2009-11-21 00:56:10

by Kaz Kylheku

Subject: Easier way to generate stuff like asm-offsets.

Hey all,

You can use declarations and the ``nm'' utility to discover sizes of
types, structure offsets and stuff like that.

There is no need to grep material from the assembly code itself.

I'm looking into this as a technique for to use in ./configure scripts
when a program is being cross-compiled.

Then I remembered that the Linux kernel does something to pull out
structure member offsets
for use in assembly code. How are they doing that, I wondered? I took
a look and saw that it
was done with a complicated hack.

Here is the simple trick:

/* file test.c */

#include <stddef.h> /* for offsetof macro */

struct foo { char padding[43]; int member; };

char offsetof_foo_member[offsetof(struct foo, member)];

Now we compile test.c:

$ /path/to/toolchain/bin/arch-prefix-gcc test.c -c

Then we can use the ``nm'' tool (the toolchain should have binutils in it):

$ /path/to/toolchain/bin/arch-prefix-nm -t d -P foo.c # decimal
output, posix format
offsetof_foo_member C 00000044 00000044

There we go, 44 bytes. Simple. This is almost an #include file;
we just have to do some simple filtering, such as:

$ /path/to/toolchain/bin/arch-prefix-nm -t d -P test.o | awk '{ print
"#define", $1, $4 }'
#define offsetof_foo_member 00000044

:)

Cheers ...

2009-11-21 04:43:37

by Ben Pfaff

Subject: Re: Easier way to generate stuff like asm-offsets.

Kaz Kylheku <[email protected]> writes:

> Then we can use the ``nm'' tool (the toolchain should have binutils in it):
>
> $ /path/to/toolchain/bin/arch-prefix-nm -t d -P foo.c # decimal
> output, posix format
> offsetof_foo_member C 00000044 00000044

If those numbers are in decimal...

> There we go, 44 bytes. Simple. This is almost an #include file;
> we just have to do some simple filtering, such as:
>
> $ /path/to/toolchain/bin/arch-prefix-nm -t d -P test.o | awk '{ print
> "#define", $1, $4 }'
> #define offsetof_foo_member 00000044

...then the #define is wrong because it's interpreted as octal
there.

Cool trick!
--
Ben Pfaff
http://benpfaff.org

2009-11-21 07:14:59

by Michal Jaegermann

Subject: Re: Easier way to generate stuff like asm-offsets.

On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 04:56:14PM -0800, Kaz Kylheku wrote:
>
> Here is the simple trick:
....
>
> Now we compile test.c:
>
> $ /path/to/toolchain/bin/arch-prefix-gcc test.c -c
>
> Then we can use the ``nm'' tool (the toolchain should have binutils in it):
>
> $ /path/to/toolchain/bin/arch-prefix-nm -t d -P foo.c # decimal
> output, posix format
> offsetof_foo_member C 00000044 00000044
>
> There we go, 44 bytes. Simple. This is almost an #include file;
> we just have to do some simple filtering, such as:
>
> $ /path/to/toolchain/bin/arch-prefix-nm -t d -P test.o | awk '{ print "#define", $1, $4 }'
> #define offsetof_foo_member 00000044

If that is a "decimal output" then resulting define has a wrong format.
You do not want octal. Fix that with
... | awk '{print "#define", $1, 0 + $4}'
to force a conversion of a string to a number.

Michal