2023-07-29 00:05:32

by Ira Weiny

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: [PATCH] cxl/memdev: Avoid mailbox functionality on device memory CXL devices

Using the proposed type-2 cxl-test device[1] the following
splat was observed:

BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000278
[...]
RIP: 0010:devm_cxl_add_memdev+0x1de/0x2c0 [cxl_core]
[...]
Call Trace:
<TASK>
? __die+0x1f/0x70
? page_fault_oops+0x149/0x420
? fixup_exception+0x22/0x310
? kernelmode_fixup_or_oops+0x84/0x110
? exc_page_fault+0x6d/0x150
? asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30
? devm_cxl_add_memdev+0x1de/0x2c0 [cxl_core]
cxl_mock_mem_probe+0x632/0x870 [cxl_mock_mem]
platform_probe+0x40/0x90
really_probe+0x19e/0x3e0
? __pfx___driver_attach+0x10/0x10
__driver_probe_device+0x78/0x160
driver_probe_device+0x1f/0x90
__driver_attach+0xce/0x1c0
bus_for_each_dev+0x63/0xa0
bus_add_driver+0x112/0x210
driver_register+0x55/0x100
? __pfx_cxl_mock_mem_driver_init+0x10/0x10 [cxl_mock_mem]
[...]

Commit f6b8ab32e3ec made the mailbox functionality optional. However,
some mailbox functionality was merged after that patch. Therefore some
mailbox functionality can be accessed on a device which did not set up
the mailbox.

While no devices currently exist, commit f6b8ab32e3ec is incomplete.
Complete the checks for memdev state to bring the code to a consistent
state for when type-2 devices are introduced.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/168592160379.1948938.12863272903570476312.stgit@dwillia2-xfh.jf.intel.com/

Fixes: f6b8ab32e3ec ("cxl/memdev: Make mailbox functionality optional")
Cc: Dan Williams <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Ira Weiny <[email protected]>
---
drivers/cxl/core/mbox.c | 9 +++++++++
drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
drivers/cxl/mem.c | 18 ++++++++++--------
drivers/cxl/pci.c | 5 ++++-
drivers/cxl/pmem.c | 3 +++
5 files changed, 52 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/mbox.c b/drivers/cxl/core/mbox.c
index d6d067fbee97..eb1758fb8cdf 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/mbox.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/mbox.c
@@ -482,6 +482,9 @@ int cxl_query_cmd(struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd,

dev_dbg(dev, "Query IOCTL\n");

+ if (!mds)
+ return -EIO;
+
if (get_user(n_commands, &q->n_commands))
return -EFAULT;

@@ -586,6 +589,9 @@ int cxl_send_cmd(struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd, struct cxl_send_command __user *s)

dev_dbg(dev, "Send IOCTL\n");

+ if (!mds)
+ return -EIO;
+
if (copy_from_user(&send, s, sizeof(send)))
return -EFAULT;

@@ -1245,6 +1251,9 @@ int cxl_mem_get_poison(struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd, u64 offset, u64 len,
int nr_records = 0;
int rc;

+ if (!mds)
+ return -EIO;
+
rc = mutex_lock_interruptible(&mds->poison.lock);
if (rc)
return rc;
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c b/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c
index f99e7ec3cc40..629e479f751b 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c
@@ -201,6 +201,19 @@ static ssize_t security_erase_store(struct device *dev,
static struct device_attribute dev_attr_security_erase =
__ATTR(erase, 0200, NULL, security_erase_store);

+static umode_t cxl_memdev_security_visible(struct kobject *kobj,
+ struct attribute *a, int n)
+{
+ struct device *dev = kobj_to_dev(kobj);
+ struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd = to_cxl_memdev(dev);
+ struct cxl_memdev_state *mds = to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlmd->cxlds);
+
+ if (!mds)
+ return 0;
+
+ return a->mode;
+}
+
static int cxl_get_poison_by_memdev(struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd)
{
struct cxl_dev_state *cxlds = cxlmd->cxlds;
@@ -332,6 +345,9 @@ int cxl_inject_poison(struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd, u64 dpa)
struct cxl_region *cxlr;
int rc;

+ if (!mds)
+ return -EIO;
+
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS))
return 0;

@@ -380,6 +396,9 @@ int cxl_clear_poison(struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd, u64 dpa)
struct cxl_region *cxlr;
int rc;

+ if (!mds)
+ return -EIO;
+
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS))
return 0;

@@ -480,6 +499,7 @@ static struct attribute_group cxl_memdev_pmem_attribute_group = {
static struct attribute_group cxl_memdev_security_attribute_group = {
.name = "security",
.attrs = cxl_memdev_security_attributes,
+ .is_visible = cxl_memdev_security_visible,
};

static const struct attribute_group *cxl_memdev_attribute_groups[] = {
@@ -542,6 +562,9 @@ static void cxl_memdev_security_shutdown(struct device *dev)
struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd = to_cxl_memdev(dev);
struct cxl_memdev_state *mds = to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlmd->cxlds);

+ if (!mds)
+ return;
+
if (mds->security.poll)
cancel_delayed_work_sync(&mds->security.poll_dwork);
}
@@ -997,6 +1020,9 @@ static int cxl_memdev_security_init(struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd)
struct device *dev = &cxlmd->dev;
struct kernfs_node *sec;

+ if (!mds)
+ return 0;
+
sec = sysfs_get_dirent(dev->kobj.sd, "security");
if (!sec) {
dev_err(dev, "sysfs_get_dirent 'security' failed\n");
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/mem.c b/drivers/cxl/mem.c
index 317c7548e4e9..4755a890018d 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/mem.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/mem.c
@@ -132,12 +132,14 @@ static int cxl_mem_probe(struct device *dev)
dentry = cxl_debugfs_create_dir(dev_name(dev));
debugfs_create_devm_seqfile(dev, "dpamem", dentry, cxl_mem_dpa_show);

- if (test_bit(CXL_POISON_ENABLED_INJECT, mds->poison.enabled_cmds))
- debugfs_create_file("inject_poison", 0200, dentry, cxlmd,
- &cxl_poison_inject_fops);
- if (test_bit(CXL_POISON_ENABLED_CLEAR, mds->poison.enabled_cmds))
- debugfs_create_file("clear_poison", 0200, dentry, cxlmd,
- &cxl_poison_clear_fops);
+ if (mds) {
+ if (test_bit(CXL_POISON_ENABLED_INJECT, mds->poison.enabled_cmds))
+ debugfs_create_file("inject_poison", 0200, dentry, cxlmd,
+ &cxl_poison_inject_fops);
+ if (test_bit(CXL_POISON_ENABLED_CLEAR, mds->poison.enabled_cmds))
+ debugfs_create_file("clear_poison", 0200, dentry, cxlmd,
+ &cxl_poison_clear_fops);
+ }

rc = devm_add_action_or_reset(dev, remove_debugfs, dentry);
if (rc)
@@ -222,8 +224,8 @@ static umode_t cxl_mem_visible(struct kobject *kobj, struct attribute *a, int n)
struct cxl_memdev_state *mds =
to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlmd->cxlds);

- if (!test_bit(CXL_POISON_ENABLED_LIST,
- mds->poison.enabled_cmds))
+ if (!mds || !test_bit(CXL_POISON_ENABLED_LIST,
+ mds->poison.enabled_cmds))
return 0;
}
return a->mode;
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/pci.c b/drivers/cxl/pci.c
index 1cb1494c28fe..93f6140432cd 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/pci.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/pci.c
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ static irqreturn_t cxl_pci_mbox_irq(int irq, void *id)
struct cxl_dev_state *cxlds = dev_id->cxlds;
struct cxl_memdev_state *mds = to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlds);

- if (!cxl_mbox_background_complete(cxlds))
+ if (!mds || !cxl_mbox_background_complete(cxlds))
return IRQ_NONE;

reg = readq(cxlds->regs.mbox + CXLDEV_MBOX_BG_CMD_STATUS_OFFSET);
@@ -624,6 +624,9 @@ static irqreturn_t cxl_event_thread(int irq, void *id)
struct cxl_memdev_state *mds = to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlds);
u32 status;

+ if (!mds)
+ return IRQ_HANDLED;
+
do {
/*
* CXL 3.0 8.2.8.3.1: The lower 32 bits are the status;
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/pmem.c b/drivers/cxl/pmem.c
index 7cb8994f8809..f1adfdd1a2b3 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/pmem.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/pmem.c
@@ -70,6 +70,9 @@ static int cxl_nvdimm_probe(struct device *dev)
struct nvdimm *nvdimm;
int rc;

+ if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!mds))
+ return -EIO;
+
set_exclusive_cxl_commands(mds, exclusive_cmds);
rc = devm_add_action_or_reset(dev, clear_exclusive, mds);
if (rc)

---
base-commit: 20ea1e7d13c1b544fe67c4a8dc3943bb1ab33e6f
change-id: 20230728-cxl-fix-devmemdev-5003ce927f68

Best regards,
--
Ira Weiny <[email protected]>



2023-07-29 00:31:29

by Dan Williams

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: RE: [PATCH] cxl/memdev: Avoid mailbox functionality on device memory CXL devices

Ira Weiny wrote:
> Using the proposed type-2 cxl-test device[1] the following
> splat was observed:
>
> BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000278
> [...]
> RIP: 0010:devm_cxl_add_memdev+0x1de/0x2c0 [cxl_core]

It would be useful to decode this to a line number, the rest of this
call trace is not adding much.

> [...]
> Call Trace:
> <TASK>
> ? __die+0x1f/0x70
> ? page_fault_oops+0x149/0x420
> ? fixup_exception+0x22/0x310
> ? kernelmode_fixup_or_oops+0x84/0x110
> ? exc_page_fault+0x6d/0x150
> ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30
> ? devm_cxl_add_memdev+0x1de/0x2c0 [cxl_core]
> cxl_mock_mem_probe+0x632/0x870 [cxl_mock_mem]
> platform_probe+0x40/0x90
> really_probe+0x19e/0x3e0
> ? __pfx___driver_attach+0x10/0x10
> __driver_probe_device+0x78/0x160
> driver_probe_device+0x1f/0x90
> __driver_attach+0xce/0x1c0
> bus_for_each_dev+0x63/0xa0
> bus_add_driver+0x112/0x210
> driver_register+0x55/0x100
> ? __pfx_cxl_mock_mem_driver_init+0x10/0x10 [cxl_mock_mem]
> [...]
>
> Commit f6b8ab32e3ec made the mailbox functionality optional. However,
> some mailbox functionality was merged after that patch. Therefore some
> mailbox functionality can be accessed on a device which did not set up
> the mailbox.

cxl_memdev_security_init() definitely needs to move out of
devm_cxl_add_memdev() and after that I do not think @mds NULL checks
need to be sprinkled everywhere. In other words something is wrong at a
higher level if we get into some of these helper functions without the
memory device state.

So definitely this uncovered a problem where cxl_memdev_security_init()
needs to move, but the rest of the mds NULL checks need clear
reproduction scenarios and expect most of them are precluded higher in
the call stack.

2023-08-01 04:01:27

by Davidlohr Bueso

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH] cxl/memdev: Avoid mailbox functionality on device memory CXL devices

On Fri, 28 Jul 2023, Dan Williams wrote:

>Ira Weiny wrote:
>> Using the proposed type-2 cxl-test device[1] the following
>> splat was observed:
>>
>> BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000278
>> [...]
>> RIP: 0010:devm_cxl_add_memdev+0x1de/0x2c0 [cxl_core]
>
>It would be useful to decode this to a line number, the rest of this
>call trace is not adding much.
>
>> [...]
>> Call Trace:
>> <TASK>
>> ? __die+0x1f/0x70
>> ? page_fault_oops+0x149/0x420
>> ? fixup_exception+0x22/0x310
>> ? kernelmode_fixup_or_oops+0x84/0x110
>> ? exc_page_fault+0x6d/0x150
>> ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30
>> ? devm_cxl_add_memdev+0x1de/0x2c0 [cxl_core]
>> cxl_mock_mem_probe+0x632/0x870 [cxl_mock_mem]
>> platform_probe+0x40/0x90
>> really_probe+0x19e/0x3e0
>> ? __pfx___driver_attach+0x10/0x10
>> __driver_probe_device+0x78/0x160
>> driver_probe_device+0x1f/0x90
>> __driver_attach+0xce/0x1c0
>> bus_for_each_dev+0x63/0xa0
>> bus_add_driver+0x112/0x210
>> driver_register+0x55/0x100
>> ? __pfx_cxl_mock_mem_driver_init+0x10/0x10 [cxl_mock_mem]
>> [...]
>>
>> Commit f6b8ab32e3ec made the mailbox functionality optional. However,
>> some mailbox functionality was merged after that patch. Therefore some
>> mailbox functionality can be accessed on a device which did not set up
>> the mailbox.
>
>cxl_memdev_security_init() definitely needs to move out of
>devm_cxl_add_memdev() and after that I do not think @mds NULL checks
>need to be sprinkled everywhere. In other words something is wrong at a
>higher level if we get into some of these helper functions without the
>memory device state.

Right, so we can move it directly into cxl_pci_probe() - just as with other
mbox based functionality. This leaves me wondering, however, what to do about
the cxl_memdev_security_shutdown() counterpart. As with the below diff, leaving
it as is and just adding a mds nil check might still be considering a layering
violation in that it would be asymmetrical wrt to the init; but this is tightly
coupled with cxl_memdev_unregister().

Ira does the below fix the crash?

Thanks,
Davidlohr

----8<-------
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c b/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c
index 14b547c07f54..4d1bf80c0e54 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ static void cxl_memdev_security_shutdown(struct device *dev)
struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd = to_cxl_memdev(dev);
struct cxl_memdev_state *mds = to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlmd->cxlds);

- if (mds->security.poll)
+ if (mds && mds->security.poll)
cancel_delayed_work_sync(&mds->security.poll_dwork);
}

@@ -1009,11 +1009,11 @@ static void put_sanitize(void *data)
sysfs_put(mds->security.sanitize_node);
}

-static int cxl_memdev_security_init(struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd)
+int cxl_memdev_security_state_init(struct cxl_memdev_state *mds)
{
- struct cxl_dev_state *cxlds = cxlmd->cxlds;
- struct cxl_memdev_state *mds = to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlds);
- struct device *dev = &cxlmd->dev;
+
+ struct cxl_dev_state *cxlds = &mds->cxlds;
+ struct device *dev = &cxlds->cxlmd->dev;
struct kernfs_node *sec;

sec = sysfs_get_dirent(dev->kobj.sd, "security");
@@ -1029,7 +1029,8 @@ static int cxl_memdev_security_init(struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd)
}

return devm_add_action_or_reset(cxlds->dev, put_sanitize, mds);
- }
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(cxl_memdev_security_state_init, CXL);

struct cxl_memdev *devm_cxl_add_memdev(struct cxl_dev_state *cxlds)
{
@@ -1059,10 +1060,6 @@ struct cxl_memdev *devm_cxl_add_memdev(struct cxl_dev_state *cxlds)
if (rc)
goto err;

- rc = cxl_memdev_security_init(cxlmd);
- if (rc)
- goto err;
-
rc = devm_add_action_or_reset(cxlds->dev, cxl_memdev_unregister, cxlmd);
if (rc)
return ERR_PTR(rc);
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/cxlmem.h b/drivers/cxl/cxlmem.h
index f86afef90c91..441270770519 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/cxlmem.h
+++ b/drivers/cxl/cxlmem.h
@@ -884,6 +884,7 @@ static inline void cxl_mem_active_dec(void)
#endif

int cxl_mem_sanitize(struct cxl_memdev_state *mds, u16 cmd);
+int cxl_memdev_security_state_init(struct cxl_memdev_state *mds);

struct cxl_hdm {
struct cxl_component_regs regs;
diff --git a/drivers/cxl/pci.c b/drivers/cxl/pci.c
index 1cb1494c28fe..5242dbf0044d 100644
--- a/drivers/cxl/pci.c
+++ b/drivers/cxl/pci.c
@@ -887,6 +887,10 @@ static int cxl_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
if (IS_ERR(cxlmd))
return PTR_ERR(cxlmd);

+ rc = cxl_memdev_security_state_init(mds);
+ if (rc)
+ return rc;
+
rc = cxl_memdev_setup_fw_upload(mds);
if (rc)
return rc;

2023-08-01 21:34:14

by Ira Weiny

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH] cxl/memdev: Avoid mailbox functionality on device memory CXL devices

Davidlohr Bueso wrote:
> On Fri, 28 Jul 2023, Dan Williams wrote:
>
> >Ira Weiny wrote:
> >> Using the proposed type-2 cxl-test device[1] the following
> >> splat was observed:
> >>
> >> BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000278
> >> [...]
> >> RIP: 0010:devm_cxl_add_memdev+0x1de/0x2c0 [cxl_core]
> >
> >It would be useful to decode this to a line number, the rest of this
> >call trace is not adding much.
> >
> >> [...]
> >> Call Trace:
> >> <TASK>
> >> ? __die+0x1f/0x70
> >> ? page_fault_oops+0x149/0x420
> >> ? fixup_exception+0x22/0x310
> >> ? kernelmode_fixup_or_oops+0x84/0x110
> >> ? exc_page_fault+0x6d/0x150
> >> ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30
> >> ? devm_cxl_add_memdev+0x1de/0x2c0 [cxl_core]
> >> cxl_mock_mem_probe+0x632/0x870 [cxl_mock_mem]
> >> platform_probe+0x40/0x90
> >> really_probe+0x19e/0x3e0
> >> ? __pfx___driver_attach+0x10/0x10
> >> __driver_probe_device+0x78/0x160
> >> driver_probe_device+0x1f/0x90
> >> __driver_attach+0xce/0x1c0
> >> bus_for_each_dev+0x63/0xa0
> >> bus_add_driver+0x112/0x210
> >> driver_register+0x55/0x100
> >> ? __pfx_cxl_mock_mem_driver_init+0x10/0x10 [cxl_mock_mem]
> >> [...]
> >>
> >> Commit f6b8ab32e3ec made the mailbox functionality optional. However,
> >> some mailbox functionality was merged after that patch. Therefore some
> >> mailbox functionality can be accessed on a device which did not set up
> >> the mailbox.
> >
> >cxl_memdev_security_init() definitely needs to move out of
> >devm_cxl_add_memdev() and after that I do not think @mds NULL checks
> >need to be sprinkled everywhere. In other words something is wrong at a
> >higher level if we get into some of these helper functions without the
> >memory device state.
>
> Right, so we can move it directly into cxl_pci_probe() - just as with other
> mbox based functionality. This leaves me wondering, however, what to do about
> the cxl_memdev_security_shutdown() counterpart. As with the below diff, leaving
> it as is and just adding a mds nil check might still be considering a layering
> violation in that it would be asymmetrical wrt to the init; but this is tightly
> coupled with cxl_memdev_unregister().
>
> Ira does the below fix the crash?

I had to apply it by hand but yea it fixes the immediate crash.

Did you want to submit that as part of other work?

Ira

>
> Thanks,
> Davidlohr
>
> ----8<-------
> diff --git a/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c b/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c
> index 14b547c07f54..4d1bf80c0e54 100644
> --- a/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c
> +++ b/drivers/cxl/core/memdev.c
> @@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ static void cxl_memdev_security_shutdown(struct device *dev)
> struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd = to_cxl_memdev(dev);
> struct cxl_memdev_state *mds = to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlmd->cxlds);
>
> - if (mds->security.poll)
> + if (mds && mds->security.poll)
> cancel_delayed_work_sync(&mds->security.poll_dwork);
> }
>
> @@ -1009,11 +1009,11 @@ static void put_sanitize(void *data)
> sysfs_put(mds->security.sanitize_node);
> }
>
> -static int cxl_memdev_security_init(struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd)
> +int cxl_memdev_security_state_init(struct cxl_memdev_state *mds)
> {
> - struct cxl_dev_state *cxlds = cxlmd->cxlds;
> - struct cxl_memdev_state *mds = to_cxl_memdev_state(cxlds);
> - struct device *dev = &cxlmd->dev;
> +
> + struct cxl_dev_state *cxlds = &mds->cxlds;
> + struct device *dev = &cxlds->cxlmd->dev;
> struct kernfs_node *sec;
>
> sec = sysfs_get_dirent(dev->kobj.sd, "security");
> @@ -1029,7 +1029,8 @@ static int cxl_memdev_security_init(struct cxl_memdev *cxlmd)
> }
>
> return devm_add_action_or_reset(cxlds->dev, put_sanitize, mds);
> - }
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(cxl_memdev_security_state_init, CXL);
>
> struct cxl_memdev *devm_cxl_add_memdev(struct cxl_dev_state *cxlds)
> {
> @@ -1059,10 +1060,6 @@ struct cxl_memdev *devm_cxl_add_memdev(struct cxl_dev_state *cxlds)
> if (rc)
> goto err;
>
> - rc = cxl_memdev_security_init(cxlmd);
> - if (rc)
> - goto err;
> -
> rc = devm_add_action_or_reset(cxlds->dev, cxl_memdev_unregister, cxlmd);
> if (rc)
> return ERR_PTR(rc);
> diff --git a/drivers/cxl/cxlmem.h b/drivers/cxl/cxlmem.h
> index f86afef90c91..441270770519 100644
> --- a/drivers/cxl/cxlmem.h
> +++ b/drivers/cxl/cxlmem.h
> @@ -884,6 +884,7 @@ static inline void cxl_mem_active_dec(void)
> #endif
>
> int cxl_mem_sanitize(struct cxl_memdev_state *mds, u16 cmd);
> +int cxl_memdev_security_state_init(struct cxl_memdev_state *mds);
>
> struct cxl_hdm {
> struct cxl_component_regs regs;
> diff --git a/drivers/cxl/pci.c b/drivers/cxl/pci.c
> index 1cb1494c28fe..5242dbf0044d 100644
> --- a/drivers/cxl/pci.c
> +++ b/drivers/cxl/pci.c
> @@ -887,6 +887,10 @@ static int cxl_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
> if (IS_ERR(cxlmd))
> return PTR_ERR(cxlmd);
>
> + rc = cxl_memdev_security_state_init(mds);
> + if (rc)
> + return rc;
> +
> rc = cxl_memdev_setup_fw_upload(mds);
> if (rc)
> return rc;