2017-04-04 06:58:08

by Stephen Boyd

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: [PATCH v3] arm64: print a fault message when attempting to write RO memory

If a page is marked read only we should print out that fact,
instead of printing out that there was a page fault. Right now we
get a cryptic error message that something went wrong with an
unhandled fault, but we don't evaluate the esr to figure out that
it was a read/write permission fault.

Instead of seeing:

Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ffff000008e460d8
pgd = ffff800003504000
[ffff000008e460d8] *pgd=0000000083473003, *pud=0000000083503003, *pmd=0000000000000000
Internal error: Oops: 9600004f [#1] PREEMPT SMP

we'll see:

Unable to handle kernel write to read-only memory at virtual address ffff000008e760d8
pgd = ffff80003d3de000
[ffff000008e760d8] *pgd=0000000083472003, *pud=0000000083435003, *pmd=0000000000000000
Internal error: Oops: 9600004f [#1] PREEMPT SMP

We also fold the userspace address check into is_permission_fault()
instead of at the current callsite so that the function can't be
abused with software PAN and a kernel space address.

Cc: James Morse <[email protected]>
Cc: Laura Abbott <[email protected]>
Cc: Mark Rutland <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <[email protected]>
---

Changes from v2:
* Fold addr check into is_permission_fault() (James Morse)

Changes from v1:
* Move into __do_kernel_fault() (Mark Rutland)

arch/arm64/mm/fault.c | 54 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------
1 file changed, 35 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c b/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c
index 156169c6981b..c6560cb4ef50 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c
@@ -160,12 +160,32 @@ static bool is_el1_instruction_abort(unsigned int esr)
return ESR_ELx_EC(esr) == ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_CUR;
}

+static inline bool is_permission_fault(unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs,
+ unsigned long addr)
+{
+ unsigned int ec = ESR_ELx_EC(esr);
+ unsigned int fsc_type = esr & ESR_ELx_FSC_TYPE;
+
+ if (ec != ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_CUR && ec != ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_CUR)
+ return false;
+
+ if (fsc_type == ESR_ELx_FSC_PERM)
+ return true;
+
+ if (addr < USER_DS && system_uses_ttbr0_pan())
+ return fsc_type == ESR_ELx_FSC_FAULT &&
+ (regs->pstate & PSR_PAN_BIT);
+
+ return false;
+}
+
/*
* The kernel tried to access some page that wasn't present.
*/
static void __do_kernel_fault(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
{
+ const char *msg;
/*
* Are we prepared to handle this kernel fault?
* We are almost certainly not prepared to handle instruction faults.
@@ -177,9 +197,20 @@ static void __do_kernel_fault(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
* No handler, we'll have to terminate things with extreme prejudice.
*/
bust_spinlocks(1);
- pr_alert("Unable to handle kernel %s at virtual address %08lx\n",
- (addr < PAGE_SIZE) ? "NULL pointer dereference" :
- "paging request", addr);
+
+ if (is_permission_fault(esr, regs, addr)) {
+ if (esr & ESR_ELx_WNR)
+ msg = "write to read-only memory";
+ else
+ msg = "read from unreadable memory";
+ } else if (addr < PAGE_SIZE) {
+ msg = "NULL pointer dereference";
+ } else {
+ msg = "paging request";
+ }
+
+ pr_alert("Unable to handle kernel %s at virtual address %08lx\n", msg,
+ addr);

show_pte(mm, addr);
die("Oops", regs, esr);
@@ -269,21 +300,6 @@ static int __do_page_fault(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
return fault;
}

-static inline bool is_permission_fault(unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
-{
- unsigned int ec = ESR_ELx_EC(esr);
- unsigned int fsc_type = esr & ESR_ELx_FSC_TYPE;
-
- if (ec != ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_CUR && ec != ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_CUR)
- return false;
-
- if (system_uses_ttbr0_pan())
- return fsc_type == ESR_ELx_FSC_FAULT &&
- (regs->pstate & PSR_PAN_BIT);
- else
- return fsc_type == ESR_ELx_FSC_PERM;
-}
-
static bool is_el0_instruction_abort(unsigned int esr)
{
return ESR_ELx_EC(esr) == ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_LOW;
@@ -321,7 +337,7 @@ static int __kprobes do_page_fault(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr,
mm_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_WRITE;
}

- if (addr < USER_DS && is_permission_fault(esr, regs)) {
+ if (is_permission_fault(esr, regs, addr)) {
/* regs->orig_addr_limit may be 0 if we entered from EL0 */
if (regs->orig_addr_limit == KERNEL_DS)
die("Accessing user space memory with fs=KERNEL_DS", regs, esr);
--
2.10.0.297.gf6727b0


2017-04-04 11:25:44

by James Morse

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v3] arm64: print a fault message when attempting to write RO memory

Hi Stephen,

On 04/04/17 07:58, Stephen Boyd wrote:
> If a page is marked read only we should print out that fact,
> instead of printing out that there was a page fault. Right now we
> get a cryptic error message that something went wrong with an
> unhandled fault, but we don't evaluate the esr to figure out that
> it was a read/write permission fault.
>
> Instead of seeing:
>
> Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ffff000008e460d8
> pgd = ffff800003504000
> [ffff000008e460d8] *pgd=0000000083473003, *pud=0000000083503003, *pmd=0000000000000000
> Internal error: Oops: 9600004f [#1] PREEMPT SMP
>
> we'll see:
>
> Unable to handle kernel write to read-only memory at virtual address ffff000008e760d8
> pgd = ffff80003d3de000
> [ffff000008e760d8] *pgd=0000000083472003, *pud=0000000083435003, *pmd=0000000000000000
> Internal error: Oops: 9600004f [#1] PREEMPT SMP
>
> We also fold the userspace address check into is_permission_fault()
> instead of at the current callsite so that the function can't be
> abused with software PAN and a kernel space address.


> diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c b/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c
> index 156169c6981b..c6560cb4ef50 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c
> @@ -321,7 +337,7 @@ static int __kprobes do_page_fault(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr,
> mm_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_WRITE;
> }
>
> - if (addr < USER_DS && is_permission_fault(esr, regs)) {
> + if (is_permission_fault(esr, regs, addr)) {
> /* regs->orig_addr_limit may be 0 if we entered from EL0 */
> if (regs->orig_addr_limit == KERNEL_DS)
> die("Accessing user space memory with fs=KERNEL_DS", regs, esr);
>

This change means the PAN checks claim permission faults on kernel addresses
too, we need to keep the addr check for these. (sorry, I missed this detail
first time round)

When I tried lkdtm's 'WRITE_RO' test it gave:
> [ 2114.718807] Internal error: Accessing user space memory outside uaccess.h
> routines: 9600004e [#1] PREEMPT SMP

With this hunk omitted I got the expected:
> [ 1476.243296] Unable to handle kernel write to read-only memory at virtual
> address ffff000008a11f10

I also gave this a spin on software-models with PAN and PAN+UAO, and TTBR0-PAN
on Juno.


With that hunk omitted:
Reviewed-by: James Morse <[email protected]>
Tested-by: James Morse <[email protected]>


Thanks,

James




2017-04-04 16:05:25

by Laura Abbott

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v3] arm64: print a fault message when attempting to write RO memory

On 04/03/2017 11:58 PM, Stephen Boyd wrote:
> If a page is marked read only we should print out that fact,
> instead of printing out that there was a page fault. Right now we
> get a cryptic error message that something went wrong with an
> unhandled fault, but we don't evaluate the esr to figure out that
> it was a read/write permission fault.
>
> Instead of seeing:
>
> Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ffff000008e460d8
> pgd = ffff800003504000
> [ffff000008e460d8] *pgd=0000000083473003, *pud=0000000083503003, *pmd=0000000000000000
> Internal error: Oops: 9600004f [#1] PREEMPT SMP
>
> we'll see:
>
> Unable to handle kernel write to read-only memory at virtual address ffff000008e760d8
> pgd = ffff80003d3de000
> [ffff000008e760d8] *pgd=0000000083472003, *pud=0000000083435003, *pmd=0000000000000000
> Internal error: Oops: 9600004f [#1] PREEMPT SMP
>
> We also fold the userspace address check into is_permission_fault()
> instead of at the current callsite so that the function can't be
> abused with software PAN and a kernel space address.
>
> Cc: James Morse <[email protected]>
> Cc: Laura Abbott <[email protected]>
> Cc: Mark Rutland <[email protected]>
> Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <[email protected]>

Acked-by: Laura Abbott <[email protected]>

> ---
>
> Changes from v2:
> * Fold addr check into is_permission_fault() (James Morse)
>
> Changes from v1:
> * Move into __do_kernel_fault() (Mark Rutland)
>
> arch/arm64/mm/fault.c | 54 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------
> 1 file changed, 35 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c b/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c
> index 156169c6981b..c6560cb4ef50 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/mm/fault.c
> @@ -160,12 +160,32 @@ static bool is_el1_instruction_abort(unsigned int esr)
> return ESR_ELx_EC(esr) == ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_CUR;
> }
>
> +static inline bool is_permission_fault(unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs,
> + unsigned long addr)
> +{
> + unsigned int ec = ESR_ELx_EC(esr);
> + unsigned int fsc_type = esr & ESR_ELx_FSC_TYPE;
> +
> + if (ec != ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_CUR && ec != ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_CUR)
> + return false;
> +
> + if (fsc_type == ESR_ELx_FSC_PERM)
> + return true;
> +
> + if (addr < USER_DS && system_uses_ttbr0_pan())
> + return fsc_type == ESR_ELx_FSC_FAULT &&
> + (regs->pstate & PSR_PAN_BIT);
> +
> + return false;
> +}
> +
> /*
> * The kernel tried to access some page that wasn't present.
> */
> static void __do_kernel_fault(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
> unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
> {
> + const char *msg;
> /*
> * Are we prepared to handle this kernel fault?
> * We are almost certainly not prepared to handle instruction faults.
> @@ -177,9 +197,20 @@ static void __do_kernel_fault(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
> * No handler, we'll have to terminate things with extreme prejudice.
> */
> bust_spinlocks(1);
> - pr_alert("Unable to handle kernel %s at virtual address %08lx\n",
> - (addr < PAGE_SIZE) ? "NULL pointer dereference" :
> - "paging request", addr);
> +
> + if (is_permission_fault(esr, regs, addr)) {
> + if (esr & ESR_ELx_WNR)
> + msg = "write to read-only memory";
> + else
> + msg = "read from unreadable memory";
> + } else if (addr < PAGE_SIZE) {
> + msg = "NULL pointer dereference";
> + } else {
> + msg = "paging request";
> + }
> +
> + pr_alert("Unable to handle kernel %s at virtual address %08lx\n", msg,
> + addr);
>
> show_pte(mm, addr);
> die("Oops", regs, esr);
> @@ -269,21 +300,6 @@ static int __do_page_fault(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
> return fault;
> }
>
> -static inline bool is_permission_fault(unsigned int esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
> -{
> - unsigned int ec = ESR_ELx_EC(esr);
> - unsigned int fsc_type = esr & ESR_ELx_FSC_TYPE;
> -
> - if (ec != ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_CUR && ec != ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_CUR)
> - return false;
> -
> - if (system_uses_ttbr0_pan())
> - return fsc_type == ESR_ELx_FSC_FAULT &&
> - (regs->pstate & PSR_PAN_BIT);
> - else
> - return fsc_type == ESR_ELx_FSC_PERM;
> -}
> -
> static bool is_el0_instruction_abort(unsigned int esr)
> {
> return ESR_ELx_EC(esr) == ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_LOW;
> @@ -321,7 +337,7 @@ static int __kprobes do_page_fault(unsigned long addr, unsigned int esr,
> mm_flags |= FAULT_FLAG_WRITE;
> }
>
> - if (addr < USER_DS && is_permission_fault(esr, regs)) {
> + if (is_permission_fault(esr, regs, addr)) {
> /* regs->orig_addr_limit may be 0 if we entered from EL0 */
> if (regs->orig_addr_limit == KERNEL_DS)
> die("Accessing user space memory with fs=KERNEL_DS", regs, esr);
>