The following patches resulted in deferring crash kernel reservation to
mem_init(), mainly aimed at platforms with DMA memory zones (no IOMMU),
in particular Raspberry Pi 4.
commit 1a8e1cef7603 ("arm64: use both ZONE_DMA and ZONE_DMA32")
commit 8424ecdde7df ("arm64: mm: Set ZONE_DMA size based on devicetree's dma-ranges")
commit 0a30c53573b0 ("arm64: mm: Move reserve_crashkernel() into mem_init()")
commit 2687275a5843 ("arm64: Force NO_BLOCK_MAPPINGS if crashkernel reservation is required")
Above changes introduced boot slowdown due to linear map creation for
all the memory banks with NO_BLOCK_MAPPINGS, see discussion[1]. The proposed
changes restore crash kernel reservation to earlier behavior thus avoids
slow boot, particularly for platforms with IOMMU (no DMA memory zones).
Tested changes to confirm no ~150ms boot slowdown on our SoC with IOMMU
and 8GB memory. Also tested with ZONE_DMA and/or ZONE_DMA32 configs to confirm
no regression to deferring scheme of crash kernel memory reservation.
In both cases successfully collected kernel crash dump.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]/
Signed-off-by: Vijay Balakrishna <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
---
Changes from v1 -> v2
---------------------
- replaced '!crashk_res.end' with IS_ENABLED(ZONE_DMA/DMA32) (Nicolas's comment)
- minor change to make it uniform -- replaced #if defined(..) -> #if IS_ENABLED(..)
- added new comment in arch/arm64/mm/init.c to ease future maintenance (Nicolas's comment)
- test performed comment moved to commit message
[v1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]/
---
arch/arm64/mm/init.c | 36 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c | 29 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
2 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/init.c b/arch/arm64/mm/init.c
index db63cc885771..51869f9dfc33 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/mm/init.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/mm/init.c
@@ -61,8 +61,34 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(memstart_addr);
* unless restricted on specific platforms (e.g. 30-bit on Raspberry Pi 4).
* In such case, ZONE_DMA32 covers the rest of the 32-bit addressable memory,
* otherwise it is empty.
+ *
+ * Memory reservation for crash kernel either done early or deferred
+ * depending on DMA memory zones configs (ZONE_DMA) --
+ *
+ * In absence of ZONE_DMA configs arm64_dma_phys_limit initialized
+ * here instead of max_zone_phys(). This lets early reservation of
+ * crash kernel memory which has a dependency on arm64_dma_phys_limit.
+ * Reserving memory early for crash kernel allows linear creation of block
+ * mappings (greater than page-granularity) for all the memory bank rangs.
+ * In this scheme a comparatively quicker boot is observed.
+ *
+ * If ZONE_DMA configs are defined, crash kernel memory reservation
+ * is delayed until DMA zone memory range size initilazation performed in
+ * zone_sizes_init(). The defer is necessary to steer clear of DMA zone
+ * memory range to avoid overlap allocation. So crash kernel memory boundaries
+ * are not known when mapping all bank memory ranges, which otherwise means
+ * not possible to exclude crash kernel range from creating block mappings
+ * so page-granularity mappings are created for the entire memory range.
+ * Hence a slightly slower boot is observed.
+ *
+ * Note: Page-granularity mapppings are necessary for crash kernel memory
+ * range for shrinking its size via /sys/kernel/kexec_crash_size interface.
*/
-phys_addr_t arm64_dma_phys_limit __ro_after_init;
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32)
+phys_addr_t __ro_after_init arm64_dma_phys_limit;
+#else
+phys_addr_t __ro_after_init arm64_dma_phys_limit = PHYS_MASK + 1;
+#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE
/*
@@ -153,8 +179,6 @@ static void __init zone_sizes_init(unsigned long min, unsigned long max)
if (!arm64_dma_phys_limit)
arm64_dma_phys_limit = dma32_phys_limit;
#endif
- if (!arm64_dma_phys_limit)
- arm64_dma_phys_limit = PHYS_MASK + 1;
max_zone_pfns[ZONE_NORMAL] = max;
free_area_init(max_zone_pfns);
@@ -315,6 +339,10 @@ void __init arm64_memblock_init(void)
early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
+#if !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) && !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32)
+ reserve_crashkernel();
+#endif
+
high_memory = __va(memblock_end_of_DRAM() - 1) + 1;
}
@@ -357,11 +385,13 @@ void __init bootmem_init(void)
*/
dma_contiguous_reserve(arm64_dma_phys_limit);
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32)
/*
* request_standard_resources() depends on crashkernel's memory being
* reserved, so do it here.
*/
reserve_crashkernel();
+#endif
memblock_dump_all();
}
diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c b/arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c
index acfae9b41cc8..884b2c6d6cd9 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ static void __init map_mem(pgd_t *pgdp)
*/
BUILD_BUG_ON(pgd_index(direct_map_end - 1) == pgd_index(direct_map_end));
- if (can_set_direct_map() || crash_mem_map || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KFENCE))
+ if (can_set_direct_map() || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KFENCE))
flags |= NO_BLOCK_MAPPINGS | NO_CONT_MAPPINGS;
/*
@@ -528,6 +528,18 @@ static void __init map_mem(pgd_t *pgdp)
*/
memblock_mark_nomap(kernel_start, kernel_end - kernel_start);
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE)
+
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32)
+ if (crash_mem_map)
+ flags |= NO_BLOCK_MAPPINGS | NO_CONT_MAPPINGS;
+#else
+ if (crashk_res.end)
+ memblock_mark_nomap(crashk_res.start,
+ resource_size(&crashk_res));
+#endif
+
+#endif
/* map all the memory banks */
for_each_mem_range(i, &start, &end) {
if (start >= end)
@@ -554,6 +566,21 @@ static void __init map_mem(pgd_t *pgdp)
__map_memblock(pgdp, kernel_start, kernel_end,
PAGE_KERNEL, NO_CONT_MAPPINGS);
memblock_clear_nomap(kernel_start, kernel_end - kernel_start);
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE) && \
+ !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) && !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32)
+ /*
+ * Use page-level mappings here so that we can shrink the region
+ * in page granularity and put back unused memory to buddy system
+ * through /sys/kernel/kexec_crash_size interface.
+ */
+ if (crashk_res.end) {
+ __map_memblock(pgdp, crashk_res.start, crashk_res.end + 1,
+ PAGE_KERNEL,
+ NO_BLOCK_MAPPINGS | NO_CONT_MAPPINGS);
+ memblock_clear_nomap(crashk_res.start,
+ resource_size(&crashk_res));
+ }
+#endif
}
void mark_rodata_ro(void)
--
2.35.1
On Wed, Feb 23, 2022 at 11:57:33AM -0800, Vijay Balakrishna wrote:
> The following patches resulted in deferring crash kernel reservation to
> mem_init(), mainly aimed at platforms with DMA memory zones (no IOMMU),
> in particular Raspberry Pi 4.
>
> commit 1a8e1cef7603 ("arm64: use both ZONE_DMA and ZONE_DMA32")
> commit 8424ecdde7df ("arm64: mm: Set ZONE_DMA size based on devicetree's dma-ranges")
> commit 0a30c53573b0 ("arm64: mm: Move reserve_crashkernel() into mem_init()")
> commit 2687275a5843 ("arm64: Force NO_BLOCK_MAPPINGS if crashkernel reservation is required")
>
> Above changes introduced boot slowdown due to linear map creation for
> all the memory banks with NO_BLOCK_MAPPINGS, see discussion[1]. The proposed
> changes restore crash kernel reservation to earlier behavior thus avoids
> slow boot, particularly for platforms with IOMMU (no DMA memory zones).
>
> Tested changes to confirm no ~150ms boot slowdown on our SoC with IOMMU
> and 8GB memory. Also tested with ZONE_DMA and/or ZONE_DMA32 configs to confirm
> no regression to deferring scheme of crash kernel memory reservation.
> In both cases successfully collected kernel crash dump.
>
> [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]/
>
> Signed-off-by: Vijay Balakrishna <[email protected]>
> Cc: [email protected]
> ---
> Changes from v1 -> v2
> ---------------------
> - replaced '!crashk_res.end' with IS_ENABLED(ZONE_DMA/DMA32) (Nicolas's comment)
> - minor change to make it uniform -- replaced #if defined(..) -> #if IS_ENABLED(..)
> - added new comment in arch/arm64/mm/init.c to ease future maintenance (Nicolas's comment)
> - test performed comment moved to commit message
>
> [v1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]/
> ---
> arch/arm64/mm/init.c | 36 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
> arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c | 29 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
> 2 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/init.c b/arch/arm64/mm/init.c
> index db63cc885771..51869f9dfc33 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/mm/init.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/mm/init.c
> @@ -61,8 +61,34 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(memstart_addr);
> * unless restricted on specific platforms (e.g. 30-bit on Raspberry Pi 4).
> * In such case, ZONE_DMA32 covers the rest of the 32-bit addressable memory,
> * otherwise it is empty.
> + *
> + * Memory reservation for crash kernel either done early or deferred
> + * depending on DMA memory zones configs (ZONE_DMA) --
> + *
> + * In absence of ZONE_DMA configs arm64_dma_phys_limit initialized
> + * here instead of max_zone_phys(). This lets early reservation of
> + * crash kernel memory which has a dependency on arm64_dma_phys_limit.
> + * Reserving memory early for crash kernel allows linear creation of block
> + * mappings (greater than page-granularity) for all the memory bank rangs.
> + * In this scheme a comparatively quicker boot is observed.
> + *
> + * If ZONE_DMA configs are defined, crash kernel memory reservation
> + * is delayed until DMA zone memory range size initilazation performed in
> + * zone_sizes_init(). The defer is necessary to steer clear of DMA zone
> + * memory range to avoid overlap allocation. So crash kernel memory boundaries
> + * are not known when mapping all bank memory ranges, which otherwise means
> + * not possible to exclude crash kernel range from creating block mappings
> + * so page-granularity mappings are created for the entire memory range.
> + * Hence a slightly slower boot is observed.
> + *
> + * Note: Page-granularity mapppings are necessary for crash kernel memory
> + * range for shrinking its size via /sys/kernel/kexec_crash_size interface.
> */
> -phys_addr_t arm64_dma_phys_limit __ro_after_init;
> +#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32)
> +phys_addr_t __ro_after_init arm64_dma_phys_limit;
> +#else
> +phys_addr_t __ro_after_init arm64_dma_phys_limit = PHYS_MASK + 1;
> +#endif
>
> #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE
> /*
> @@ -153,8 +179,6 @@ static void __init zone_sizes_init(unsigned long min, unsigned long max)
> if (!arm64_dma_phys_limit)
> arm64_dma_phys_limit = dma32_phys_limit;
> #endif
> - if (!arm64_dma_phys_limit)
> - arm64_dma_phys_limit = PHYS_MASK + 1;
> max_zone_pfns[ZONE_NORMAL] = max;
>
> free_area_init(max_zone_pfns);
> @@ -315,6 +339,10 @@ void __init arm64_memblock_init(void)
>
> early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
>
> +#if !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) && !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32)
> + reserve_crashkernel();
> +#endif
Nit: with IS_ENABLED() this does not need to be an #ifdef, but rather
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) && !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32))
reserve_crashkernel();
The same applies to the cases below.
> +
> high_memory = __va(memblock_end_of_DRAM() - 1) + 1;
> }
>
> @@ -357,11 +385,13 @@ void __init bootmem_init(void)
> */
> dma_contiguous_reserve(arm64_dma_phys_limit);
>
> +#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32)
> /*
> * request_standard_resources() depends on crashkernel's memory being
> * reserved, so do it here.
> */
> reserve_crashkernel();
> +#endif
>
> memblock_dump_all();
> }
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c b/arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c
> index acfae9b41cc8..884b2c6d6cd9 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c
> @@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ static void __init map_mem(pgd_t *pgdp)
> */
> BUILD_BUG_ON(pgd_index(direct_map_end - 1) == pgd_index(direct_map_end));
>
> - if (can_set_direct_map() || crash_mem_map || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KFENCE))
> + if (can_set_direct_map() || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KFENCE))
> flags |= NO_BLOCK_MAPPINGS | NO_CONT_MAPPINGS;
>
> /*
> @@ -528,6 +528,18 @@ static void __init map_mem(pgd_t *pgdp)
> */
> memblock_mark_nomap(kernel_start, kernel_end - kernel_start);
>
> +#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE)
> +
> +#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32)
> + if (crash_mem_map)
> + flags |= NO_BLOCK_MAPPINGS | NO_CONT_MAPPINGS;
> +#else
> + if (crashk_res.end)
> + memblock_mark_nomap(crashk_res.start,
> + resource_size(&crashk_res));
> +#endif
> +
> +#endif
> /* map all the memory banks */
> for_each_mem_range(i, &start, &end) {
> if (start >= end)
> @@ -554,6 +566,21 @@ static void __init map_mem(pgd_t *pgdp)
> __map_memblock(pgdp, kernel_start, kernel_end,
> PAGE_KERNEL, NO_CONT_MAPPINGS);
> memblock_clear_nomap(kernel_start, kernel_end - kernel_start);
> +#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE) && \
> + !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) && !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32)
> + /*
> + * Use page-level mappings here so that we can shrink the region
> + * in page granularity and put back unused memory to buddy system
> + * through /sys/kernel/kexec_crash_size interface.
> + */
> + if (crashk_res.end) {
> + __map_memblock(pgdp, crashk_res.start, crashk_res.end + 1,
> + PAGE_KERNEL,
> + NO_BLOCK_MAPPINGS | NO_CONT_MAPPINGS);
> + memblock_clear_nomap(crashk_res.start,
> + resource_size(&crashk_res));
> + }
> +#endif
> }
>
> void mark_rodata_ro(void)
> --
> 2.35.1
>
--
Sincerely yours,
Mike.