I decided to split sv48 support in small series to ease the review.
This patchset pushes the kernel mapping (modules and BPF too) to the last
4GB of the 64bit address space, this allows to:
- implement relocatable kernel (that will come later in another
patchset) that requires to move the kernel mapping out of the linear
mapping to avoid to copy the kernel at a different physical address.
- have a single kernel that is not relocatable (and then that avoids the
performance penalty imposed by PIC kernel) for both sv39 and sv48.
The first patch implements this behaviour, the second patch introduces a
documentation that describes the virtual address space layout of the 64bit
kernel and the last patch is taken from my sv48 series where I simply added
the dump of the modules/kernel/BPF mapping.
I removed the Reviewed-by on the first patch since it changed enough from
last time and deserves a second look.
Changes in v4:
- Fix BUILTIN_DTB since we used __va to obtain the virtual address of the
builtin DTB which returns a linear mapping address, and then we use
this address before setup_vm_final installs the linear mapping: this
is not possible anymore since the kernel does not lie inside the
linear mapping anymore.
Changes in v3:
- Fix broken nommu build as reported by kernel test robot by protecting
the kernel mapping only in 64BIT and MMU configs, by reverting the
introduction of load_sz_pmd and by not exporting load_sz/load_pa anymore
since they were not initialized in nommu config.
Changes in v2:
- Fix documentation about direct mapping size which is 124GB instead
of 126GB.
- Fix SPDX missing header in documentation.
- Fix another checkpatch warning about EXPORT_SYMBOL which was not
directly below variable declaration.
Alexandre Ghiti (3):
riscv: Move kernel mapping outside of linear mapping
Documentation: riscv: Add documentation that describes the VM layout
riscv: Prepare ptdump for vm layout dynamic addresses
Alexandre Ghiti (3):
riscv: Move kernel mapping outside of linear mapping
Documentation: riscv: Add documentation that describes the VM layout
riscv: Prepare ptdump for vm layout dynamic addresses
Documentation/riscv/index.rst | 1 +
Documentation/riscv/vm-layout.rst | 63 +++++++++++++++++++++
arch/riscv/boot/loader.lds.S | 3 +-
arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h | 17 +++++-
arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h | 37 ++++++++----
arch/riscv/include/asm/set_memory.h | 1 +
arch/riscv/kernel/head.S | 3 +-
arch/riscv/kernel/module.c | 6 +-
arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c | 5 ++
arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S | 3 +-
arch/riscv/mm/fault.c | 13 +++++
arch/riscv/mm/init.c | 87 ++++++++++++++++++++++-------
arch/riscv/mm/kasan_init.c | 9 +++
arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c | 2 +-
arch/riscv/mm/ptdump.c | 67 ++++++++++++++++++----
15 files changed, 265 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 Documentation/riscv/vm-layout.rst
--
2.20.1
This is a preparatory patch for relocatable kernel and sv48 support.
The kernel used to be linked at PAGE_OFFSET address therefore we could use
the linear mapping for the kernel mapping. But the relocated kernel base
address will be different from PAGE_OFFSET and since in the linear mapping,
two different virtual addresses cannot point to the same physical address,
the kernel mapping needs to lie outside the linear mapping so that we don't
have to copy it at the same physical offset.
The kernel mapping is moved to the last 2GB of the address space, BPF
is now always after the kernel and modules use the 2GB memory range right
before the kernel, so BPF and modules regions do not overlap. KASLR
implementation will simply have to move the kernel in the last 2GB range
and just take care of leaving enough space for BPF.
In addition, by moving the kernel to the end of the address space, both
sv39 and sv48 kernels will be exactly the same without needing to be
relocated at runtime.
Suggested-by: Arnd Bergmann <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <[email protected]>
---
arch/riscv/boot/loader.lds.S | 3 +-
arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h | 17 +++++-
arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h | 37 ++++++++----
arch/riscv/include/asm/set_memory.h | 1 +
arch/riscv/kernel/head.S | 3 +-
arch/riscv/kernel/module.c | 6 +-
arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c | 5 ++
arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S | 3 +-
arch/riscv/mm/fault.c | 13 +++++
arch/riscv/mm/init.c | 87 ++++++++++++++++++++++-------
arch/riscv/mm/kasan_init.c | 9 +++
arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c | 2 +-
12 files changed, 146 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)
diff --git a/arch/riscv/boot/loader.lds.S b/arch/riscv/boot/loader.lds.S
index 47a5003c2e28..62d94696a19c 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/boot/loader.lds.S
+++ b/arch/riscv/boot/loader.lds.S
@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#include <asm/page.h>
+#include <asm/pgtable.h>
OUTPUT_ARCH(riscv)
ENTRY(_start)
SECTIONS
{
- . = PAGE_OFFSET;
+ . = KERNEL_LINK_ADDR;
.payload : {
*(.payload)
diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h
index adc9d26f3d75..22cfb2be60dc 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h
+++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h
@@ -90,15 +90,28 @@ typedef struct page *pgtable_t;
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
extern unsigned long va_pa_offset;
+extern unsigned long va_kernel_pa_offset;
extern unsigned long pfn_base;
#define ARCH_PFN_OFFSET (pfn_base)
#else
#define va_pa_offset 0
+#define va_kernel_pa_offset 0
#define ARCH_PFN_OFFSET (PAGE_OFFSET >> PAGE_SHIFT)
#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
-#define __pa_to_va_nodebug(x) ((void *)((unsigned long) (x) + va_pa_offset))
-#define __va_to_pa_nodebug(x) ((unsigned long)(x) - va_pa_offset)
+extern unsigned long kernel_virt_addr;
+
+#define linear_mapping_pa_to_va(x) ((void *)((unsigned long)(x) + va_pa_offset))
+#define kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(x) ((void *)((unsigned long)(x) + va_kernel_pa_offset))
+#define __pa_to_va_nodebug(x) linear_mapping_pa_to_va(x)
+
+#define linear_mapping_va_to_pa(x) ((unsigned long)(x) - va_pa_offset)
+#define kernel_mapping_va_to_pa(x) ((unsigned long)(x) - va_kernel_pa_offset)
+#define __va_to_pa_nodebug(x) ({ \
+ unsigned long _x = x; \
+ (_x < kernel_virt_addr) ? \
+ linear_mapping_va_to_pa(_x) : kernel_mapping_va_to_pa(_x); \
+ })
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL
extern phys_addr_t __virt_to_phys(unsigned long x);
diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h
index ebf817c1bdf4..80e63a93e903 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h
+++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h
@@ -11,23 +11,30 @@
#include <asm/pgtable-bits.h>
-#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
-
-/* Page Upper Directory not used in RISC-V */
-#include <asm-generic/pgtable-nopud.h>
-#include <asm/page.h>
-#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
-#include <linux/mm_types.h>
+#ifndef CONFIG_MMU
+#define KERNEL_LINK_ADDR PAGE_OFFSET
+#else
-#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
+#define ADDRESS_SPACE_END (UL(-1))
+/*
+ * Leave 2GB for kernel and BPF at the end of the address space
+ */
+#define KERNEL_LINK_ADDR (ADDRESS_SPACE_END - SZ_2G + 1)
#define VMALLOC_SIZE (KERN_VIRT_SIZE >> 1)
#define VMALLOC_END (PAGE_OFFSET - 1)
#define VMALLOC_START (PAGE_OFFSET - VMALLOC_SIZE)
+/* KASLR should leave at least 128MB for BPF after the kernel */
#define BPF_JIT_REGION_SIZE (SZ_128M)
-#define BPF_JIT_REGION_START (PAGE_OFFSET - BPF_JIT_REGION_SIZE)
-#define BPF_JIT_REGION_END (VMALLOC_END)
+#define BPF_JIT_REGION_START PFN_ALIGN((unsigned long)&_end)
+#define BPF_JIT_REGION_END (BPF_JIT_REGION_START + BPF_JIT_REGION_SIZE)
+
+/* Modules always live before the kernel */
+#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+#define MODULES_VADDR (PFN_ALIGN((unsigned long)&_end) - SZ_2G)
+#define MODULES_END (PFN_ALIGN((unsigned long)&_start))
+#endif
/*
* Roughly size the vmemmap space to be large enough to fit enough
@@ -57,9 +64,16 @@
#define FIXADDR_SIZE PGDIR_SIZE
#endif
#define FIXADDR_START (FIXADDR_TOP - FIXADDR_SIZE)
-
#endif
+#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
+
+/* Page Upper Directory not used in RISC-V */
+#include <asm-generic/pgtable-nopud.h>
+#include <asm/page.h>
+#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
+#include <linux/mm_types.h>
+
#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
#include <asm/pgtable-64.h>
#else
@@ -484,6 +498,7 @@ static inline int ptep_clear_flush_young(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
#define kern_addr_valid(addr) (1) /* FIXME */
+extern char _start[];
extern void *dtb_early_va;
extern uintptr_t dtb_early_pa;
void setup_bootmem(void);
diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/set_memory.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/set_memory.h
index 6887b3d9f371..a9c56776fa0e 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/set_memory.h
+++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/set_memory.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ int set_memory_x(unsigned long addr, int numpages);
int set_memory_nx(unsigned long addr, int numpages);
int set_memory_rw_nx(unsigned long addr, int numpages);
void protect_kernel_text_data(void);
+void protect_kernel_linear_mapping_text_rodata(void);
#else
static inline int set_memory_ro(unsigned long addr, int numpages) { return 0; }
static inline int set_memory_rw(unsigned long addr, int numpages) { return 0; }
diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S b/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S
index f5a9bad86e58..6cb05f22e52a 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S
+++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S
@@ -69,7 +69,8 @@ pe_head_start:
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
relocate:
/* Relocate return address */
- li a1, PAGE_OFFSET
+ la a1, kernel_virt_addr
+ REG_L a1, 0(a1)
la a2, _start
sub a1, a1, a2
add ra, ra, a1
diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/module.c b/arch/riscv/kernel/module.c
index 104fba889cf7..ce153771e5e9 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kernel/module.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/module.c
@@ -408,12 +408,10 @@ int apply_relocate_add(Elf_Shdr *sechdrs, const char *strtab,
}
#if defined(CONFIG_MMU) && defined(CONFIG_64BIT)
-#define VMALLOC_MODULE_START \
- max(PFN_ALIGN((unsigned long)&_end - SZ_2G), VMALLOC_START)
void *module_alloc(unsigned long size)
{
- return __vmalloc_node_range(size, 1, VMALLOC_MODULE_START,
- VMALLOC_END, GFP_KERNEL,
+ return __vmalloc_node_range(size, 1, MODULES_VADDR,
+ MODULES_END, GFP_KERNEL,
PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC, 0, NUMA_NO_NODE,
__builtin_return_address(0));
}
diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c b/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
index e85bacff1b50..30e4af0fd50c 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
@@ -265,6 +265,11 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX))
protect_kernel_text_data();
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && defined(CONFIG_MMU)
+ protect_kernel_linear_mapping_text_rodata();
+#endif
+
#ifdef CONFIG_SWIOTLB
swiotlb_init(1);
#endif
diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S b/arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
index de03cb22d0e9..0726c05e0336 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
+++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
* Copyright (C) 2017 SiFive
*/
-#define LOAD_OFFSET PAGE_OFFSET
+#include <asm/pgtable.h>
+#define LOAD_OFFSET KERNEL_LINK_ADDR
#include <asm/vmlinux.lds.h>
#include <asm/page.h>
#include <asm/cache.h>
diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/fault.c b/arch/riscv/mm/fault.c
index 8f17519208c7..1b14d523a95c 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/mm/fault.c
@@ -231,6 +231,19 @@ asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs)
return;
}
+#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+ /*
+ * Modules in 64bit kernels lie in their own virtual region which is not
+ * in the vmalloc region, but dealing with page faults in this region
+ * or the vmalloc region amounts to doing the same thing: checking that
+ * the mapping exists in init_mm.pgd and updating user page table, so
+ * just use vmalloc_fault.
+ */
+ if (unlikely(addr >= MODULES_VADDR && addr < MODULES_END)) {
+ vmalloc_fault(regs, code, addr);
+ return;
+ }
+#endif
/* Enable interrupts if they were enabled in the parent context. */
if (likely(regs->status & SR_PIE))
local_irq_enable();
diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/init.c b/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
index 7f5036fbee8c..093f3a96ecfc 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@
#include "../kernel/head.h"
+unsigned long kernel_virt_addr = KERNEL_LINK_ADDR;
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(kernel_virt_addr);
+
unsigned long empty_zero_page[PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(unsigned long)]
__page_aligned_bss;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_zero_page);
@@ -88,6 +91,8 @@ static void print_vm_layout(void)
(unsigned long)VMALLOC_END);
print_mlm("lowmem", (unsigned long)PAGE_OFFSET,
(unsigned long)high_memory);
+ print_mlm("kernel", (unsigned long)KERNEL_LINK_ADDR,
+ (unsigned long)ADDRESS_SPACE_END);
}
#else
static void print_vm_layout(void) { }
@@ -116,8 +121,13 @@ void __init setup_bootmem(void)
/* The maximal physical memory size is -PAGE_OFFSET. */
memblock_enforce_memory_limit(-PAGE_OFFSET);
- /* Reserve from the start of the kernel to the end of the kernel */
- memblock_reserve(vmlinux_start, vmlinux_end - vmlinux_start);
+ /*
+ * Reserve from the start of the kernel to the end of the kernel
+ * and make sure we align the reservation on PMD_SIZE since we will
+ * map the kernel in the linear mapping as read-only: we do not want
+ * any allocation to happen between _end and the next pmd aligned page.
+ */
+ memblock_reserve(vmlinux_start, (vmlinux_end - vmlinux_start + PMD_SIZE - 1) & PMD_MASK);
/*
* memblock allocator is not aware of the fact that last 4K bytes of
@@ -152,8 +162,12 @@ void __init setup_bootmem(void)
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
static struct pt_alloc_ops pt_ops;
+/* Offset between linear mapping virtual address and kernel load address */
unsigned long va_pa_offset;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(va_pa_offset);
+/* Offset between kernel mapping virtual address and kernel load address */
+unsigned long va_kernel_pa_offset;
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(va_kernel_pa_offset);
unsigned long pfn_base;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(pfn_base);
@@ -257,7 +271,7 @@ static pmd_t *get_pmd_virt_late(phys_addr_t pa)
static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pmd_early(uintptr_t va)
{
- BUG_ON((va - PAGE_OFFSET) >> PGDIR_SHIFT);
+ BUG_ON((va - kernel_virt_addr) >> PGDIR_SHIFT);
return (uintptr_t)early_pmd;
}
@@ -372,17 +386,32 @@ static uintptr_t __init best_map_size(phys_addr_t base, phys_addr_t size)
#error "setup_vm() is called from head.S before relocate so it should not use absolute addressing."
#endif
+uintptr_t load_pa, load_sz;
+
+static void __init create_kernel_page_table(pgd_t *pgdir, uintptr_t map_size)
+{
+ uintptr_t va, end_va;
+
+ end_va = kernel_virt_addr + load_sz;
+ for (va = kernel_virt_addr; va < end_va; va += map_size)
+ create_pgd_mapping(pgdir, va,
+ load_pa + (va - kernel_virt_addr),
+ map_size, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
+}
+
asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
{
- uintptr_t va, pa, end_va;
- uintptr_t load_pa = (uintptr_t)(&_start);
- uintptr_t load_sz = (uintptr_t)(&_end) - load_pa;
+ uintptr_t pa;
uintptr_t map_size;
#ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
pmd_t fix_bmap_spmd, fix_bmap_epmd;
#endif
+ load_pa = (uintptr_t)(&_start);
+ load_sz = (uintptr_t)(&_end) - load_pa;
va_pa_offset = PAGE_OFFSET - load_pa;
+ va_kernel_pa_offset = kernel_virt_addr - load_pa;
+
pfn_base = PFN_DOWN(load_pa);
/*
@@ -410,26 +439,22 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
create_pmd_mapping(fixmap_pmd, FIXADDR_START,
(uintptr_t)fixmap_pte, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
/* Setup trampoline PGD and PMD */
- create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, PAGE_OFFSET,
+ create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, kernel_virt_addr,
(uintptr_t)trampoline_pmd, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
- create_pmd_mapping(trampoline_pmd, PAGE_OFFSET,
+ create_pmd_mapping(trampoline_pmd, kernel_virt_addr,
load_pa, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
#else
/* Setup trampoline PGD */
- create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, PAGE_OFFSET,
+ create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, kernel_virt_addr,
load_pa, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
#endif
/*
- * Setup early PGD covering entire kernel which will allows
+ * Setup early PGD covering entire kernel which will allow
* us to reach paging_init(). We map all memory banks later
* in setup_vm_final() below.
*/
- end_va = PAGE_OFFSET + load_sz;
- for (va = PAGE_OFFSET; va < end_va; va += map_size)
- create_pgd_mapping(early_pg_dir, va,
- load_pa + (va - PAGE_OFFSET),
- map_size, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
+ create_kernel_page_table(early_pg_dir, map_size);
#ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
/* Setup early PMD for DTB */
@@ -444,7 +469,12 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
pa + PMD_SIZE, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL);
dtb_early_va = (void *)DTB_EARLY_BASE_VA + (dtb_pa & (PMD_SIZE - 1));
#else /* CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB */
- dtb_early_va = __va(dtb_pa);
+ /*
+ * __va can't be used since it would return a linear mapping address
+ * whereas dtb_early_va will be used before setup_vm_final installs
+ * the linear mapping.
+ */
+ dtb_early_va = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(dtb_pa);
#endif /* CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB */
#else
#ifndef CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB
@@ -456,7 +486,7 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
pa + PGDIR_SIZE, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL);
dtb_early_va = (void *)DTB_EARLY_BASE_VA + (dtb_pa & (PGDIR_SIZE - 1));
#else /* CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB */
- dtb_early_va = __va(dtb_pa);
+ dtb_early_va = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(dtb_pa);
#endif /* CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB */
#endif
dtb_early_pa = dtb_pa;
@@ -492,6 +522,22 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
#endif
}
+#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+void protect_kernel_linear_mapping_text_rodata(void)
+{
+ unsigned long text_start = (unsigned long)lm_alias(_start);
+ unsigned long init_text_start = (unsigned long)lm_alias(__init_text_begin);
+ unsigned long rodata_start = (unsigned long)lm_alias(__start_rodata);
+ unsigned long data_start = (unsigned long)lm_alias(_data);
+
+ set_memory_ro(text_start, (init_text_start - text_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+ set_memory_nx(text_start, (init_text_start - text_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+
+ set_memory_ro(rodata_start, (data_start - rodata_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+ set_memory_nx(rodata_start, (data_start - rodata_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+}
+#endif
+
static void __init setup_vm_final(void)
{
uintptr_t va, map_size;
@@ -513,7 +559,7 @@ static void __init setup_vm_final(void)
__pa_symbol(fixmap_pgd_next),
PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
- /* Map all memory banks */
+ /* Map all memory banks in the linear mapping */
for_each_mem_range(i, &start, &end) {
if (start >= end)
break;
@@ -525,10 +571,13 @@ static void __init setup_vm_final(void)
for (pa = start; pa < end; pa += map_size) {
va = (uintptr_t)__va(pa);
create_pgd_mapping(swapper_pg_dir, va, pa,
- map_size, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
+ map_size, PAGE_KERNEL);
}
}
+ /* Map the kernel */
+ create_kernel_page_table(swapper_pg_dir, PMD_SIZE);
+
/* Clear fixmap PTE and PMD mappings */
clear_fixmap(FIX_PTE);
clear_fixmap(FIX_PMD);
diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/kasan_init.c b/arch/riscv/mm/kasan_init.c
index 2c39f0386673..28f4d52cf17e 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/mm/kasan_init.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/mm/kasan_init.c
@@ -171,6 +171,10 @@ void __init kasan_init(void)
phys_addr_t _start, _end;
u64 i;
+ /*
+ * Populate all kernel virtual address space with kasan_early_shadow_page
+ * except for the linear mapping and the modules/kernel/BPF mapping.
+ */
kasan_populate_early_shadow((void *)KASAN_SHADOW_START,
(void *)kasan_mem_to_shadow((void *)
VMEMMAP_END));
@@ -183,6 +187,7 @@ void __init kasan_init(void)
(void *)kasan_mem_to_shadow((void *)VMALLOC_START),
(void *)kasan_mem_to_shadow((void *)VMALLOC_END));
+ /* Populate the linear mapping */
for_each_mem_range(i, &_start, &_end) {
void *start = (void *)__va(_start);
void *end = (void *)__va(_end);
@@ -193,6 +198,10 @@ void __init kasan_init(void)
kasan_populate(kasan_mem_to_shadow(start), kasan_mem_to_shadow(end));
};
+ /* Populate kernel, BPF, modules mapping */
+ kasan_populate(kasan_mem_to_shadow((const void *)MODULES_VADDR),
+ kasan_mem_to_shadow((const void *)BPF_JIT_REGION_END));
+
for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PTE; i++)
set_pte(&kasan_early_shadow_pte[i],
mk_pte(virt_to_page(kasan_early_shadow_page),
diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c b/arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c
index e8e4dcd39fed..35703d5ef5fd 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(__virt_to_phys);
phys_addr_t __phys_addr_symbol(unsigned long x)
{
- unsigned long kernel_start = (unsigned long)PAGE_OFFSET;
+ unsigned long kernel_start = (unsigned long)kernel_virt_addr;
unsigned long kernel_end = (unsigned long)_end;
/*
--
2.20.1
This new document presents the RISC-V virtual memory layout and is based
one the x86 one: it describes the different limits of the different regions
of the virtual address space.
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <[email protected]>
---
Documentation/riscv/index.rst | 1 +
Documentation/riscv/vm-layout.rst | 63 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2 files changed, 64 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 Documentation/riscv/vm-layout.rst
diff --git a/Documentation/riscv/index.rst b/Documentation/riscv/index.rst
index 6e6e39482502..ea915c196048 100644
--- a/Documentation/riscv/index.rst
+++ b/Documentation/riscv/index.rst
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ RISC-V architecture
:maxdepth: 1
boot-image-header
+ vm-layout
pmu
patch-acceptance
diff --git a/Documentation/riscv/vm-layout.rst b/Documentation/riscv/vm-layout.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..329d32098af4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/riscv/vm-layout.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+=====================================
+Virtual Memory Layout on RISC-V Linux
+=====================================
+
+:Author: Alexandre Ghiti <[email protected]>
+:Date: 12 February 2021
+
+This document describes the virtual memory layout used by the RISC-V Linux
+Kernel.
+
+RISC-V Linux Kernel 32bit
+=========================
+
+RISC-V Linux Kernel SV32
+------------------------
+
+TODO
+
+RISC-V Linux Kernel 64bit
+=========================
+
+The RISC-V privileged architecture document states that the 64bit addresses
+"must have bits 63–48 all equal to bit 47, or else a page-fault exception will
+occur.": that splits the virtual address space into 2 halves separated by a very
+big hole, the lower half is where the userspace resides, the upper half is where
+the RISC-V Linux Kernel resides.
+
+RISC-V Linux Kernel SV39
+------------------------
+
+::
+
+ ========================================================================================================================
+ Start addr | Offset | End addr | Size | VM area description
+ ========================================================================================================================
+ | | | |
+ 0000000000000000 | 0 | 0000003fffffffff | 256 GB | user-space virtual memory, different per mm
+ __________________|____________|__________________|_________|___________________________________________________________
+ | | | |
+ 0000004000000000 | +256 GB | ffffffbfffffffff | ~16M TB | ... huge, almost 64 bits wide hole of non-canonical
+ | | | | virtual memory addresses up to the -256 GB
+ | | | | starting offset of kernel mappings.
+ __________________|____________|__________________|_________|___________________________________________________________
+ |
+ | Kernel-space virtual memory, shared between all processes:
+ ____________________________________________________________|___________________________________________________________
+ | | | |
+ ffffffc000000000 | -256 GB | ffffffc7ffffffff | 32 GB | kasan
+ ffffffcefee00000 | -196 GB | ffffffcefeffffff | 2 MB | fixmap
+ ffffffceff000000 | -196 GB | ffffffceffffffff | 16 MB | PCI io
+ ffffffcf00000000 | -196 GB | ffffffcfffffffff | 4 GB | vmemmap
+ ffffffd000000000 | -192 GB | ffffffdfffffffff | 64 GB | vmalloc/ioremap space
+ ffffffe000000000 | -128 GB | ffffffff7fffffff | 124 GB | direct mapping of all physical memory
+ __________________|____________|__________________|_________|____________________________________________________________
+ |
+ |
+ ____________________________________________________________|____________________________________________________________
+ | | | |
+ ffffffff00000000 | -4 GB | ffffffff7fffffff | 2 GB | modules
+ ffffffff80000000 | -2 GB | ffffffffffffffff | 2 GB | kernel, BPF
+ __________________|____________|__________________|_________|____________________________________________________________
--
2.20.1
This is a preparatory patch for sv48 support that will introduce
dynamic PAGE_OFFSET.
Dynamic PAGE_OFFSET implies that all zones (vmalloc, vmemmap, fixaddr...)
whose addresses depend on PAGE_OFFSET become dynamic and can't be used
to statically initialize the array used by ptdump to identify the
different zones of the vm layout.
Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Anup Patel <[email protected]>
---
arch/riscv/mm/ptdump.c | 67 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
1 file changed, 55 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/ptdump.c b/arch/riscv/mm/ptdump.c
index ace74dec7492..aa1b3bce61ab 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/mm/ptdump.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/mm/ptdump.c
@@ -58,29 +58,52 @@ struct ptd_mm_info {
unsigned long end;
};
+enum address_markers_idx {
+#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
+ KASAN_SHADOW_START_NR,
+ KASAN_SHADOW_END_NR,
+#endif
+ FIXMAP_START_NR,
+ FIXMAP_END_NR,
+ PCI_IO_START_NR,
+ PCI_IO_END_NR,
+#ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
+ VMEMMAP_START_NR,
+ VMEMMAP_END_NR,
+#endif
+ VMALLOC_START_NR,
+ VMALLOC_END_NR,
+ PAGE_OFFSET_NR,
+ MODULES_MAPPING_NR,
+ KERNEL_MAPPING_NR,
+ END_OF_SPACE_NR
+};
+
static struct addr_marker address_markers[] = {
#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
- {KASAN_SHADOW_START, "Kasan shadow start"},
- {KASAN_SHADOW_END, "Kasan shadow end"},
+ {0, "Kasan shadow start"},
+ {0, "Kasan shadow end"},
#endif
- {FIXADDR_START, "Fixmap start"},
- {FIXADDR_TOP, "Fixmap end"},
- {PCI_IO_START, "PCI I/O start"},
- {PCI_IO_END, "PCI I/O end"},
+ {0, "Fixmap start"},
+ {0, "Fixmap end"},
+ {0, "PCI I/O start"},
+ {0, "PCI I/O end"},
#ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
- {VMEMMAP_START, "vmemmap start"},
- {VMEMMAP_END, "vmemmap end"},
+ {0, "vmemmap start"},
+ {0, "vmemmap end"},
#endif
- {VMALLOC_START, "vmalloc() area"},
- {VMALLOC_END, "vmalloc() end"},
- {PAGE_OFFSET, "Linear mapping"},
+ {0, "vmalloc() area"},
+ {0, "vmalloc() end"},
+ {0, "Linear mapping"},
+ {0, "Modules mapping"},
+ {0, "Kernel mapping (kernel, BPF)"},
{-1, NULL},
};
static struct ptd_mm_info kernel_ptd_info = {
.mm = &init_mm,
.markers = address_markers,
- .base_addr = KERN_VIRT_START,
+ .base_addr = 0,
.end = ULONG_MAX,
};
@@ -335,6 +358,26 @@ static int ptdump_init(void)
{
unsigned int i, j;
+#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
+ address_markers[KASAN_SHADOW_START_NR].start_address = KASAN_SHADOW_START;
+ address_markers[KASAN_SHADOW_END_NR].start_address = KASAN_SHADOW_END;
+#endif
+ address_markers[FIXMAP_START_NR].start_address = FIXADDR_START;
+ address_markers[FIXMAP_END_NR].start_address = FIXADDR_TOP;
+ address_markers[PCI_IO_START_NR].start_address = PCI_IO_START;
+ address_markers[PCI_IO_END_NR].start_address = PCI_IO_END;
+#ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
+ address_markers[VMEMMAP_START_NR].start_address = VMEMMAP_START;
+ address_markers[VMEMMAP_END_NR].start_address = VMEMMAP_END;
+#endif
+ address_markers[VMALLOC_START_NR].start_address = VMALLOC_START;
+ address_markers[VMALLOC_END_NR].start_address = VMALLOC_END;
+ address_markers[PAGE_OFFSET_NR].start_address = PAGE_OFFSET;
+ address_markers[MODULES_MAPPING_NR].start_address = MODULES_VADDR;
+ address_markers[KERNEL_MAPPING_NR].start_address = kernel_virt_addr;
+
+ kernel_ptd_info.base_addr = KERN_VIRT_START;
+
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pg_level); i++)
for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits); j++)
pg_level[i].mask |= pte_bits[j].mask;
--
2.20.1
On Fri, Apr 09, 2021 at 02:14:58AM -0400, Alexandre Ghiti wrote:
> This is a preparatory patch for relocatable kernel and sv48 support.
>
> The kernel used to be linked at PAGE_OFFSET address therefore we could use
> the linear mapping for the kernel mapping. But the relocated kernel base
> address will be different from PAGE_OFFSET and since in the linear mapping,
> two different virtual addresses cannot point to the same physical address,
> the kernel mapping needs to lie outside the linear mapping so that we don't
> have to copy it at the same physical offset.
>
> The kernel mapping is moved to the last 2GB of the address space, BPF
> is now always after the kernel and modules use the 2GB memory range right
> before the kernel, so BPF and modules regions do not overlap. KASLR
> implementation will simply have to move the kernel in the last 2GB range
> and just take care of leaving enough space for BPF.
>
> In addition, by moving the kernel to the end of the address space, both
> sv39 and sv48 kernels will be exactly the same without needing to be
> relocated at runtime.
>
> Suggested-by: Arnd Bergmann <[email protected]>
> Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <[email protected]>
In next-20210416, when booting a riscv32 image in qemu, this patch results in:
[ 0.000000] Linux version 5.12.0-rc7-next-20210416 (groeck@desktop) (riscv32-linux-gcc (GCC) 10.3.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.36.1) #1 SMP Fri Apr 16 10:38:09 PDT 2021
[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory block 0x80000000 - 0xa0000000
[ 0.000000] Machine model: riscv-virtio,qemu
[ 0.000000] earlycon: uart8250 at MMIO 0x10000000 (options '115200')
[ 0.000000] printk: bootconsole [uart8250] enabled
[ 0.000000] efi: UEFI not found.
[ 0.000000] Kernel panic - not syncing: init_resources: Failed to allocate 160 bytes
[ 0.000000] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 5.12.0-rc7-next-20210416 #1
[ 0.000000] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)
[ 0.000000] Call Trace:
[ 0.000000] [<80005292>] walk_stackframe+0x0/0xce
[ 0.000000] [<809f4db8>] dump_backtrace+0x38/0x46
[ 0.000000] [<809f4dd4>] show_stack+0xe/0x16
[ 0.000000] [<809ff1d0>] dump_stack+0x92/0xc6
[ 0.000000] [<809f4fee>] panic+0x10a/0x2d8
[ 0.000000] [<80c02b24>] setup_arch+0x2a0/0x4ea
[ 0.000000] [<80c006b0>] start_kernel+0x90/0x628
[ 0.000000] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: init_resources: Failed to allocate 160 bytes ]---
Reverting it fixes the problem. I understand that the version in -next is
different to this version of the patch, but I also tried v4 and it still
crashes with the same error message.
Guenter
Hi Guenter,
Le 4/16/21 ? 2:51 PM, Guenter Roeck a ?crit?:
> On Fri, Apr 09, 2021 at 02:14:58AM -0400, Alexandre Ghiti wrote:
>> This is a preparatory patch for relocatable kernel and sv48 support.
>>
>> The kernel used to be linked at PAGE_OFFSET address therefore we could use
>> the linear mapping for the kernel mapping. But the relocated kernel base
>> address will be different from PAGE_OFFSET and since in the linear mapping,
>> two different virtual addresses cannot point to the same physical address,
>> the kernel mapping needs to lie outside the linear mapping so that we don't
>> have to copy it at the same physical offset.
>>
>> The kernel mapping is moved to the last 2GB of the address space, BPF
>> is now always after the kernel and modules use the 2GB memory range right
>> before the kernel, so BPF and modules regions do not overlap. KASLR
>> implementation will simply have to move the kernel in the last 2GB range
>> and just take care of leaving enough space for BPF.
>>
>> In addition, by moving the kernel to the end of the address space, both
>> sv39 and sv48 kernels will be exactly the same without needing to be
>> relocated at runtime.
>>
>> Suggested-by: Arnd Bergmann <[email protected]>
>> Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <[email protected]>
>
> In next-20210416, when booting a riscv32 image in qemu, this patch results in:
>
> [ 0.000000] Linux version 5.12.0-rc7-next-20210416 (groeck@desktop) (riscv32-linux-gcc (GCC) 10.3.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.36.1) #1 SMP Fri Apr 16 10:38:09 PDT 2021
> [ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory block 0x80000000 - 0xa0000000
> [ 0.000000] Machine model: riscv-virtio,qemu
> [ 0.000000] earlycon: uart8250 at MMIO 0x10000000 (options '115200')
> [ 0.000000] printk: bootconsole [uart8250] enabled
> [ 0.000000] efi: UEFI not found.
> [ 0.000000] Kernel panic - not syncing: init_resources: Failed to allocate 160 bytes
> [ 0.000000] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 5.12.0-rc7-next-20210416 #1
> [ 0.000000] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)
> [ 0.000000] Call Trace:
> [ 0.000000] [<80005292>] walk_stackframe+0x0/0xce
> [ 0.000000] [<809f4db8>] dump_backtrace+0x38/0x46
> [ 0.000000] [<809f4dd4>] show_stack+0xe/0x16
> [ 0.000000] [<809ff1d0>] dump_stack+0x92/0xc6
> [ 0.000000] [<809f4fee>] panic+0x10a/0x2d8
> [ 0.000000] [<80c02b24>] setup_arch+0x2a0/0x4ea
> [ 0.000000] [<80c006b0>] start_kernel+0x90/0x628
> [ 0.000000] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: init_resources: Failed to allocate 160 bytes ]---
>
> Reverting it fixes the problem. I understand that the version in -next is
> different to this version of the patch, but I also tried v4 and it still
> crashes with the same error message.
>
I completely neglected 32b kernel in this series, I fixed that here:
Thank you for testing and reporting,
Alex
> Guenter
>
> _______________________________________________
> linux-riscv mailing list
> [email protected]
> http://lists.infradead.org/mailman/listinfo/linux-riscv
>