Currently the generic SDHCI code in the Linux kernel supports the SD
standard DMA integrated into the host controller but does not have any
support for external DMA controllers implemented using dmaengine meaning
that custom code is needed for any systems that use a generic DMA
controller with SDHCI which in practice means any SDHCI controller that
doesn't have an integrated DMA controller so we should have this as a
generic feature.
There are already a number of controller specific drivers that have dmaengine
code, and some could use sdhci.c actually, but needed to implement mmc_ops->request()
in their specific driver for sending command with external dma using dmaengine
framework, with this patchset, them will take advantage of the generic support.
TI's omap controller is the case as an example.
Any comments are very appreciated.
Thanks,
Chunyan
Changes from v2 (https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/11/12/1936):
* Remove CONFIG_EXTERNAL_DMA prompt and help graph;
* Add checking for cmd->data;
* Select MMC_SDHCI_EXTERNAL_DMA for MMC_SDHCI_OMAP;
* Add checking if there's 'dmas' in device tree before decide using external dma.
Changes from v1 (https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/11/5/110):
(The code on patch 1/3 only was revised)
* Address comments from Arnd:
- Release channel when failed to request it unconditionally;
- Skip warning message if get EPROBE_DEFER;
* Address Andrian's comments:
- Replace extdma with external_dma;
- Add release dma resources in sdhci_cleanup_host() and sdhci_remove_host();
- Release dma resources once dmaengine_submit() failed.
- Put rx/tx_chan in struct sdhci_host, and removed unused structure.
* Fall back to the DMA/PIO which standard SDHCI supports, if sdhci_external_dma_setup()
or sdhci_external_dma_init failed;
Chunyan Zhang (3):
mmc: sdhci: add support for using external DMA devices
mmc: sdhci-omap: Add using external dma
dt-bindings: sdhci-omap: Add example for using external dma
.../devicetree/bindings/mmc/sdhci-omap.txt | 7 +
drivers/mmc/host/Kconfig | 4 +
drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-omap.c | 10 ++
drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.c | 185 ++++++++++++++++++++-
drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h | 8 +
5 files changed, 213 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
--
2.7.4
Some standard SD host controllers can support both external dma
controllers as well as ADMA/SDMA in which the SD host controller
acts as DMA master. TI's omap controller is the case as an example.
Currently the generic SDHCI code supports ADMA/SDMA integrated in
the host controller but does not have any support for external DMA
controllers implemented using dmaengine, meaning that custom code is
needed for any systems that use an external DMA controller with SDHCI.
Signed-off-by: Chunyan Zhang <[email protected]>
---
drivers/mmc/host/Kconfig | 3 +
drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.c | 185 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h | 8 ++
3 files changed, 195 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
diff --git a/drivers/mmc/host/Kconfig b/drivers/mmc/host/Kconfig
index 1b58739..3101da6 100644
--- a/drivers/mmc/host/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/mmc/host/Kconfig
@@ -977,3 +977,6 @@ config MMC_SDHCI_OMAP
If you have a controller with this interface, say Y or M here.
If unsure, say N.
+
+config MMC_SDHCI_EXTERNAL_DMA
+ bool
diff --git a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.c b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.c
index 99bdae5..04b029c 100644
--- a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.c
+++ b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.c
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
*/
#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/dmaengine.h>
#include <linux/ktime.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
@@ -1309,6 +1310,162 @@ static void sdhci_del_timer(struct sdhci_host *host, struct mmc_request *mrq)
del_timer(&host->timer);
}
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MMC_SDHCI_EXTERNAL_DMA)
+static int sdhci_external_dma_init(struct sdhci_host *host)
+{
+ int ret = 0;
+ struct mmc_host *mmc = host->mmc;
+
+ host->tx_chan = dma_request_chan(mmc->parent, "tx");
+ if (IS_ERR(host->tx_chan)) {
+ ret = PTR_ERR(host->tx_chan);
+ if (ret != -EPROBE_DEFER)
+ pr_warn("Failed to request TX DMA channel.\n");
+ host->tx_chan = NULL;
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ host->rx_chan = dma_request_chan(mmc->parent, "rx");
+ if (IS_ERR(host->rx_chan)) {
+ if (host->tx_chan) {
+ dma_release_channel(host->tx_chan);
+ host->tx_chan = NULL;
+ }
+
+ ret = PTR_ERR(host->rx_chan);
+ if (ret != -EPROBE_DEFER)
+ pr_warn("Failed to request RX DMA channel.\n");
+ host->rx_chan = NULL;
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static inline struct dma_chan *
+sdhci_external_dma_channel(struct sdhci_host *host, struct mmc_data *data)
+{
+ return data->flags & MMC_DATA_WRITE ? host->tx_chan : host->rx_chan;
+}
+
+static int sdhci_external_dma_setup(struct sdhci_host *host,
+ struct mmc_command *cmd)
+{
+ int ret, i;
+ struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *desc;
+ struct mmc_data *data = cmd->data;
+ struct dma_chan *chan;
+ struct dma_slave_config cfg;
+ dma_cookie_t cookie;
+
+ if (!data)
+ return 0;
+
+ if (!host->mapbase)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ cfg.src_addr = host->mapbase + SDHCI_BUFFER;
+ cfg.dst_addr = host->mapbase + SDHCI_BUFFER;
+ cfg.src_addr_width = DMA_SLAVE_BUSWIDTH_4_BYTES;
+ cfg.dst_addr_width = DMA_SLAVE_BUSWIDTH_4_BYTES;
+ cfg.src_maxburst = data->blksz / 4;
+ cfg.dst_maxburst = data->blksz / 4;
+
+ /* Sanity check: all the SG entries must be aligned by block size. */
+ for (i = 0; i < data->sg_len; i++) {
+ if ((data->sg + i)->length % data->blksz)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ chan = sdhci_external_dma_channel(host, data);
+
+ ret = dmaengine_slave_config(chan, &cfg);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ desc = dmaengine_prep_slave_sg(chan, data->sg, data->sg_len,
+ mmc_get_dma_dir(data),
+ DMA_PREP_INTERRUPT | DMA_CTRL_ACK);
+ if (!desc)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ desc->callback = NULL;
+ desc->callback_param = NULL;
+
+ cookie = dmaengine_submit(desc);
+ if (cookie < 0)
+ ret = cookie;
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static void sdhci_external_dma_release(struct sdhci_host *host)
+{
+ if (host->tx_chan) {
+ dma_release_channel(host->tx_chan);
+ host->tx_chan = NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (host->rx_chan) {
+ dma_release_channel(host->rx_chan);
+ host->rx_chan = NULL;
+ }
+
+ sdhci_switch_external_dma(host, false);
+}
+
+static void sdhci_external_dma_prepare_data(struct sdhci_host *host,
+ struct mmc_command *cmd)
+{
+ if (sdhci_external_dma_setup(host, cmd)) {
+ sdhci_external_dma_release(host);
+ pr_err("%s: Failed to setup external DMA, switch to the DMA/PIO which standard SDHCI provides.\n",
+ mmc_hostname(host->mmc));
+ } else {
+ /* Prepare for using external dma */
+ host->flags |= SDHCI_REQ_USE_DMA;
+ }
+
+ sdhci_prepare_data(host, cmd);
+}
+
+static void sdhci_external_dma_pre_transfer(struct sdhci_host *host,
+ struct mmc_command *cmd)
+{
+ struct dma_chan *chan;
+
+ if (cmd->data) {
+ sdhci_set_timeout(host, cmd);
+ chan = sdhci_external_dma_channel(host, cmd->data);
+ dma_async_issue_pending(chan);
+ }
+}
+#else
+static int sdhci_external_dma_init(struct sdhci_host *host)
+{
+ return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+}
+
+static void sdhci_external_dma_release(struct sdhci_host *host)
+{}
+
+static void sdhci_external_dma_prepare_data(struct sdhci_host *host,
+ struct mmc_command *cmd)
+{
+ /* If MMC_SDHCI_EXTERNAL_DMA not supported, PIO will be used */
+ sdhci_prepare_data(host, cmd);
+}
+
+static void sdhci_external_dma_pre_transfer(struct sdhci_host *host,
+ struct mmc_command *cmd)
+{}
+#endif
+
+void sdhci_switch_external_dma(struct sdhci_host *host, bool en)
+{
+ host->use_external_dma = en;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sdhci_switch_external_dma);
+
void sdhci_send_command(struct sdhci_host *host, struct mmc_command *cmd)
{
int flags;
@@ -1355,7 +1512,10 @@ void sdhci_send_command(struct sdhci_host *host, struct mmc_command *cmd)
host->data_cmd = cmd;
}
- sdhci_prepare_data(host, cmd);
+ if (host->use_external_dma)
+ sdhci_external_dma_prepare_data(host, cmd);
+ else
+ sdhci_prepare_data(host, cmd);
sdhci_writel(host, cmd->arg, SDHCI_ARGUMENT);
@@ -1397,6 +1557,9 @@ void sdhci_send_command(struct sdhci_host *host, struct mmc_command *cmd)
timeout += 10 * HZ;
sdhci_mod_timer(host, cmd->mrq, timeout);
+ if (host->use_external_dma)
+ sdhci_external_dma_pre_transfer(host, cmd);
+
sdhci_writew(host, SDHCI_MAKE_CMD(cmd->opcode, flags), SDHCI_COMMAND);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sdhci_send_command);
@@ -4133,6 +4296,19 @@ int sdhci_setup_host(struct sdhci_host *host)
return ret;
}
+ if (host->use_external_dma) {
+ ret = sdhci_external_dma_init(host);
+ if (ret == -EPROBE_DEFER)
+ goto unreg;
+
+ /*
+ * Fall back to use the DMA/PIO integrated in standard SDHCI
+ * instead of external DMA devices.
+ */
+ if (ret)
+ sdhci_switch_external_dma(host, false);
+ }
+
return 0;
unreg:
@@ -4161,6 +4337,10 @@ void sdhci_cleanup_host(struct sdhci_host *host)
dma_free_coherent(mmc_dev(mmc), host->align_buffer_sz +
host->adma_table_sz, host->align_buffer,
host->align_addr);
+
+ if (host->use_external_dma)
+ sdhci_external_dma_release(host);
+
host->adma_table = NULL;
host->align_buffer = NULL;
}
@@ -4295,6 +4475,9 @@ void sdhci_remove_host(struct sdhci_host *host, int dead)
host->adma_table_sz, host->align_buffer,
host->align_addr);
+ if (host->use_external_dma)
+ sdhci_external_dma_release(host);
+
host->adma_table = NULL;
host->align_buffer = NULL;
}
diff --git a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h
index b001cf4..8e50a97 100644
--- a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h
+++ b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h
@@ -475,6 +475,7 @@ struct sdhci_host {
int irq; /* Device IRQ */
void __iomem *ioaddr; /* Mapped address */
+ phys_addr_t mapbase; /* physical address base */
char *bounce_buffer; /* For packing SDMA reads/writes */
dma_addr_t bounce_addr;
unsigned int bounce_buffer_size;
@@ -524,6 +525,7 @@ struct sdhci_host {
bool pending_reset; /* Cmd/data reset is pending */
bool irq_wake_enabled; /* IRQ wakeup is enabled */
bool v4_mode; /* Host Version 4 Enable */
+ bool use_external_dma;
struct mmc_request *mrqs_done[SDHCI_MAX_MRQS]; /* Requests done */
struct mmc_command *cmd; /* Current command */
@@ -552,6 +554,11 @@ struct sdhci_host {
struct timer_list timer; /* Timer for timeouts */
struct timer_list data_timer; /* Timer for data timeouts */
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MMC_SDHCI_EXTERNAL_DMA)
+ struct dma_chan *rx_chan;
+ struct dma_chan *tx_chan;
+#endif
+
u32 caps; /* CAPABILITY_0 */
u32 caps1; /* CAPABILITY_1 */
bool read_caps; /* Capability flags have been read */
@@ -785,5 +792,6 @@ void sdhci_start_tuning(struct sdhci_host *host);
void sdhci_end_tuning(struct sdhci_host *host);
void sdhci_reset_tuning(struct sdhci_host *host);
void sdhci_send_tuning(struct sdhci_host *host, u32 opcode);
+void sdhci_switch_external_dma(struct sdhci_host *host, bool en);
#endif /* __SDHCI_HW_H */
--
2.7.4
sdhci-omap can support both external dma controller via dmaengine framework
as well as ADMA which standard SD host controller provides.
Signed-off-by: Chunyan Zhang <[email protected]>
---
drivers/mmc/host/Kconfig | 1 +
drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-omap.c | 10 ++++++++++
2 files changed, 11 insertions(+)
diff --git a/drivers/mmc/host/Kconfig b/drivers/mmc/host/Kconfig
index 3101da6..7846754 100644
--- a/drivers/mmc/host/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/mmc/host/Kconfig
@@ -969,6 +969,7 @@ config MMC_SDHCI_XENON
config MMC_SDHCI_OMAP
tristate "TI SDHCI Controller Support"
depends on MMC_SDHCI_PLTFM && OF
+ select MMC_SDHCI_EXTERNAL_DMA if DMA_ENGINE
help
This selects the Secure Digital Host Controller Interface (SDHCI)
support present in TI's DRA7 SOCs. The controller supports
diff --git a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-omap.c b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-omap.c
index 88347ce..b164fcc 100644
--- a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-omap.c
+++ b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-omap.c
@@ -896,6 +896,7 @@ static int sdhci_omap_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
const struct of_device_id *match;
struct sdhci_omap_data *data;
const struct soc_device_attribute *soc;
+ struct resource *regs;
match = of_match_device(omap_sdhci_match, dev);
if (!match)
@@ -908,6 +909,10 @@ static int sdhci_omap_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
}
offset = data->offset;
+ regs = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
+ if (!regs)
+ return -ENXIO;
+
host = sdhci_pltfm_init(pdev, &sdhci_omap_pdata,
sizeof(*omap_host));
if (IS_ERR(host)) {
@@ -924,6 +929,7 @@ static int sdhci_omap_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
omap_host->timing = MMC_TIMING_LEGACY;
omap_host->flags = data->flags;
host->ioaddr += offset;
+ host->mapbase = regs->start;
mmc = host->mmc;
sdhci_get_of_property(pdev);
@@ -991,6 +997,10 @@ static int sdhci_omap_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
host->mmc_host_ops.execute_tuning = sdhci_omap_execute_tuning;
host->mmc_host_ops.enable_sdio_irq = sdhci_omap_enable_sdio_irq;
+ /* Switch to external DMA only if there is the "dmas" property */
+ if (of_find_property(dev->of_node, "dmas", NULL))
+ sdhci_switch_external_dma(host, true);
+
ret = sdhci_setup_host(host);
if (ret)
goto err_put_sync;
--
2.7.4
sdhci-omap can support both external dma controller via dmaengine
framework as well as ADMA which standard SD host controller
provides.
Signed-off-by: Chunyan Zhang <[email protected]>
---
Documentation/devicetree/bindings/mmc/sdhci-omap.txt | 7 +++++++
1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)
diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/mmc/sdhci-omap.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/mmc/sdhci-omap.txt
index 393848c..c73fd47 100644
--- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/mmc/sdhci-omap.txt
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/mmc/sdhci-omap.txt
@@ -12,6 +12,11 @@ Required properties:
"ddr_1_8v-rev11", "ddr_1_8v" or "ddr_3_3v", "hs200_1_8v-rev11",
"hs200_1_8v",
- pinctrl-<n> : Pinctrl states as described in bindings/pinctrl/pinctrl-bindings.txt
+- dmas: List of DMA specifiers with the controller specific format as described
+ in the generic DMA client binding. A tx and rx specifier is required.
+- dma-names: List of DMA request names. These strings correspond 1:1 with the
+ DMA specifiers listed in dmas. The string naming is to be "rx"
+ and "tx" for RX and TX DMA requests, respectively.
Example:
mmc1: mmc@4809c000 {
@@ -20,4 +25,6 @@ Example:
ti,hwmods = "mmc1";
bus-width = <4>;
vmmc-supply = <&vmmc>; /* phandle to regulator node */
+ dmas = <&sdma 61 &sdma 62>;
+ dma-names = "tx", "rx";
};
--
2.7.4
Hi Chunyan,
On 04/12/18 12:54 PM, Chunyan Zhang wrote:
> Currently the generic SDHCI code in the Linux kernel supports the SD
> standard DMA integrated into the host controller but does not have any
> support for external DMA controllers implemented using dmaengine meaning
> that custom code is needed for any systems that use a generic DMA
> controller with SDHCI which in practice means any SDHCI controller that
> doesn't have an integrated DMA controller so we should have this as a
> generic feature.
>
> There are already a number of controller specific drivers that have dmaengine
> code, and some could use sdhci.c actually, but needed to implement mmc_ops->request()
> in their specific driver for sending command with external dma using dmaengine
> framework, with this patchset, them will take advantage of the generic support.
> TI's omap controller is the case as an example.
>
> Any comments are very appreciated.
>
Following your comments, I added dmas in dra7.dtsi as shown in the patch
below.
https://pastebin.ubuntu.com/p/J4F3xWZv5c/
This time the MMC devices enumerate successfully but I see a bunch of
[ 108.135736] omap-dma-engine 4a056000.dma-controller: t2_desc[10]
allocation failed
messages when I try to run a short ltp test.
https://pastebin.ubuntu.com/p/WvRSkxBPpv/
Thanks,
Faiz
Hi,
On 04/12/18 12:54 PM, Chunyan Zhang wrote:
> Some standard SD host controllers can support both external dma
> controllers as well as ADMA/SDMA in which the SD host controller
> acts as DMA master. TI's omap controller is the case as an example.
>
> Currently the generic SDHCI code supports ADMA/SDMA integrated in
> the host controller but does not have any support for external DMA
> controllers implemented using dmaengine, meaning that custom code is
> needed for any systems that use an external DMA controller with SDHCI.
>
...
> diff --git a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h
> index b001cf4..8e50a97 100644
> --- a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h
> +++ b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h
> @@ -475,6 +475,7 @@ struct sdhci_host {
>
> int irq; /* Device IRQ */
> void __iomem *ioaddr; /* Mapped address */
> + phys_addr_t mapbase; /* physical address base */
> char *bounce_buffer; /* For packing SDMA reads/writes */
> dma_addr_t bounce_addr;
> unsigned int bounce_buffer_size;
> @@ -524,6 +525,7 @@ struct sdhci_host {
> bool pending_reset; /* Cmd/data reset is pending */
> bool irq_wake_enabled; /* IRQ wakeup is enabled */
> bool v4_mode; /* Host Version 4 Enable */
> + bool use_external_dma;
>
> struct mmc_request *mrqs_done[SDHCI_MAX_MRQS]; /* Requests done */
> struct mmc_command *cmd; /* Current command */
> @@ -552,6 +554,11 @@ struct sdhci_host {
> struct timer_list timer; /* Timer for timeouts */
> struct timer_list data_timer; /* Timer for data timeouts */
>
> +#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MMC_SDHCI_EXTERNAL_DMA)
> + struct dma_chan *rx_chan;
> + struct dma_chan *tx_chan;
> +#endif
> +
> u32 caps; /* CAPABILITY_0 */
> u32 caps1; /* CAPABILITY_1 */
> bool read_caps; /* Capability flags have been read */
> @@ -785,5 +792,6 @@ void sdhci_start_tuning(struct sdhci_host *host);
> void sdhci_end_tuning(struct sdhci_host *host);
> void sdhci_reset_tuning(struct sdhci_host *host);
> void sdhci_send_tuning(struct sdhci_host *host, u32 opcode);
> +void sdhci_switch_external_dma(struct sdhci_host *host, bool en);
>
Can you also add a new attribute in sdhci_host->flags for external dma
in this file? The log still shows
[ 3.675028] mmc2: SDHCI controller on 4809c000.mmc [4809c000.mmc]
using ADMA
when using external dma.
Thanks,
Faiz
On Tue, 4 Dec 2018 at 18:38, Faiz Abbas <[email protected]> wrote:
>
> Hi,
>
> On 04/12/18 12:54 PM, Chunyan Zhang wrote:
> > Some standard SD host controllers can support both external dma
> > controllers as well as ADMA/SDMA in which the SD host controller
> > acts as DMA master. TI's omap controller is the case as an example.
> >
> > Currently the generic SDHCI code supports ADMA/SDMA integrated in
> > the host controller but does not have any support for external DMA
> > controllers implemented using dmaengine, meaning that custom code is
> > needed for any systems that use an external DMA controller with SDHCI.
> >
> ...
>
> > diff --git a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h
> > index b001cf4..8e50a97 100644
> > --- a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h
> > +++ b/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci.h
> > @@ -475,6 +475,7 @@ struct sdhci_host {
> >
> > int irq; /* Device IRQ */
> > void __iomem *ioaddr; /* Mapped address */
> > + phys_addr_t mapbase; /* physical address base */
> > char *bounce_buffer; /* For packing SDMA reads/writes */
> > dma_addr_t bounce_addr;
> > unsigned int bounce_buffer_size;
> > @@ -524,6 +525,7 @@ struct sdhci_host {
> > bool pending_reset; /* Cmd/data reset is pending */
> > bool irq_wake_enabled; /* IRQ wakeup is enabled */
> > bool v4_mode; /* Host Version 4 Enable */
> > + bool use_external_dma;
> >
> > struct mmc_request *mrqs_done[SDHCI_MAX_MRQS]; /* Requests done */
> > struct mmc_command *cmd; /* Current command */
> > @@ -552,6 +554,11 @@ struct sdhci_host {
> > struct timer_list timer; /* Timer for timeouts */
> > struct timer_list data_timer; /* Timer for data timeouts */
> >
> > +#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MMC_SDHCI_EXTERNAL_DMA)
> > + struct dma_chan *rx_chan;
> > + struct dma_chan *tx_chan;
> > +#endif
> > +
> > u32 caps; /* CAPABILITY_0 */
> > u32 caps1; /* CAPABILITY_1 */
> > bool read_caps; /* Capability flags have been read */
> > @@ -785,5 +792,6 @@ void sdhci_start_tuning(struct sdhci_host *host);
> > void sdhci_end_tuning(struct sdhci_host *host);
> > void sdhci_reset_tuning(struct sdhci_host *host);
> > void sdhci_send_tuning(struct sdhci_host *host, u32 opcode);
> > +void sdhci_switch_external_dma(struct sdhci_host *host, bool en);
> >
>
> Can you also add a new attribute in sdhci_host->flags for external dma
> in this file? The log still shows
>
> [ 3.675028] mmc2: SDHCI controller on 4809c000.mmc [4809c000.mmc]
> using ADMA
Ok, will try to add.
Thanks for your test and review.
Chunyan
>
> when using external dma.
>
> Thanks,
> Faiz