2024-05-02 12:38:02

by Puranjay Mohan

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: [PATCH v2 1/2] arm64/arch_timer: include <linux/percpu.h>

arch_timer.h includes linux/smp.h to use DEFINE_PER_CPU() and it works
because smp.h includes percpu.h. The next commit will remove percpu.h
from smp.h and it will break this usage.

Explicitly include percpu.h and remove smp.h

Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <[email protected]>
---
arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h | 2 +-
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
index 934c658ee947..f5794d50f51d 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
#include <linux/bug.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/jump_label.h>
-#include <linux/smp.h>
+#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/types.h>

#include <clocksource/arm_arch_timer.h>
--
2.40.1



2024-05-02 12:43:34

by Puranjay Mohan

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: [PATCH v2 2/2] arm64: implement raw_smp_processor_id() using thread_info

Historically, arm64 implemented raw_smp_processor_id() as a read of
current_thread_info()->cpu. This changed when arm64 moved thread_info
into task struct, as at the time CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK made core
code use thread_struct::cpu for the cpu number, and due to header
dependencies prevented using this in raw_smp_processor_id(). As a
workaround, we moved to using a percpu variable in commit:

commit 57c82954e77f ("arm64: make cpu number a percpu variable")

Since then, thread_info::cpu was reintroduced, and core code was made to
use this in commits:

commit 001430c1910d ("arm64: add CPU field to struct thread_info")
commit bcf9033e5449 ("sched: move CPU field back into thread_info if
THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK=y")

Consequently it is possible to use current_thread_info()->cpu again.

This decreases the number of emitted instructions like in the following
example:

Dump of assembler code for function bpf_get_smp_processor_id:
0xffff8000802cd608 <+0>: nop
0xffff8000802cd60c <+4>: nop
0xffff8000802cd610 <+8>: adrp x0, 0xffff800082138000
0xffff8000802cd614 <+12>: mrs x1, tpidr_el1
0xffff8000802cd618 <+16>: add x0, x0, #0x8
0xffff8000802cd61c <+20>: ldrsw x0, [x0, x1]
0xffff8000802cd620 <+24>: ret

After this patch:

Dump of assembler code for function bpf_get_smp_processor_id:
0xffff8000802c9130 <+0>: nop
0xffff8000802c9134 <+4>: nop
0xffff8000802c9138 <+8>: mrs x0, sp_el0
0xffff8000802c913c <+12>: ldr w0, [x0, #24]
0xffff8000802c9140 <+16>: ret

A microbenchmark[1] was built to measure the performance improvement
provided by this change. It calls the following function given number of
times and finds the runtime overhead:

static noinline int get_cpu_id(void)
{
return smp_processor_id();
}

Run the benchmark like:
modprobe smp_processor_id nr_function_calls=1000000000

+--------------------------+------------------------+
| | Number of Calls | Time taken |
+--------+-----------------+------------------------+
| Before | 1000000000 | 1602888401ns |
+--------+-----------------+------------------------+
| After | 1000000000 | 1206212658ns |
+--------+-----------------+------------------------+
| Difference (decrease) | 396675743ns (24.74%) |
+---------------------------------------------------+

Remove the percpu variable cpu_number as it is used only in
set_smp_ipi_range() as a dummy variable to be passed to ipi_handler().
Use irq_stat in place of cpu_number here.

[1] https://github.com/puranjaymohan/linux/commit/77d3fdd

Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <[email protected]>
---
Changes in v1 -> v2:
v1: https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]/
- Remove the percpu variable cpu_number
- Add more information to the commit message.
---
arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h | 13 +------------
arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c | 9 ++-------
2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h
index efb13112b408..2510eec026f7 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h
@@ -25,22 +25,11 @@

#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__

-#include <asm/percpu.h>
-
#include <linux/threads.h>
#include <linux/cpumask.h>
#include <linux/thread_info.h>

-DECLARE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(int, cpu_number);
-
-/*
- * We don't use this_cpu_read(cpu_number) as that has implicit writes to
- * preempt_count, and associated (compiler) barriers, that we'd like to avoid
- * the expense of. If we're preemptible, the value can be stale at use anyway.
- * And we can't use this_cpu_ptr() either, as that winds up recursing back
- * here under CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT=y.
- */
-#define raw_smp_processor_id() (*raw_cpu_ptr(&cpu_number))
+#define raw_smp_processor_id() (current_thread_info()->cpu)

/*
* Logical CPU mapping.
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
index 4ced34f62dab..98d4e352c3d0 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
@@ -55,9 +55,6 @@

#include <trace/events/ipi.h>

-DEFINE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(int, cpu_number);
-EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(cpu_number);
-
/*
* as from 2.5, kernels no longer have an init_tasks structure
* so we need some other way of telling a new secondary core
@@ -742,8 +739,6 @@ void __init smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int max_cpus)
*/
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {

- per_cpu(cpu_number, cpu) = cpu;
-
if (cpu == smp_processor_id())
continue;

@@ -1021,12 +1016,12 @@ void __init set_smp_ipi_range(int ipi_base, int n)

if (ipi_should_be_nmi(i)) {
err = request_percpu_nmi(ipi_base + i, ipi_handler,
- "IPI", &cpu_number);
+ "IPI", &irq_stat);
WARN(err, "Could not request IPI %d as NMI, err=%d\n",
i, err);
} else {
err = request_percpu_irq(ipi_base + i, ipi_handler,
- "IPI", &cpu_number);
+ "IPI", &irq_stat);
WARN(err, "Could not request IPI %d as IRQ, err=%d\n",
i, err);
}
--
2.40.1


2024-05-03 09:08:19

by Anshuman Khandual

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 1/2] arm64/arch_timer: include <linux/percpu.h>



On 5/2/24 18:04, Puranjay Mohan wrote:
> arch_timer.h includes linux/smp.h to use DEFINE_PER_CPU() and it works
> because smp.h includes percpu.h. The next commit will remove percpu.h
> from smp.h and it will break this usage.
>
> Explicitly include percpu.h and remove smp.h

But this particular change does not seem to be necessary for changing
raw_smp_processor_id() as current_thread_info()->cpu being done in the
later patch ? You might still leave header <asm/percpu.h> inclusion in
arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h while dropping the per cpu cpu_number ?

>
> Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <[email protected]>
> ---
> arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h | 2 +-
> 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
> index 934c658ee947..f5794d50f51d 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
> @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
> #include <linux/bug.h>
> #include <linux/init.h>
> #include <linux/jump_label.h>
> -#include <linux/smp.h>
> +#include <linux/percpu.h>
> #include <linux/types.h>
>
> #include <clocksource/arm_arch_timer.h>

2024-05-03 09:16:38

by Anshuman Khandual

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 2/2] arm64: implement raw_smp_processor_id() using thread_info



On 5/2/24 18:04, Puranjay Mohan wrote:
> Historically, arm64 implemented raw_smp_processor_id() as a read of
> current_thread_info()->cpu. This changed when arm64 moved thread_info
> into task struct, as at the time CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK made core
> code use thread_struct::cpu for the cpu number, and due to header
> dependencies prevented using this in raw_smp_processor_id(). As a
> workaround, we moved to using a percpu variable in commit:
>
> commit 57c82954e77f ("arm64: make cpu number a percpu variable")
>
> Since then, thread_info::cpu was reintroduced, and core code was made to
> use this in commits:
>
> commit 001430c1910d ("arm64: add CPU field to struct thread_info")
> commit bcf9033e5449 ("sched: move CPU field back into thread_info if
> THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK=y")
>
> Consequently it is possible to use current_thread_info()->cpu again.

This captures Mark's earlier suggestion on the commit message.


>
> This decreases the number of emitted instructions like in the following
> example:
>
> Dump of assembler code for function bpf_get_smp_processor_id:
> 0xffff8000802cd608 <+0>: nop
> 0xffff8000802cd60c <+4>: nop
> 0xffff8000802cd610 <+8>: adrp x0, 0xffff800082138000
> 0xffff8000802cd614 <+12>: mrs x1, tpidr_el1
> 0xffff8000802cd618 <+16>: add x0, x0, #0x8
> 0xffff8000802cd61c <+20>: ldrsw x0, [x0, x1]
> 0xffff8000802cd620 <+24>: ret
>
> After this patch:
>
> Dump of assembler code for function bpf_get_smp_processor_id:
> 0xffff8000802c9130 <+0>: nop
> 0xffff8000802c9134 <+4>: nop
> 0xffff8000802c9138 <+8>: mrs x0, sp_el0
> 0xffff8000802c913c <+12>: ldr w0, [x0, #24]
> 0xffff8000802c9140 <+16>: ret
>
> A microbenchmark[1] was built to measure the performance improvement
> provided by this change. It calls the following function given number of
> times and finds the runtime overhead:
>
> static noinline int get_cpu_id(void)
> {
> return smp_processor_id();
> }
>
> Run the benchmark like:
> modprobe smp_processor_id nr_function_calls=1000000000
>
> +--------------------------+------------------------+
> | | Number of Calls | Time taken |
> +--------+-----------------+------------------------+
> | Before | 1000000000 | 1602888401ns |
> +--------+-----------------+------------------------+
> | After | 1000000000 | 1206212658ns |
> +--------+-----------------+------------------------+
> | Difference (decrease) | 396675743ns (24.74%) |
> +---------------------------------------------------+
>
> Remove the percpu variable cpu_number as it is used only in
> set_smp_ipi_range() as a dummy variable to be passed to ipi_handler().
> Use irq_stat in place of cpu_number here.
>
> [1] https://github.com/puranjaymohan/linux/commit/77d3fdd
>
> Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <[email protected]>
> ---
> Changes in v1 -> v2:
> v1: https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]/
> - Remove the percpu variable cpu_number
> - Add more information to the commit message.
> ---
> arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h | 13 +------------
> arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c | 9 ++-------
> 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h
> index efb13112b408..2510eec026f7 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h
> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h
> @@ -25,22 +25,11 @@
>
> #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
>
> -#include <asm/percpu.h>
> -
> #include <linux/threads.h>
> #include <linux/cpumask.h>
> #include <linux/thread_info.h>
>
> -DECLARE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(int, cpu_number);
> -
> -/*
> - * We don't use this_cpu_read(cpu_number) as that has implicit writes to
> - * preempt_count, and associated (compiler) barriers, that we'd like to avoid
> - * the expense of. If we're preemptible, the value can be stale at use anyway.
> - * And we can't use this_cpu_ptr() either, as that winds up recursing back
> - * here under CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT=y.
> - */
> -#define raw_smp_processor_id() (*raw_cpu_ptr(&cpu_number))
> +#define raw_smp_processor_id() (current_thread_info()->cpu)
>
> /*
> * Logical CPU mapping.
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
> index 4ced34f62dab..98d4e352c3d0 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
> @@ -55,9 +55,6 @@
>
> #include <trace/events/ipi.h>
>
> -DEFINE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(int, cpu_number);
> -EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(cpu_number);
> -
> /*
> * as from 2.5, kernels no longer have an init_tasks structure
> * so we need some other way of telling a new secondary core
> @@ -742,8 +739,6 @@ void __init smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int max_cpus)
> */
> for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
>
> - per_cpu(cpu_number, cpu) = cpu;
> -
> if (cpu == smp_processor_id())
> continue;
>
> @@ -1021,12 +1016,12 @@ void __init set_smp_ipi_range(int ipi_base, int n)
>
> if (ipi_should_be_nmi(i)) {
> err = request_percpu_nmi(ipi_base + i, ipi_handler,
> - "IPI", &cpu_number);
> + "IPI", &irq_stat);
> WARN(err, "Could not request IPI %d as NMI, err=%d\n",
> i, err);
> } else {
> err = request_percpu_irq(ipi_base + i, ipi_handler,
> - "IPI", &cpu_number);
> + "IPI", &irq_stat);
> WARN(err, "Could not request IPI %d as IRQ, err=%d\n",
> i, err);
> }

set_smp_ipi_range() now looks similar to what we have on arm32 platform.

Besides the arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h changes (not sure if is just a
clean up, then might be a stand alone patch on its own) this patch LGTM.

2024-05-03 09:44:40

by Puranjay Mohan

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 1/2] arm64/arch_timer: include <linux/percpu.h>

Anshuman Khandual <[email protected]> writes:

> On 5/2/24 18:04, Puranjay Mohan wrote:
>> arch_timer.h includes linux/smp.h to use DEFINE_PER_CPU() and it works
>> because smp.h includes percpu.h. The next commit will remove percpu.h
>> from smp.h and it will break this usage.
>>
>> Explicitly include percpu.h and remove smp.h
>
> But this particular change does not seem to be necessary for changing
> raw_smp_processor_id() as current_thread_info()->cpu being done in the
> later patch ? You might still leave header <asm/percpu.h> inclusion in
> arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h while dropping the per cpu cpu_number ?

commit 57c82954e77f ("arm64: make cpu number a percpu variable")
created this percpu variable and included <asm/percpu.h> in <asm/smp.h>

Now we are removing the percpu variable cpu_number from smp.h, so there
is no need to keep percpu.h in smp.h

I feel users of DECLARE_PER_CPU_[...], etc. should include percpu.h and
not smp.h as it makes reading the code more easier and can thwart build
issues in the future, when headers are changed.

Thanks,
Puranjay

2024-05-03 15:14:50

by Mark Rutland

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 1/2] arm64/arch_timer: include <linux/percpu.h>

On Thu, May 02, 2024 at 12:34:48PM +0000, Puranjay Mohan wrote:
> arch_timer.h includes linux/smp.h to use DEFINE_PER_CPU() and it works
> because smp.h includes percpu.h. The next commit will remove percpu.h
> from smp.h and it will break this usage.
>
> Explicitly include percpu.h and remove smp.h
>
> Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <[email protected]>

Looks like this was a thinko in commit:

6acc71ccac7187fc ("arm64: arch_timer: Allows a CPU-specific erratum to only affect a subset of CPUs")

.. which, as you say, should have included <linux/percpu.h> rather than
<linux/smp.h>.

This is a cleanup regardless of the next patch.

Acked-by: Mark Rutland <[email protected]>

Mark.

> ---
> arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h | 2 +-
> 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
> index 934c658ee947..f5794d50f51d 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
> @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
> #include <linux/bug.h>
> #include <linux/init.h>
> #include <linux/jump_label.h>
> -#include <linux/smp.h>
> +#include <linux/percpu.h>
> #include <linux/types.h>
>
> #include <clocksource/arm_arch_timer.h>
> --
> 2.40.1
>

2024-05-03 15:21:24

by Mark Rutland

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 1/2] arm64/arch_timer: include <linux/percpu.h>

On Fri, May 03, 2024 at 02:37:45PM +0530, Anshuman Khandual wrote:
>
>
> On 5/2/24 18:04, Puranjay Mohan wrote:
> > arch_timer.h includes linux/smp.h to use DEFINE_PER_CPU() and it works
> > because smp.h includes percpu.h. The next commit will remove percpu.h
> > from smp.h and it will break this usage.
> >
> > Explicitly include percpu.h and remove smp.h
>
> But this particular change does not seem to be necessary for changing
> raw_smp_processor_id() as current_thread_info()->cpu being done in the
> later patch ? You might still leave header <asm/percpu.h> inclusion in
> arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h while dropping the per cpu cpu_number ?

Why would that be preferable?

The general rule is that if a file uses something explicitly, it should include
the relevant header directly rather than something that happens to transitively
include that header.

We made a mistake and included the wrong header in commit:

6acc71ccac7187fc ("arm64: arch_timer: Allows a CPU-specific erratum to only affect a subset of CPUs")

.. so we should fix that regardless of the next patch.

The point of the next patch is to effectively revert commit:

57c82954e77fa12c ("arm64: make cpu number a percpu variable")

.. and reverting that means we should stop including <asm/percpu.h> from
<asm/smp.h>; anything depending on that is already doing something wrong, and
leaving the include there only serves to paper over bugs.

Mark.

>
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <[email protected]>
> > ---
> > arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h | 2 +-
> > 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
> > index 934c658ee947..f5794d50f51d 100644
> > --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
> > +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
> > @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
> > #include <linux/bug.h>
> > #include <linux/init.h>
> > #include <linux/jump_label.h>
> > -#include <linux/smp.h>
> > +#include <linux/percpu.h>
> > #include <linux/types.h>
> >
> > #include <clocksource/arm_arch_timer.h>

2024-05-03 15:31:05

by Mark Rutland

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 2/2] arm64: implement raw_smp_processor_id() using thread_info

On Thu, May 02, 2024 at 12:34:49PM +0000, Puranjay Mohan wrote:
> Historically, arm64 implemented raw_smp_processor_id() as a read of
> current_thread_info()->cpu. This changed when arm64 moved thread_info
> into task struct, as at the time CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK made core
> code use thread_struct::cpu for the cpu number, and due to header
> dependencies prevented using this in raw_smp_processor_id(). As a
> workaround, we moved to using a percpu variable in commit:
>
> commit 57c82954e77f ("arm64: make cpu number a percpu variable")
>
> Since then, thread_info::cpu was reintroduced, and core code was made to
> use this in commits:
>
> commit 001430c1910d ("arm64: add CPU field to struct thread_info")
> commit bcf9033e5449 ("sched: move CPU field back into thread_info if
> THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK=y")
>
> Consequently it is possible to use current_thread_info()->cpu again.

Minor nits:

* There's no need to say "commit" before each of these when the previous line
ends with "commit:" or "commits:"

* It'd be better for these to each be single lines, even if they go over the
usual line limit.

* I'd deliberately indented those commit lines with double-spaces to
distinguish them from regular text in the commit message.

.. so if you could use that text as-is (minus the "| " prefix on each line)
from:

https://lore.kernel.org/linux-arm-kernel/[email protected]/

.. that'd be preferable.

> This decreases the number of emitted instructions like in the following
> example:
>
> Dump of assembler code for function bpf_get_smp_processor_id:
> 0xffff8000802cd608 <+0>: nop
> 0xffff8000802cd60c <+4>: nop
> 0xffff8000802cd610 <+8>: adrp x0, 0xffff800082138000
> 0xffff8000802cd614 <+12>: mrs x1, tpidr_el1
> 0xffff8000802cd618 <+16>: add x0, x0, #0x8
> 0xffff8000802cd61c <+20>: ldrsw x0, [x0, x1]
> 0xffff8000802cd620 <+24>: ret
>
> After this patch:
>
> Dump of assembler code for function bpf_get_smp_processor_id:
> 0xffff8000802c9130 <+0>: nop
> 0xffff8000802c9134 <+4>: nop
> 0xffff8000802c9138 <+8>: mrs x0, sp_el0
> 0xffff8000802c913c <+12>: ldr w0, [x0, #24]
> 0xffff8000802c9140 <+16>: ret
>
> A microbenchmark[1] was built to measure the performance improvement
> provided by this change. It calls the following function given number of
> times and finds the runtime overhead:
>
> static noinline int get_cpu_id(void)
> {
> return smp_processor_id();
> }
>
> Run the benchmark like:
> modprobe smp_processor_id nr_function_calls=1000000000
>
> +--------------------------+------------------------+
> | | Number of Calls | Time taken |
> +--------+-----------------+------------------------+
> | Before | 1000000000 | 1602888401ns |
> +--------+-----------------+------------------------+
> | After | 1000000000 | 1206212658ns |
> +--------+-----------------+------------------------+
> | Difference (decrease) | 396675743ns (24.74%) |
> +---------------------------------------------------+
>
> Remove the percpu variable cpu_number as it is used only in
> set_smp_ipi_range() as a dummy variable to be passed to ipi_handler().
> Use irq_stat in place of cpu_number here.
>
> [1] https://github.com/puranjaymohan/linux/commit/77d3fdd
>
> Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <[email protected]>
> ---
> Changes in v1 -> v2:
> v1: https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]/
> - Remove the percpu variable cpu_number
> - Add more information to the commit message.
> ---
> arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h | 13 +------------
> arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c | 9 ++-------
> 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h
> index efb13112b408..2510eec026f7 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h
> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h
> @@ -25,22 +25,11 @@
>
> #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
>
> -#include <asm/percpu.h>
> -
> #include <linux/threads.h>
> #include <linux/cpumask.h>
> #include <linux/thread_info.h>
>
> -DECLARE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(int, cpu_number);
> -
> -/*
> - * We don't use this_cpu_read(cpu_number) as that has implicit writes to
> - * preempt_count, and associated (compiler) barriers, that we'd like to avoid
> - * the expense of. If we're preemptible, the value can be stale at use anyway.
> - * And we can't use this_cpu_ptr() either, as that winds up recursing back
> - * here under CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT=y.
> - */
> -#define raw_smp_processor_id() (*raw_cpu_ptr(&cpu_number))
> +#define raw_smp_processor_id() (current_thread_info()->cpu)
>
> /*
> * Logical CPU mapping.
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
> index 4ced34f62dab..98d4e352c3d0 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
> @@ -55,9 +55,6 @@
>
> #include <trace/events/ipi.h>
>
> -DEFINE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(int, cpu_number);
> -EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(cpu_number);
> -
> /*
> * as from 2.5, kernels no longer have an init_tasks structure
> * so we need some other way of telling a new secondary core
> @@ -742,8 +739,6 @@ void __init smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int max_cpus)
> */
> for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
>
> - per_cpu(cpu_number, cpu) = cpu;
> -
> if (cpu == smp_processor_id())
> continue;
>
> @@ -1021,12 +1016,12 @@ void __init set_smp_ipi_range(int ipi_base, int n)
>
> if (ipi_should_be_nmi(i)) {
> err = request_percpu_nmi(ipi_base + i, ipi_handler,
> - "IPI", &cpu_number);
> + "IPI", &irq_stat);
> WARN(err, "Could not request IPI %d as NMI, err=%d\n",
> i, err);
> } else {
> err = request_percpu_irq(ipi_base + i, ipi_handler,
> - "IPI", &cpu_number);
> + "IPI", &irq_stat);

I was going to say that it might be worth having a dummy percpu variable
specifically for these, but given this is what 32-bit arm does, it makse sense
to do the same thing.

This looks good to me, so:

Acked-by: Mark Rutland <[email protected]>

Mark.

> WARN(err, "Could not request IPI %d as IRQ, err=%d\n",
> i, err);
> }
> --
> 2.40.1
>

2024-05-06 06:10:33

by Anshuman Khandual

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 1/2] arm64/arch_timer: include <linux/percpu.h>



On 5/3/24 15:14, Puranjay Mohan wrote:
> Anshuman Khandual <[email protected]> writes:
>
>> On 5/2/24 18:04, Puranjay Mohan wrote:
>>> arch_timer.h includes linux/smp.h to use DEFINE_PER_CPU() and it works
>>> because smp.h includes percpu.h. The next commit will remove percpu.h
>>> from smp.h and it will break this usage.
>>>
>>> Explicitly include percpu.h and remove smp.h
>>
>> But this particular change does not seem to be necessary for changing
>> raw_smp_processor_id() as current_thread_info()->cpu being done in the
>> later patch ? You might still leave header <asm/percpu.h> inclusion in
>> arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h while dropping the per cpu cpu_number ?
>
> commit 57c82954e77f ("arm64: make cpu number a percpu variable")
> created this percpu variable and included <asm/percpu.h> in <asm/smp.h>
>
> Now we are removing the percpu variable cpu_number from smp.h, so there
> is no need to keep percpu.h in smp.h

Fair enough.

>
> I feel users of DECLARE_PER_CPU_[...], etc. should include percpu.h and
> not smp.h as it makes reading the code more easier and can thwart build
> issues in the future, when headers are changed.
Right, makes sense, hope there is no more such cases using smp.h to pull
in DECLARE_PER_CPU_[...]. A quick build on defconfig is successful after
this patch.

2024-05-06 06:55:42

by Anshuman Khandual

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 1/2] arm64/arch_timer: include <linux/percpu.h>



On 5/2/24 18:04, Puranjay Mohan wrote:
> arch_timer.h includes linux/smp.h to use DEFINE_PER_CPU() and it works
> because smp.h includes percpu.h. The next commit will remove percpu.h
> from smp.h and it will break this usage.
>
> Explicitly include percpu.h and remove smp.h
>
> Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <[email protected]>

Reviewed-by: Anshuman Khandual <[email protected]>

> ---
> arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h | 2 +-
> 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
> index 934c658ee947..f5794d50f51d 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/arch_timer.h
> @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
> #include <linux/bug.h>
> #include <linux/init.h>
> #include <linux/jump_label.h>
> -#include <linux/smp.h>
> +#include <linux/percpu.h>
> #include <linux/types.h>
>
> #include <clocksource/arm_arch_timer.h>

2024-05-06 06:57:14

by Anshuman Khandual

[permalink] [raw]
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 2/2] arm64: implement raw_smp_processor_id() using thread_info



On 5/2/24 18:04, Puranjay Mohan wrote:
> Historically, arm64 implemented raw_smp_processor_id() as a read of
> current_thread_info()->cpu. This changed when arm64 moved thread_info
> into task struct, as at the time CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK made core
> code use thread_struct::cpu for the cpu number, and due to header
> dependencies prevented using this in raw_smp_processor_id(). As a
> workaround, we moved to using a percpu variable in commit:
>
> commit 57c82954e77f ("arm64: make cpu number a percpu variable")
>
> Since then, thread_info::cpu was reintroduced, and core code was made to
> use this in commits:
>
> commit 001430c1910d ("arm64: add CPU field to struct thread_info")
> commit bcf9033e5449 ("sched: move CPU field back into thread_info if
> THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK=y")
>
> Consequently it is possible to use current_thread_info()->cpu again.
>
> This decreases the number of emitted instructions like in the following
> example:
>
> Dump of assembler code for function bpf_get_smp_processor_id:
> 0xffff8000802cd608 <+0>: nop
> 0xffff8000802cd60c <+4>: nop
> 0xffff8000802cd610 <+8>: adrp x0, 0xffff800082138000
> 0xffff8000802cd614 <+12>: mrs x1, tpidr_el1
> 0xffff8000802cd618 <+16>: add x0, x0, #0x8
> 0xffff8000802cd61c <+20>: ldrsw x0, [x0, x1]
> 0xffff8000802cd620 <+24>: ret
>
> After this patch:
>
> Dump of assembler code for function bpf_get_smp_processor_id:
> 0xffff8000802c9130 <+0>: nop
> 0xffff8000802c9134 <+4>: nop
> 0xffff8000802c9138 <+8>: mrs x0, sp_el0
> 0xffff8000802c913c <+12>: ldr w0, [x0, #24]
> 0xffff8000802c9140 <+16>: ret
>
> A microbenchmark[1] was built to measure the performance improvement
> provided by this change. It calls the following function given number of
> times and finds the runtime overhead:
>
> static noinline int get_cpu_id(void)
> {
> return smp_processor_id();
> }
>
> Run the benchmark like:
> modprobe smp_processor_id nr_function_calls=1000000000
>
> +--------------------------+------------------------+
> | | Number of Calls | Time taken |
> +--------+-----------------+------------------------+
> | Before | 1000000000 | 1602888401ns |
> +--------+-----------------+------------------------+
> | After | 1000000000 | 1206212658ns |
> +--------+-----------------+------------------------+
> | Difference (decrease) | 396675743ns (24.74%) |
> +---------------------------------------------------+
>
> Remove the percpu variable cpu_number as it is used only in
> set_smp_ipi_range() as a dummy variable to be passed to ipi_handler().
> Use irq_stat in place of cpu_number here.
>
> [1] https://github.com/puranjaymohan/linux/commit/77d3fdd
>
> Signed-off-by: Puranjay Mohan <[email protected]>

Reviewed-by: Anshuman Khandual <[email protected]>

> ---
> Changes in v1 -> v2:
> v1: https://lore.kernel.org/all/[email protected]/
> - Remove the percpu variable cpu_number
> - Add more information to the commit message.
> ---
> arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h | 13 +------------
> arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c | 9 ++-------
> 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h
> index efb13112b408..2510eec026f7 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h
> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/smp.h
> @@ -25,22 +25,11 @@
>
> #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
>
> -#include <asm/percpu.h>
> -
> #include <linux/threads.h>
> #include <linux/cpumask.h>
> #include <linux/thread_info.h>
>
> -DECLARE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(int, cpu_number);
> -
> -/*
> - * We don't use this_cpu_read(cpu_number) as that has implicit writes to
> - * preempt_count, and associated (compiler) barriers, that we'd like to avoid
> - * the expense of. If we're preemptible, the value can be stale at use anyway.
> - * And we can't use this_cpu_ptr() either, as that winds up recursing back
> - * here under CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT=y.
> - */
> -#define raw_smp_processor_id() (*raw_cpu_ptr(&cpu_number))
> +#define raw_smp_processor_id() (current_thread_info()->cpu)
>
> /*
> * Logical CPU mapping.
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
> index 4ced34f62dab..98d4e352c3d0 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/smp.c
> @@ -55,9 +55,6 @@
>
> #include <trace/events/ipi.h>
>
> -DEFINE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(int, cpu_number);
> -EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(cpu_number);
> -
> /*
> * as from 2.5, kernels no longer have an init_tasks structure
> * so we need some other way of telling a new secondary core
> @@ -742,8 +739,6 @@ void __init smp_prepare_cpus(unsigned int max_cpus)
> */
> for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
>
> - per_cpu(cpu_number, cpu) = cpu;
> -
> if (cpu == smp_processor_id())
> continue;
>
> @@ -1021,12 +1016,12 @@ void __init set_smp_ipi_range(int ipi_base, int n)
>
> if (ipi_should_be_nmi(i)) {
> err = request_percpu_nmi(ipi_base + i, ipi_handler,
> - "IPI", &cpu_number);
> + "IPI", &irq_stat);
> WARN(err, "Could not request IPI %d as NMI, err=%d\n",
> i, err);
> } else {
> err = request_percpu_irq(ipi_base + i, ipi_handler,
> - "IPI", &cpu_number);
> + "IPI", &irq_stat);
> WARN(err, "Could not request IPI %d as IRQ, err=%d\n",
> i, err);
> }