAS_ID, mem_va, mem_phys,
- mem_size, NULL);
+ if (core->no_tz)
+ ret = qcom_mdt_load_no_init(dev, mdt, fwname, VENUS_PAS_ID,
+ mem_va, *mem_phys, *mem_size, NULL);
+ else
+ ret = qcom_mdt_load(dev, mdt, fwname, VENUS_PAS_ID,
+ mem_va, *mem_phys, *mem_size, NULL);

release_firmware(mdt);

- if (ret)
- goto err_unmap;
-
- ret = qcom_scm_pas_auth_and_reset(VENUS_PAS_ID);
- if (ret)
- goto err_unmap;
-
err_unmap:
memunmap(mem_va);
return ret;
}

+int venus_boot(struct venus_core *core)
+{
+ phys_addr_t mem_phys;
+ struct device *dev = core->dev;
+ size_t mem_size;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_QCOM_MDT_LOADER) ||
+ (!core->no_tz && !qcom_scm_is_available()))
+ return -EPROBE_DEFER;
+
+ ret = venus_load_fw(core, core->res->fwname, &mem_phys, &mem_size);
+ if (ret) {
+ dev_err(dev, "fail to load video firmware\n");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ return qcom_scm_pas_auth_and_reset(VENUS_PAS_ID);
+}
+
int venus_shutdown(struct device *dev)
{
return qcom_scm_pas_shutdown(VENUS_PAS_ID);
diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
index efa449a..347a893 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@

struct device;

-int venus_boot(struct device *dev, const char *fwname);
+int venus_boot(struct venus_core *core);
int venus_shutdown(struct device *dev);
int venus_set_hw_state(struct venus_core *core, bool suspend);

--
The Qualcomm Innovation Center, Inc. is a member of the Code Aurora Forum,
a Linux Foundation Collaborative Project


2018-08-06 13:30:09

by Vikash Garodia

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: [PATCH v4 3/4] venus: firmware: add no TZ boot and shutdown routine

Video hardware is mainly comprised of vcodec subsystem and video
control subsystem. Video control has ARM9 which executes the video
firmware instructions whereas vcodec does the video frame processing.
This change adds support to load the video firmware and bring ARM9
out of reset for platforms which does not have trustzone.

Signed-off-by: Vikash Garodia <[email protected]>
---
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c | 6 +-
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h | 6 ++
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c | 91 +++++++++++++++++++++++-
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h | 2 +-
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h | 1 +
5 files changed, 99 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c
index 75b9785..393994e 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ static void venus_sys_error_handler(struct work_struct *work)
hfi_core_deinit(core, true);
hfi_destroy(core);
mutex_lock(&core->lock);
- venus_shutdown(core->dev);
+ venus_shutdown(core);

pm_runtime_put_sync(core->dev);

@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ static int venus_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
err_core_deinit:
hfi_core_deinit(core, false);
err_venus_shutdown:
- venus_shutdown(dev);
+ venus_shutdown(core);
err_runtime_disable:
pm_runtime_set_suspended(dev);
pm_runtime_disable(dev);
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ static int venus_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
WARN_ON(ret);

hfi_destroy(core);
- venus_shutdown(dev);
+ venus_shutdown(core);
of_platform_depopulate(dev);

pm_runtime_put_sync(dev);
diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h
index eb5ee66..8c64177 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h
@@ -81,6 +81,11 @@ struct venus_caps {
bool valid; /* used only for Venus v1xx */
};

+struct video_firmware {
+ struct device *dev;
+ struct iommu_domain *iommu_domain;
+};
+
/**
* struct venus_core - holds core parameters valid for all instances
*
@@ -129,6 +134,7 @@ struct venus_core {
struct device *dev;
struct device *dev_dec;
struct device *dev_enc;
+ struct video_firmware fw;
bool no_tz;
struct mutex lock;
struct list_head instances;
diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
index 4577043..30130d4 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@
*
*/

+#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/firmware.h>
+#include <linux/iommu.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/of.h>
@@ -118,6 +120,76 @@ static int venus_load_fw(struct venus_core *core, const char *fwname,
return ret;
}

+static int venus_boot_no_tz(struct venus_core *core, phys_addr_t mem_phys,
+ size_t mem_size)
+{
+ struct iommu_domain *iommu_dom;
+ struct device *dev;
+ int ret;
+
+ dev = core->fw.dev;
+ if (!dev)
+ return -EPROBE_DEFER;
+
+ iommu_dom = iommu_domain_alloc(&platform_bus_type);
+ if (!iommu_dom) {
+ dev_err(dev, "Failed to allocate iommu domain\n");
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ }
+
+ ret = iommu_attach_device(iommu_dom, dev);
+ if (ret) {
+ dev_err(dev, "could not attach device\n");
+ goto err_attach;
+ }
+
+ ret = iommu_map(iommu_dom, VENUS_FW_START_ADDR, mem_phys, mem_size,
+ IOMMU_READ | IOMMU_WRITE | IOMMU_PRIV);
+ if (ret) {
+ dev_err(dev, "could not map video firmware region\n");
+ goto err_map;
+ }
+
+ core->fw.iommu_domain = iommu_dom;
+ venus_reset_cpu(core);
+
+ return 0;
+
+err_map:
+ iommu_detach_device(iommu_dom, dev);
+err_attach:
+ iommu_domain_free(iommu_dom);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int venus_shutdown_no_tz(struct venus_core *core)
+{
+ struct iommu_domain *iommu;
+ size_t unmapped = 0;
+ u32 reg;
+ struct device *dev = core->fw.dev;
+ void __iomem *reg_base = core->base;
+
+ /* Assert the reset to ARM9 */
+ reg = readl_relaxed(reg_base + WRAPPER_A9SS_SW_RESET);
+ reg |= WRAPPER_A9SS_SW_RESET_BIT;
+ writel_relaxed(reg, reg_base + WRAPPER_A9SS_SW_RESET);
+
+ /* Make sure reset is asserted before the mapping is removed */
+ mb();
+
+ iommu = core->fw.iommu_domain;
+
+ unmapped = iommu_unmap(iommu, VENUS_FW_START_ADDR, VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE);
+ if (unmapped != VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE)
+ dev_err(dev, "failed to unmap firmware\n");
+
+ iommu_detach_device(iommu, dev);
+ iommu_domain_free(iommu);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
int venus_boot(struct venus_core *core)
{
phys_addr_t mem_phys;
@@ -134,10 +206,23 @@ int venus_boot(struct venus_core *core)
dev_err(dev, "fail to load video firmware\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
- return qcom_scm_pas_auth_and_reset(VENUS_PAS_ID);
+
+ if (core->no_tz)
+ ret = venus_boot_no_tz(core, mem_phys, mem_size);
+ else
+ ret = qcom_scm_pas_auth_and_reset(VENUS_PAS_ID);
+
+ return ret;
}

-int venus_shutdown(struct device *dev)
+int venus_shutdown(struct venus_core *core)
{
- return qcom_scm_pas_shutdown(VENUS_PAS_ID);
+ int ret;
+
+ if (core->no_tz)
+ ret = venus_shutdown_no_tz(core);
+ else
+ ret = qcom_scm_pas_shutdown(VENUS_PAS_ID);
+
+ return ret;
}
diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
index 347a893..8456b59 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
struct device;

int venus_boot(struct venus_core *core);
-int venus_shutdown(struct device *dev);
+int venus_shutdown(struct venus_core *core);
int venus_set_hw_state(struct venus_core *core, bool suspend);

static inline int venus_set_hw_state_suspend(struct venus_core *core)
diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h
index d7f838b..e906491 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@
#define WRAPPER_FW_START_ADDR (WRAPPER_BASE + 0x1028)
#define WRAPPER_FW_END_ADDR (WRAPPER_BASE + 0x102C)
#define WRAPPER_A9SS_SW_RESET (WRAPPER_BASE + 0x3000)
+#define WRAPPER_A9SS_SW_RESET_BIT BIT(4)

/* Venus 4xx */
#define WRAPPER_VCODEC0_MMCC_POWER_STATUS (WRAPPER_BASE + 0x90)
--
The Qualcomm Innovation Center, Inc. is a member of the Code Aurora Forum,
a Linux Foundation Collaborative Project


2018-08-06 13:30:32

by Vikash Garodia

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: [PATCH v4 4/4] venus: firmware: register separate driver for firmware device

A separate child device is added for video firmware.
This is needed to
[1] configure the firmware context bank with the desired SID.
[2] ensure that the iova for firmware region is from 0x0.

Reviewed-by: Rob Herring <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Vikash Garodia <[email protected]>
---
.../devicetree/bindings/media/qcom,venus.txt | 17 +++++++-
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c | 50 +++++++++++++++++++---
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c | 18 ++++++++
drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h | 2 +
4 files changed, 81 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/media/qcom,venus.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/media/qcom,venus.txt
index 00d0d1b..975fb12 100644
--- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/media/qcom,venus.txt
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/media/qcom,venus.txt
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@

* Subnodes
The Venus video-codec node must contain two subnodes representing
-video-decoder and video-encoder.
+video-decoder and video-encoder, one optional firmware subnode.

Every of video-encoder or video-decoder subnode should have:

@@ -79,6 +79,17 @@ Every of video-encoder or video-decoder subnode should have:
power domain which is responsible for collapsing
and restoring power to the subcore.

+The firmware sub node must have:
+
+- compatible:
+ Usage: required
+ Value type: <stringlist>
+ Definition: Value should contain "venus-firmware"
+- iommus:
+ Usage: required
+ Value type: <prop-encoded-array>
+ Definition: A list of phandle and IOMMU specifier pairs.
+
* An Example
video-codec@1d00000 {
compatible = "qcom,msm8916-venus";
@@ -105,4 +116,8 @@ Every of video-encoder or video-decoder subnode should have:
clock-names = "core";
power-domains = <&mmcc VENUS_CORE1_GDSC>;
};
+ venus-firmware {
+ compatible = "qcom,venus-firmware";
+ iommus = <&apps_smmu 0x10b2 0x0>;
+ }
};
diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c
index 393994e..555ba21 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c
@@ -179,6 +179,21 @@ static u32 to_v4l2_codec_type(u32 codec)
}
}

+static int store_firmware_dev(struct device *dev, void *data)
+{
+ struct venus_core *core = data;
+
+ if (!core)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ if (of_device_is_compatible(dev->of_node, "qcom,venus-firmware")) {
+ core->fw.dev = dev;
+ core->no_tz = true;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
static int venus_enumerate_codecs(struct venus_core *core, u32 type)
{
const struct hfi_inst_ops dummy_ops = {};
@@ -284,6 +299,13 @@ static int venus_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
if (ret < 0)
goto err_runtime_disable;

+ ret = of_platform_populate(dev->of_node, NULL, NULL, dev);
+ if (ret)
+ goto err_runtime_disable;
+
+ /* Attempt to store firmware device */
+ device_for_each_child(dev, core, store_firmware_dev);
+
ret = venus_boot(core);
if (ret)
goto err_runtime_disable;
@@ -308,10 +330,6 @@ static int venus_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
if (ret)
goto err_core_deinit;

- ret = of_platform_populate(dev->of_node, NULL, NULL, dev);
- if (ret)
- goto err_dev_unregister;
-
ret = pm_runtime_put_sync(dev);
if (ret)
goto err_dev_unregister;
@@ -488,7 +506,29 @@ static __maybe_unused int venus_runtime_resume(struct device *dev)
.pm = &venus_pm_ops,
},
};
-module_platform_driver(qcom_venus_driver);
+
+static int __init venus_init(void)
+{
+ int ret;
+
+ ret = platform_driver_register(&qcom_video_firmware_driver);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = platform_driver_register(&qcom_venus_driver);
+ if (ret)
+ platform_driver_unregister(&qcom_video_firmware_driver);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+module_init(venus_init);
+
+static void __exit venus_exit(void)
+{
+ platform_driver_unregister(&qcom_venus_driver);
+ platform_driver_unregister(&qcom_video_firmware_driver);
+}
+module_exit(venus_exit);

MODULE_ALIAS("platform:qcom-venus");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Qualcomm Venus video encoder and decoder driver");
diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
index 30130d4..d26797d 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
*
*/

+#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/firmware.h>
@@ -226,3 +227,20 @@ int venus_shutdown(struct venus_core *core)

return ret;
}
+
+static const struct of_device_id firmware_dt_match[] = {
+ { .compatible = "qcom,venus-firmware" },
+ { }
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, firmware_dt_match);
+
+struct platform_driver qcom_video_firmware_driver = {
+ .driver = {
+ .name = "qcom-video-firmware",
+ .of_match_table = firmware_dt_match,
+ },
+};
+
+MODULE_ALIAS("platform:qcom-video-firmware");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Qualcomm Venus firmware driver");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
index 8456b59..de5e057 100644
--- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
+++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@

struct device;

+extern struct platform_driver qcom_video_firmware_driver;
+
int venus_boot(struct venus_core *core);
int venus_shutdown(struct venus_core *core);
int venus_set_hw_state(struct venus_core *core, bool suspend);
--
The Qualcomm Innovation Center, Inc. is a member of the Code Aurora Forum,
a Linux Foundation Collaborative Project


2018-08-21 05:53:16

by Vikash Garodia

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 0/4] Venus updates - PIL

<Friendly reminder for review>

On 2018-08-06 18:58, Vikash Garodia wrote:
> Hello,
>
> Here is v4 with following comments addressed:
>
> * inline function for setting suspend and resume.
> * keep firmware size as 6 MB.
> * comments related to indentation, cleanup, etc.
>
> As per comments from Bjorn, qcom_mdt_load_no_init is being used in this
> patch series to align with
> https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/10397889/.
>
> Comments are welcome!
>
> Vikash Garodia (4):
> venus: firmware: add routine to reset ARM9
> venus: firmware: move load firmware in a separate function
> venus: firmware: add no TZ boot and shutdown routine
> venus: firmware: register separate driver for firmware device
>
> .../devicetree/bindings/media/qcom,venus.txt | 17 +-
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c | 60 +++++--
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h | 7 +
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c | 192
> ++++++++++++++++++---
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h | 17 +-
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus.c | 13 +-
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h | 6 +
> 7 files changed, 268 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-)

2018-08-21 12:11:00

by Stanimir Varbanov

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 1/4] venus: firmware: add routine to reset ARM9

Hi Vikash,

On 08/06/2018 04:28 PM, Vikash Garodia wrote:
> Add routine to reset the ARM9 and brings it out of reset. Also
> abstract the Venus CPU state handling with a new function. This
> is in preparation to add PIL functionality in venus driver.
>
> Signed-off-by: Vikash Garodia <[email protected]>
> ---
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h | 1 +
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c | 31 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h | 11 +++++++++
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus.c | 13 +++-------
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h | 5 ++++
> 5 files changed, 52 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h
> index 2f02365..eb5ee66 100644
> --- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h
> +++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h
> @@ -129,6 +129,7 @@ struct venus_core {
> struct device *dev;
> struct device *dev_dec;
> struct device *dev_enc;
> + bool no_tz;
> struct mutex lock;
> struct list_head instances;
> atomic_t insts_count;
> diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
> index c4a5778..3aa6b37 100644
> --- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
> +++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
> @@ -22,10 +22,41 @@
> #include <linux/sizes.h>
> #include <linux/soc/qcom/mdt_loader.h>
>
> +#include "core.h"
> #include "firmware.h"
> +#include "hfi_venus_io.h"
>
> #define VENUS_PAS_ID 9
> #define VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE (6 * SZ_1M)
> +#define VENUS_FW_START_ADDR 0x0
> +
> +static void venus_reset_cpu(struct venus_core *core)
> +{
> + void __iomem *base = core->base;
> +
> + writel(0, base + WRAPPER_FW_START_ADDR);
> + writel(VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE, base + WRAPPER_FW_END_ADDR);
> + writel(0, base + WRAPPER_CPA_START_ADDR);
> + writel(VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE, base + WRAPPER_CPA_END_ADDR);
> + writel(0x0, base + WRAPPER_CPU_CGC_DIS);
> + writel(0x0, base + WRAPPER_CPU_CLOCK_CONFIG);
> +
> + /* Bring ARM9 out of reset */
> + writel(0, base + WRAPPER_A9SS_SW_RESET);
> +}
> +
> +int venus_set_hw_state(struct venus_core *core, bool resume)
> +{
> + if (!core->no_tz)
> + return qcom_scm_set_remote_state(resume, 0);
> +
> + if (resume)
> + venus_reset_cpu(core);
> + else
> + writel(1, core->base + WRAPPER_A9SS_SW_RESET);
> +
> + return 0;
> +}
>
> int venus_boot(struct device *dev, const char *fwname)
> {
> diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
> index 428efb5..efa449a 100644
> --- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
> +++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h
> @@ -18,5 +18,16 @@
>
> int venus_boot(struct device *dev, const char *fwname);
> int venus_shutdown(struct device *dev);
> +int venus_set_hw_state(struct venus_core *core, bool suspend);
> +
> +static inline int venus_set_hw_state_suspend(struct venus_core *core)
> +{
> + return venus_set_hw_state(core, 0);

venus_set_hw_state(core, false);

> +}
> +
> +static inline int venus_set_hw_state_resume(struct venus_core *core)
> +{
> + return venus_set_hw_state(core, 1);

venus_set_hw_state(core, true);

<snip>

--
regards,
Stan

2018-08-21 12:11:41

by Stanimir Varbanov

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 2/4] venus: firmware: move load firmware in a separate function

Hi Vikash,

On 08/06/2018 04:28 PM, Vikash Garodia wrote:
> Separate firmware loading part into a new function.
>
> Signed-off-by: Vikash Garodia <[email protected]>
> ---
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c | 4 +--
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c | 54 +++++++++++++++++-----------
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h | 2 +-
> 3 files changed, 37 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)
>

<snip>

> diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
> index 3aa6b37..4577043 100644
> --- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
> +++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
> @@ -58,20 +58,18 @@ int venus_set_hw_state(struct venus_core *core, bool resume)
> return 0;
> }
>
> -int venus_boot(struct device *dev, const char *fwname)
> +static int venus_load_fw(struct venus_core *core, const char *fwname,
> + phys_addr_t *mem_phys, size_t *mem_size)

fix indentation

> {
> const struct firmware *mdt;
> struct device_node *node;
> - phys_addr_t mem_phys;
> + struct device *dev;
> struct resource r;
> ssize_t fw_size;
> - size_t mem_size;
> void *mem_va;
> int ret;
>
> - if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_QCOM_MDT_LOADER) || !qcom_scm_is_available())
> - return -EPROBE_DEFER;
> -
> + dev = core->dev;
> node = of_parse_phandle(dev->of_node, "memory-region", 0);
> if (!node) {
> dev_err(dev, "no memory-region specified\n");
> @@ -82,16 +80,16 @@ int venus_boot(struct device *dev, const char *fwname)
> if (ret)
> return ret;
>
> - mem_phys = r.start;
> - mem_size = resource_size(&r);
> + *mem_phys = r.start;
> + *mem_size = resource_size(&r);
>
> - if (mem_size < VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE)
> + if (*mem_size < VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE)
> return -EINVAL;
>
> - mem_va = memremap(r.start, mem_size, MEMREMAP_WC);
> + mem_va = memremap(r.start, *mem_size, MEMREMAP_WC);
> if (!mem_va) {
> dev_err(dev, "unable to map memory region: %pa+%zx\n",
> - &r.start, mem_size);
> + &r.start, *mem_size);
> return -ENOMEM;
> }
>
> @@ -106,23 +104,39 @@ int venus_boot(struct device *dev, const char *fwname)
> goto err_unmap;
> }
>
> - ret = qcom_mdt_load(dev, mdt, fwname, VENUS_PAS_ID, mem_va, mem_phys,
> - mem_size, NULL);
> + if (core->no_tz)
> + ret = qcom_mdt_load_no_init(dev, mdt, fwname, VENUS_PAS_ID,
> + mem_va, *mem_phys, *mem_size, NULL);
> + else
> + ret = qcom_mdt_load(dev, mdt, fwname, VENUS_PAS_ID,
> + mem_va, *mem_phys, *mem_size, NULL);

Please fix the indentation issues above.

>
> release_firmware(mdt);
>
> - if (ret)
> - goto err_unmap;
> -
> - ret = qcom_scm_pas_auth_and_reset(VENUS_PAS_ID);
> - if (ret)
> - goto err_unmap;
> -
> err_unmap:
> memunmap(mem_va);
> return ret;
> }
>
> +int venus_boot(struct venus_core *core)
> +{
> + phys_addr_t mem_phys;
> + struct device *dev = core->dev;

move this one row upper.

> + size_t mem_size;
> + int ret;
> +
> + if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_QCOM_MDT_LOADER) ||
> + (!core->no_tz && !qcom_scm_is_available()))
> + return -EPROBE_DEFER;

fix indentation

> +
> + ret = venus_load_fw(core, core->res->fwname, &mem_phys, &mem_size);
> + if (ret) {
> + dev_err(dev, "fail to load video firmware\n");
> + return -EINVAL;
> + }

blank line here

> + return qcom_scm_pas_auth_and_reset(VENUS_PAS_ID);
> +}

--
regards,
Stan

2018-08-21 13:36:47

by Stanimir Varbanov

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 3/4] venus: firmware: add no TZ boot and shutdown routine

Hi Vikash,

On 08/06/2018 04:28 PM, Vikash Garodia wrote:
> Video hardware is mainly comprised of vcodec subsystem and video
> control subsystem. Video control has ARM9 which executes the video
> firmware instructions whereas vcodec does the video frame processing.
> This change adds support to load the video firmware and bring ARM9
> out of reset for platforms which does not have trustzone.
>
> Signed-off-by: Vikash Garodia <[email protected]>
> ---
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c | 6 +-
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h | 6 ++
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c | 91 +++++++++++++++++++++++-
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.h | 2 +-
> drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/hfi_venus_io.h | 1 +
> 5 files changed, 99 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c
> index 75b9785..393994e 100644
> --- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c
> +++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.c
> @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ static void venus_sys_error_handler(struct work_struct *work)
> hfi_core_deinit(core, true);
> hfi_destroy(core);
> mutex_lock(&core->lock);
> - venus_shutdown(core->dev);
> + venus_shutdown(core);
>
> pm_runtime_put_sync(core->dev);
>
> @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ static int venus_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
> err_core_deinit:
> hfi_core_deinit(core, false);
> err_venus_shutdown:
> - venus_shutdown(dev);
> + venus_shutdown(core);
> err_runtime_disable:
> pm_runtime_set_suspended(dev);
> pm_runtime_disable(dev);
> @@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ static int venus_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
> WARN_ON(ret);
>
> hfi_destroy(core);
> - venus_shutdown(dev);
> + venus_shutdown(core);
> of_platform_depopulate(dev);
>
> pm_runtime_put_sync(dev);
> diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h
> index eb5ee66..8c64177 100644
> --- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h
> +++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/core.h
> @@ -81,6 +81,11 @@ struct venus_caps {
> bool valid; /* used only for Venus v1xx */
> };
>
> +struct video_firmware {
> + struct device *dev;
> + struct iommu_domain *iommu_domain;
> +};
> +
> /**
> * struct venus_core - holds core parameters valid for all instances
> *
> @@ -129,6 +134,7 @@ struct venus_core {
> struct device *dev;
> struct device *dev_dec;
> struct device *dev_enc;
> + struct video_firmware fw;
> bool no_tz;
> struct mutex lock;
> struct list_head instances;
> diff --git a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
> index 4577043..30130d4 100644
> --- a/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
> +++ b/drivers/media/platform/qcom/venus/firmware.c
> @@ -12,8 +12,10 @@
> *
> */
>
> +#include <linux/platform_device.h>

please keep includes alphabetically ordered.

> #include <linux/device.h>
> #include <linux/firmware.h>
> +#include <linux/iommu.h>

and here too

> #include <linux/kernel.h>
> #include <linux/io.h>
> #include <linux/of.h>
> @@ -118,6 +120,76 @@ static int venus_load_fw(struct venus_core *core, const char *fwname,
> return ret;
> }
>
> +static int venus_boot_no_tz(struct venus_core *core, phys_addr_t mem_phys,
> + size_t mem_size)
> +{
> + struct iommu_domain *iommu_dom;
> + struct device *dev;
> + int ret;
> +
> + dev = core->fw.dev;
> + if (!dev)
> + return -EPROBE_DEFER;
> +
> + iommu_dom = iommu_domain_alloc(&platform_bus_type);
> + if (!iommu_dom) {
> + dev_err(dev, "Failed to allocate iommu domain\n");
> + return -ENOMEM;
> + }
> +
> + ret = iommu_attach_device(iommu_dom, dev);
> + if (ret) {
> + dev_err(dev, "could not attach device\n");
> + goto err_attach;
> + }
> +
> + ret = iommu_map(iommu_dom, VENUS_FW_START_ADDR, mem_phys, mem_size,
> + IOMMU_READ | IOMMU_WRITE | IOMMU_PRIV);
> + if (ret) {
> + dev_err(dev, "could not map video firmware region\n");
> + goto err_map;
> + }
> +
> + core->fw.iommu_domain = iommu_dom;
> + venus_reset_cpu(core);
> +
> + return 0;
> +
> +err_map:
> + iommu_detach_device(iommu_dom, dev);
> +err_attach:
> + iommu_domain_free(iommu_dom);
> + return ret;
> +}
> +
> +static int venus_shutdown_no_tz(struct venus_core *core)
> +{
> + struct iommu_domain *iommu;
> + size_t unmapped = 0;

no need to initialize unmapped variable.

> + u32 reg;
> + struct device *dev = core->fw.dev;

could you move longer lines at the beginning of the function

> + void __iomem *reg_base = core->base;

renaming reg_base to base will give you shorter line(s), otherwise I
think you should use core->base directly

> +
> + /* Assert the reset to ARM9 */
> + reg = readl_relaxed(reg_base + WRAPPER_A9SS_SW_RESET);
> + reg |= WRAPPER_A9SS_SW_RESET_BIT;
> + writel_relaxed(reg, reg_base + WRAPPER_A9SS_SW_RESET);
> +
> + /* Make sure reset is asserted before the mapping is removed */
> + mb();
> +
> + iommu = core->fw.iommu_domain;
> +
> + unmapped = iommu_unmap(iommu, VENUS_FW_START_ADDR, VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE);
> + if (unmapped != VENUS_FW_MEM_SIZE)
> + dev_err(dev, "failed to unmap firmware\n");
> +
> + iommu_detach_device(iommu, dev);
> + iommu_domain_free(iommu);
> +

the function doesn't return error why don't make it to return void? Up
to you.

> + return 0;
> +}

--
regards,
Stan

2018-08-21 17:30:48

by Vikash Garodia

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 2/4] venus: firmware: move load firmware in a separate function

Hi Stanimir,

On 2018-08-21 17:38, Stanimir Varbanov wrote:
> Hi Vikash,
>
> On 08/06/2018 04:28 PM, Vikash Garodia wrote:

<snip>

>> -int venus_boot(struct device *dev, const char *fwname)
>> +static int venus_load_fw(struct venus_core *core, const char *fwname,
>> + phys_addr_t *mem_phys, size_t *mem_size)
>
> fix indentation
Please let me know which indentation rule is missed out here. As per
last
discussion, the parameters on next line should start from open
parenthesis.
I see the same being followed above.
Also i have been running checkpatch script and it does not show up any
issue.
Any other script which can be executed to ensure the coding guidelines ?

<snip>

>>
>> - ret = qcom_mdt_load(dev, mdt, fwname, VENUS_PAS_ID, mem_va,
>> mem_phys,
>> - mem_size, NULL);
>> + if (core->no_tz)
>> + ret = qcom_mdt_load_no_init(dev, mdt, fwname, VENUS_PAS_ID,
>> + mem_va, *mem_phys, *mem_size, NULL);
>> + else
>> + ret = qcom_mdt_load(dev, mdt, fwname, VENUS_PAS_ID,
>> + mem_va, *mem_phys, *mem_size, NULL);
>
> Please fix the indentation issues above.
Please specify here as well.

>>
>> release_firmware(mdt);
>>
>> - if (ret)
>> - goto err_unmap;
>> -
>> - ret = qcom_scm_pas_auth_and_reset(VENUS_PAS_ID);
>> - if (ret)
>> - goto err_unmap;
>> -
>> err_unmap:
>> memunmap(mem_va);
>> return ret;
>> }
>>
>> +int venus_boot(struct venus_core *core)
>> +{
>> + phys_addr_t mem_phys;
>> + struct device *dev = core->dev;
>
> move this one row upper.
>
>> + size_t mem_size;
>> + int ret;
>> +
>> + if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_QCOM_MDT_LOADER) ||
>> + (!core->no_tz && !qcom_scm_is_available()))
>> + return -EPROBE_DEFER;
>
> fix indentation
Please specify here as well.

Thanks,
Vikash

2018-08-22 13:58:48

by Stanimir Varbanov

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v4 2/4] venus: firmware: move load firmware in a separate function

Hi Vikash,

On 08/21/2018 08:29 PM, Vikash Garodia wrote:
> Hi Stanimir,
>
> On 2018-08-21 17:38, Stanimir Varbanov wrote:
>> Hi Vikash,
>>
>> On 08/06/2018 04:28 PM, Vikash Garodia wrote:
>
> <snip>
>
>>> -int venus_boot(struct device *dev, const char *fwname)
>>> +static int venus_load_fw(struct venus_core *core, const char *fwname,
>>> +            phys_addr_t *mem_phys, size_t *mem_size)
>>
>> fix indentation
> Please let me know which indentation rule is missed out here. As per last
> discussion, the parameters on next line should start from open parenthesis.
> I see the same being followed above.
> Also i have been running checkpatch script and it does not show up any
> issue.

run checkpatch with --strict option please.

> Any other script which can be executed to ensure the coding guidelines ?
>
> <snip>
>


--
regards,
Stan